不同首次充气模式下压缩空气储能洞室的温度演化规律

刘小刚; 徐栋烨; 袁自力; 夏才初; 金声尧; 韩赟

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2026.0706

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不同首次充气模式下压缩空气储能洞室的温度演化规律

XXXX | 更新时间：2026-09-28

- 不同首次充气模式下压缩空气储能洞室的温度演化规律
- Temperature evolution of compressed air energy storage caverns under different initial charging modes
- 储能科学与技术 2026年页码：1-12
- 作者机构：
  
  1.中铁第一勘察设计院集团有限公司，陕西西安 710043
  2.宁波大学岩石力学研究所，浙江宁波 315211
  3.宁波市能源地下结构重点实验室，浙江宁波 315211
  4.苏尼特左旗元储科技有限公司，内蒙古锡林郭勒盟 011300
- 作者简介：
  
  刘小刚（1974—），男，学士，正高级工程师，从事隧道与压缩空气储能人工洞室等方面的研究工作，E-mail：397287371@qq.com；
  夏才初，教授，主要从事压气储能地下洞室的研究，E-mail：tjxiaccb@126.com。
- 基金信息：
  
  国家重点研发计划政府间重点专项(2024YFE0105800);国家自然科学基金企业创新发展联合基金重点项目(U23B20145);国家自然科学基金面上项目(52278402);中国铁建核心攻关项目(CR1405-YSKQCN-【2025】-JS00001)
- DOI：10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2026.0706
  中图分类号： TK 02
- 收稿：2026-08-12，
  
  修回：2026-09-06，
  
  网络首发：2026-09-26，
- 稿件说明：
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刘小刚, 徐栋烨, 袁自力, 等. 不同首次充气模式下压缩空气储能洞室的温度演化规律[J]. 储能科学与技术, XXXX, XX(XX): 1-12.

LIU Xiaogang, XU Dongye, HAN Yun, et al. Temperature evolution of compressed air energy storage caverns under different initial charging modes[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, XXXX, XX(XX): 1-12.
刘小刚, 徐栋烨, 袁自力, 等. 不同首次充气模式下压缩空气储能洞室的温度演化规律[J]. 储能科学与技术, XXXX, XX(XX): 1-12. DOI： 10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2026.0706.

LIU Xiaogang, XU Dongye, HAN Yun, et al. Temperature evolution of compressed air energy storage caverns under different initial charging modes[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, XXXX, XX(XX): 1-12. DOI： 10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2026.0706.

摘要

为准确掌握不同充气模式下压缩空气储能（CAES）洞室的温度演化规律，并实现洞室温升的有效调控，本文基于Peng-Robinson真实气体状态方程，建立了考虑空气重力效应的热-流耦合数值模型，系统揭示了空气重力对CAES洞室温度场的作用机制。在此基础上，分析了不同充气模式下洞室的温升特性，并提出相应的温升调控策略。结果表明，立罐式CAES洞室温度响应的数值计算中不可忽略空气重力效应。温差导致的空气密度差异在重力作用下显著强化了洞室内的空气流动，使竖向壁面附近的流速达到7～8 m/s，约为忽略重力时（0.5 m/s）的14～16倍；洞室内空气平均温度峰值由128.3℃降至80.4℃，降幅为37.3%；空气温度空间分布更加均匀，局部高温区温度与空气平均温度之间的差异显著减小。延长首次充气时长以及采用低压阶段慢充的阶梯式充气模式，均可有效降低CAES洞室空气温度峰值及温升速率。当首次充气时长由24 h增至72 h时，空气平均温度峰值降幅约为21%；当0.1～0.3 MPa低压阶段的充气时长由1 h延长至2.6 h时，空气温度峰值降低约14.0℃。据此，提出“延长首次充气时长、降低低压阶段充气速率”的CAES洞室温升调控策略。

Abstract

To accurately characterize the temperature evolution in compressed air energy storage (CAES) caverns under different charging modes and achieve effective control of cavern temperature rise

a coupled thermo-fluid numerical model accounting for the gravitational effect on air was developed based on the Peng-Robinson real-gas equation of state. The model was used to systematically elucidate the mechanism by which gravity affects the temperature field in a CAES cavern. The temperature-rise characteristics under different charging modes were then investigated

and corresponding thermal regulation strategies were proposed. The results show that the gravitational effect on air cannot be neglected when numerically simulating the thermal response of a vertical-tank CAES cavern. Air density differences induced by temperature gradients

together with gravity

substantially enhance air circulation within the cavern

increasing the air velocity near the vertical walls to 7-8 m/s

approximately 14-16 times the value obtained when gravity is neglected (0.5 m/s). Consequently

the peak volume-averaged air temperature decreases from 128.3℃ to 80.4℃

representing a reduction of 37.3%. The spatial distribution of air temperature also becomes more uniform

and the difference between the temperature in local high-temperature regions and the volume-averaged air temperature is significantly reduced. Extending the initial charging duration and adopting a staged charging mode with a lower charging rate at the low-pressure stage both effectively reduce the peak air temperature and the temperature-rise rate. When the initial charging duration increases from 24 h to 72 h

the peak volume-averaged air temperature decreases by approximately 21%. When the charging duration in the low-pressure range of 0.1-0.3 MPa is extended from 1.0 h to 2.6 h

the peak air temperature decreases by approximately 14.0℃. Accordingly

a temperature-rise regulation strategy combining an extended initial charging duration with a reduced charging rate at the low-pressure stage is proposed for CAES caverns.

关键词

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references

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