锂电容协同抽蓄参与二次调频的运行策略与容量优化

张云飞; 叶滨; 全风云; 李子龙; 孙晓霞; 张瞳; 郑永; 李玲

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2026.0410

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锂电容协同抽蓄参与二次调频的运行策略与容量优化

储能系统与工程 | 更新时间：2026-09-18

- 锂电容协同抽蓄参与二次调频的运行策略与容量优化
- Operation strategy and capacity optimization of Li-ion capacitor coordinated pumped storage for secondary frequency regulation
- 储能科学与技术 2026年15卷第9期页码：3722-3733
- 作者机构：
  
  1.国网新源控股有限公司抽水蓄能技术经济研究院，北京 100053
  2.国网新源集团有限公司湖北分公司，湖北武汉 430070
- 作者简介：
  
  张云飞（1990—），男，硕士，高级经济师，研究方向为抽水蓄能技术开发与经济优化决策，E-mail：zhangyunfei_0512@163.com。
- 基金信息：
  
  国网新源集团有限公司科技项目资助(SGXYKJ-2025-020)
- DOI：10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2026.0410
  中图分类号： TK 02
- 收稿：2026-05-13，
  
  修回：2026-07-06，
  
  纸质出版：2026-09-28
- 稿件说明：
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张云飞, 叶滨, 全风云, 等. 锂电容协同抽蓄参与二次调频的运行策略与容量优化[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2026, 15(9): 3722-3733.

ZHANG Yunfei, YE Bin, QUAN Fengyun, et al. Operation strategy and capacity optimization of Li-ion capacitor coordinated pumped storage for secondary frequency regulation[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2026, 15(9): 3722-3733.
张云飞, 叶滨, 全风云, 等. 锂电容协同抽蓄参与二次调频的运行策略与容量优化[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2026, 15(9): 3722-3733. DOI： 10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2026.0410.

ZHANG Yunfei, YE Bin, QUAN Fengyun, et al. Operation strategy and capacity optimization of Li-ion capacitor coordinated pumped storage for secondary frequency regulation[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2026, 15(9): 3722-3733. DOI： 10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2026.0410.

摘要

为提升抽蓄响应自动发电控制（automatic generation control，AGC）指令的性能与经济性，提出了一种考虑抽蓄磨损的锂电容（lithium-ion capacitor，LiC）协同抽蓄的运行策略与容量优化方法。首先，以LiC的荷电状态（state of charge，SOC）偏差、抽蓄功率变化及AGC跟踪误差最小为目标，提出了一种自适应模型预测控制（model predictive control，MPC）策略，以提升系统AGC响应性能并降低LiC能量受限导致的功率突变。然后，基于抽水蓄能机组核心部件的磨损机理，构建了以机组功率变化量及变化率为决策变量的抽蓄磨损模型。进一步，以最大化项目规划期内系统年化净收益为目标，建立了LiC的容量配置模型。最后，通过运行策略与容量配置的联合迭代，实现二者协同优化。算例结果表明，所提自适应MPC策略下，联合系统的日收益较未配置LiC提高了21.5%。采用最优容量方案可使抽蓄磨损降低16.0%，并使联合系统的年化净收益提升18.1%。

Abstract

To improve the performance and economic efficiency of pumped storage hydropower (PSH) in responding to automatic generation control (AGC) signals

a coordinated operation strategy and a capacity optimization method for a PSH-lithium-ion capacitor (LiC) hybrid system that account for the impact of PSH wear are proposed. First

an adaptive model predictive control (MPC) strategy is proposed to minimize the LiC state-of-charge deviation

PSH fluctuations

and AGC tracking errors

thereby improving the system's AGC response and mitigating power fluctuations caused by LiC energy limits. Next

based on the wear mechanisms of the core components of PSH units

a wear model is constructed using unit power variation and ramp rate as decision variables. Furthermore

a LiC-capacity-configuration model is established to maximize the system's annualized net profit over the project-planning horizon. Finally

the coordinated optimization of the operation strategy and capacity configuration is achieved through an iterative process. Case study results show that the proposed adaptive MPC strategy increases daily system profit by 21.5% compared with the case without LiC configuration. Moreover

the optimal capacity-configuration scheme reduces PSH wear by 16.0% and increases the annualized net profit of the PSH-LiC hybrid system by 18.1%.

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