基于时变参数的重力储能系统功率波动特性研究

王义龙; 郭刘壹; 张嘉蔚; 吴高昀; 张连成; 赵海森

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2026.0575

您当前的位置：

首页 >

文章列表页 >

基于时变参数的重力储能系统功率波动特性研究

储能XXXX | 更新时间：2026-09-28

- 基于时变参数的重力储能系统功率波动特性研究
- Power Fluctuation Characteristics of Gravity Energy Storage Systems Based on Time-Varying Parameters
- 储能科学与技术 2026年页码：1-11
- 作者机构：
  
  1.北京信息科技大学机电工程学院，北京市海淀区 100192
  2.新能源电力系统国家重点实验室（华北电力大学），北京市昌平区 102206
  3.北华航天工业学院电子与控制工程学院，河北省廊坊市 065000
- 作者简介：
  
  王义龙（1980—），男，博士，副教授，研究方向：新型储能与新能源发电，E-mail：wangyilonghu@163.com；
  赵海森，男，博士，教授，研究方向：新能源电力系统分析与控制，E-mail：zhaohisen@163.com。
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金资助项目(52177041)
- DOI：10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2026.0575
  中图分类号： TM 714.1
- 收稿：2026-07-03，
  
  修回：2026-08，
  
  网络首发：2026-09-26，
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
王义龙, 郭刘壹, 张嘉蔚, 等. 基于时变参数的重力储能系统功率波动特性研究[J]. 储能科学与技术, XXXX, XX(XX): 1-11.

WANG Yilong, GUO Liuyi, ZHANG Jiawei, et al. Power Fluctuation Characteristics of Gravity Energy Storage Systems Based on Time-Varying Parameters[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, XXXX, XX(XX): 1-11.
王义龙, 郭刘壹, 张嘉蔚, 等. 基于时变参数的重力储能系统功率波动特性研究[J]. 储能科学与技术, XXXX, XX(XX): 1-11. DOI： 10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2026.0575.

WANG Yilong, GUO Liuyi, ZHANG Jiawei, et al. Power Fluctuation Characteristics of Gravity Energy Storage Systems Based on Time-Varying Parameters[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, XXXX, XX(XX): 1-11. DOI： 10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2026.0575.

摘要

针对采用长距离钢缆牵引固体质量块的重力储能系统，在离散质量块运动过程中钢缆弹性特性会导致功率波动，采用恒定刚度与阻尼系数难以准确描述长距离钢缆张力的动态响应规律，导致系统功率波动特性分析产生较大误差。针对这一问题，本文首先研究了长距离钢缆结构特点及受力分布规律，推导出时变刚度与阻尼特性数学模型，并结合长度55 cm、直径5 mm的钢缆拉伸实验，验证了模型的有效性；其次，提出了基于时变参数的重力储能系统功率波动分析方法，构建了钢缆牵引端与底端重物侧的弹性动力学方程，有效计及离散质量块装卸引起的力矩突变、进而导致功率波动；最后，以一套牵引电机位于高势能位的250 kW重力储能系统为例，系统分析了在长度100 m、直径60 mm钢缆牵引下，分析不同质量块数量、单块质量及运行速度对储能系统的功率波动衰减时长及波动幅度的影响规律，结果表明：输出额定功率时，在线运行质量块总重量保持不变、仅调整质量块数量的前提下，力矩突变由10%增至25%时，功率波动衰减时长基本不受影响，但高势能位牵引端功率波动由20%线性升至50%，低势能位重物侧功率波动呈非线性放大趋势，约为牵引端的2.04倍；当保持质量块总数为5块，仅通过调整总质量由20 t至80 t、速度由1.25 m/s至0.32 m/s，且仍保持额定输出功率时，牵引端力矩、功率波动基本不变，但重物侧功率波动由16%增至130%，功率波动衰减时长同步延长为4.27 s至12.74 s，上述波动导致牵引电机的机械功率整体波动最大可达40.46%，本文研究成果可为大容量重力储能系统的功率波动特性及平滑控制策略提供重要支撑。

Abstract

In gravity energy storage systems (GESS) using long-distance wire ropes to haul solid mass blocks

the elastic characteristics of the wire ropes cause power fluctuations during the movement of discrete mass blocks. Using constant stiffness and damping coefficients fails to accurately describe the dynamic response of the long-distance wire rope tension

resulting in substantial errors in the system power fluctuation analysis. To address this issue

the structural characteristics and force distribution of long-distance wire ropes were first investigated

and a mathematical model of time-varying stiffness and damping characteristics was derived. The validity of the model was verified through a tensile experiment on a wire rope with a length of 55 cm and a diameter of 5 mm. Second

a GESS power fluctuation analysis method based on time-varying parameters was proposed. Elastic dynamic equations for the traction end and the bottom mass side of the wire rope were constructed to effectively account for the abrupt torque variations caused by the loading and unloading of discrete mass blocks

which subsequently lead to power fluctuations. Finally

taking a 250 kW GESS with the traction motor located at a high-potential position as an example

the influence of the number of mass blocks

individual block mass

and operating speed on the power fluctuation decay time and fluctuation amplitude was systematically analyzed under the traction of a wire rope with a length of 100 m and a diameter of 60 mm. The results show that when outputting the rated power

under the premise of keeping the total weight of the online running mass blocks constant and only adjusting the number of mass blocks

an increase in abrupt torque variation from 10% to 25% basically does not affect the power fluctuation decay time. However

the power fluctuation at the high-potential traction end linearly increases from 20% to 50%

while the power fluctuation at the low-potential mass side exhibits a non-linear amplification trend

reaching approximately 2.04 times that of the traction end. When the total number of mass blocks is maintained at 5

and the total mass is adjusted from 20 t to 80 t while the speed is adjusted from 1.25 m/s to 0.32 m/s

still maintaining the rated output power

the torque and power fluctuations at the traction end remain basically unchanged. Nevertheless

the power fluctuation at the mass side increases from 16% to 130%

and the power fluctuation decay time simultaneously extends from 4.27 s to 12.74 s. The aforementioned fluctuations cause the overall mechanical power fluctuation of the traction motor to reach a maximum of 40.46%. The research results provide important support for the power fluctuation characteristics and smoothing control strategies of large-capacity gravity energy storage systems.

关键词

Keywords

references

王青山, 李妍, 张群, 等. 基于带传动的垂直式重力储能系统能效分析模型与实验验证[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2025, 14(03):1141-1149.

WANG Q S, LI Y, ZHANG Q, et al. Energy efficiency analysis model and experimental verification of vertical gravity energy storage system based on belt drive[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2025, 14(03): 1141-1149.

Wenxuan T ,Zhengang L ,Weijiang C , et al.Solid gravity energy storage: A review[J ] .Journal of Energy Storage,2022, 53 .

Z. Wang et al., "Dynamic Programming-Based Mass Block Stacking Method of Gravity Energy Storage System for Minimum Energy Consumption," in IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, vol. 61 , no. 6 , pp. 9628 - 9639 , Nov.-Dec. 2025.

陈述平, 章光裕, 陈一铭, 等. 重力储能技术研究进展及展望[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2026, 15(4):1360-1362.

CHEN S P, ZHANG G Y, CHEN Y M, et al. Research progress and prospect of gravity energy storage technology[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2026, 15(4): 1360-1362.

Sean O .Weights-Based Gravity Energy Storage Looks to Scale Up[J ] .Engineering,2022, 143 - 6 .

Z. Wang et al., "Key Parameters Design of Chain-Rail Based Slope Gravity Energy Storage System for Optimal Efficiency," in IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, vol. 62 , no. 1 , pp. 1349 - 1358 , Jan.-Feb. 2026.

喻恒凝, 姚良忠, 程帆, 等. 重力储能在新型电力系统中应用:前景及挑战[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2025, 45(18):7177-7193.

YU H N, YAO L Z, CHENG F, et al. Application of gravity energy storage in novel power systems: prospects and challenges[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2025, 45(18): 7177-7193.

Z. Wang et al., "Mass-Block-Dragging-Based Starting Method for Synchronous Generator/Motor of Gravity Energy Storage System," in IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications.

Shi Q ,Wang D ,Zeng X , et al.Research on the Design of Multi-Rope Friction Hoisting System of Vertical Shaft Gravity Energy Storage System[J].Applied Sciences,2024,14(17):7556-7556.

Cai K ,Han Y ,Zhu Y , et al.Dynamic modeling and performance analysis of suspended weight gravity energy storage system under wind loads[J].Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology,2026,40(1):1-14.

Anisa E ,Asmae B ,Mohamed B .Modeling and Performance Evaluation of the Dynamic Behavior of Gravity Energy Storage with a Wire Rope Hoisting System[J].Journal of Energy Storage,2021,33102154-.

罗晓悦, 邱清泉, 靖立伟, 等. 垂直式重力储能系统能效研究[J/OL]. 储能科学与技术, 1-16[2026-06-09].

LUO X Y, QIU Q Q, JING L W, et al. Research on energy efficiency of vertical gravity energy storage system[J/OL]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 1-16[2026-06-09].

Chen Y ,Li X ,Tong W , et al.Dynamic modeling and coordinated control of mountain cable-type gravity energy storage for efficient grid integration[J].Journal of Energy Storage,2026,155(PA):121474-121474.

周睿, 洪剑锋, 曹君慈, 等. 竖井式重力储能发电效率及功率稳定策略研究[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2024, 13(10):3556-3565.

ZHOU R, HONG J F, CAO J C, et al. Research on power generation efficiency and power stability strategy of vertical shaft gravity energy storage[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2024, 13(10): 3556-3565.

Hu J ,Zha K ,Wang Y , et al.Power control strategy of slope gravity energy storage system based on permanent magnet synchronous motor[J].Journal of Physics: Conference Series,2025,3011(1):012070-012070.

李震, 王斌, 牟雪鹏, 等. 基于瞬时功率镜像补偿的斜坡式重力储能系统功率平滑控制策略[J]. 电机与控制应用, 2024, 51(05):12-20.

LI Z, WANG B, MOU X P, et al. Power smoothing control strategy of slope gravity energy storage system based on instantaneous power mirror compensation[J]. Electric Machines & Control Application, 2024, 51(05): 12-20.

赵永明, 邱清泉, 聂子攀, 等. 重力/飞轮综合储能电机变流并网系统设计及运行特性[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2022, 11(12):3895-3905.

ZHAO Y M, QIU Q Q, NIE Z P, et al. Design and operating characteristics of motor converter grid-connected system for gravity/flywheel integrated energy storage[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2022, 11(12): 3895-3905.

王粟, 肖立业, 唐文冰, 等. 新型重力储能研究综述[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2022,11(5):1575-1582.

WANG S, XIAO L Y, TANG W B, et al. Review of new gravity energy storage[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2022, 11(5): 1575-1582.

Moussa L ,P.S. B ,E.R. M .Quasi-static cyclic behavior of wire rope isolators: comprehensive experimental study and improved mathematical modeling[J].Heliyon,2022,8(10):e10944-e10944.

彭苗娇, 吴惠松, 林麒, 等. 考虑绳阻尼的绳系并联机器人动力学特性分析[J]. 北京航空航天大学学报, 2020, 46(2):304-313.

PENG M J, WU H S, LIN Q, et al. Dynamic characteristics of wire-driven parallel robot with wire damping[J]. Journal of Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2020, 46(2): 304-313.

浏览量

下载量

CSCD

文章被引用时，请邮件提醒。

提交

工具集

关联资源

基于权重自适应鲸鱼优化算法的多能系统储能电站最优配置

有机-无机双层包覆协同优化LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4高压正极材料的界面及电化学性能

固态电解质湿法PE挤出隔膜的应用研究

基于物理参数辨识的燃料电池比例阀自适应标定筛选策略

仿生叶脉的非均匀流道优化及电池液冷板传热特性研究