绝热条件下160 Ah聚阴离子型钠离子电池热失控特性分析

唐志成; 贾壮壮; 李志远; 刘鹏杰; 段佩玉; 王青松; 金凯强

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2026.0691

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绝热条件下160 Ah聚阴离子型钠离子电池热失控特性分析

XXXX | 更新时间：2026-09-28

- 绝热条件下160 Ah聚阴离子型钠离子电池热失控特性分析
- Thermal runaway characteristics of a 160 Ah NFPP sodium-ion battery under adiabatic conditions
- 储能科学与技术 2026年页码：1-9
- 作者机构：
  
  中国科学技术大学火灾安全全国重点实验室，安徽合肥 230026
- 作者简介：
  
  唐志成（2003—），男，硕士研究生，研究方向为钠离子电池热安全，E-mail：tangzhicheng2025@mail.ustc.edu.cn；
  金凯强，副研究员，研究方向为电池火灾安全，E-mail：jinkq@ustc.edu.cn。
- 基金信息：
  
  中华人民共和国工业和信息化部项目(CEIEC-2025-ZM02-0007)
- DOI：10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2026.0691
  中图分类号： TM 912
- 收稿：2026-08-09，
  
  修回：2026-09-24，
  
  网络首发：2026-09-26，
- 稿件说明：
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唐志成, 贾壮壮, 李志远, 等. 绝热条件下160 Ah聚阴离子型钠离子电池热失控特性分析[J]. 储能科学与技术, XXXX, XX(XX): 1-9.

TANG Zhicheng, JIA Zhuangzhuang, LI Zhiyuan, et al. Thermal runaway characteristics of a 160 Ah NFPP sodium-ion battery under adiabatic conditions[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, XXXX, XX(XX): 1-9.
唐志成, 贾壮壮, 李志远, 等. 绝热条件下160 Ah聚阴离子型钠离子电池热失控特性分析[J]. 储能科学与技术, XXXX, XX(XX): 1-9. DOI： 10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2026.0691.

TANG Zhicheng, JIA Zhuangzhuang, LI Zhiyuan, et al. Thermal runaway characteristics of a 160 Ah NFPP sodium-ion battery under adiabatic conditions[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, XXXX, XX(XX): 1-9. DOI： 10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2026.0691.

摘要

针对大容量聚阴离子型钠离子电池热失控特性及临界安全条件研究不足的问题，本文以100% SOC的160 Ah Na

(PO

)

) (NFPP) 钠离子电池为对象，采用大型电池绝热量热仪研究其自产热和热失控过程，并结合Arrhenius动力学模型和Semenov热平衡模型，分析自产热反应及换热条件对安全储存温度的影响。结果表明，该电池在107.14℃开始出现可识别自产热，并在180.19℃触发热失控，最高温度和最大温升速率分别为235.12℃和7.14℃/s。与文献报道的镍钴锰三元、磷酸铁锂及层状氧化物钠离子电池相比，NFPP电池表现出较低的峰值温度、升温速率和单位质量产热，说明其热失控过程相对温和。自产热初始阶段的温升行为符合Arrhenius关系，且具有较高的表观活化能，表明NFPP体系自产热反应需要克服较高的等效能垒。Semenov模型表明，安全储存温度随换热增强而升高，但增幅逐渐减小，自然对流条件下的预测值为162.5℃。研究表明，大容量N

FPP钠离子电池具有较好的热稳定性和相对较低的热失控产热强度，但在高温或散热不足条件下仍存在热量持续积累的风险。研究结果可为此类电池储存、运输过程中的温度控制、散热设计及热安全评估提供依据。

Abstract

To address the limited understanding of the thermal runaway characteristics and critical safety conditions of large-format polyanionic sodium-ion batteries

a fully charged 160 Ah Na

(PO

)

) (NFPP) sodium-ion battery was investigated using a large-scale accelerating rate calorimeter. The self-heating and thermal runaway processes were characterized

and an Arrhenius kinetic model and a Semenov heat-balance model were employed to analyze the self-heating reactions and the effects of heat-transfer conditions on the safe storage temperature. The battery exhibited detectable self-heating at 107.14℃ and entered thermal runaway at 180.19℃

with a maximum temperature of 235.12℃ and a maximum temperature-rise rate of 7.14℃/s. Compared with nickel-cobalt-manganese

lithium iron phosphate

and layered-oxide sodium-ion batteries reported in the literature

the NFPP battery exhibited a lower peak temperature

temperature-rise rate

and mass-specific heat release

indicating a relatively moderate thermal runaway process. The temperature-rise behavior during the initial self-heating stage followed the Arrhenius relationship. Its relatively high apparent activation energy indicated that the self-heating reactions of the NFPP system had to overcome a high effective energy barrier. The Semenov model showed that the SADT increased with enhanced heat transfer

although the increase gradually diminished. The predicted value under natural convection conditions was 162.5℃. These results demonstrate that large-format NFPP sodium-ion batteries exhibit favorable thermal stability and relatively low heat-release intensity during thermal runaway; nevertheless

sustained heat accumulation remains possible at elevated temperatures or under insufficient heat dissipation. The findings provide a basis for

temperature control

heat-dissipation design

and thermal-safety assessment during the storage and transportation of such batteries.

关键词

Keywords

references

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宋来丰,梅文昕,贾壮壮,等. 绝热条件下280 Ah大型磷酸铁锂电池热失控特性分析[J]. 储能科学与技术,2022,11(8):2411-2417.

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