聚环氧乙烷基电解质结构设计与离子传输机制研究进展

郑肖杰; 俞尚长; 何奇霖; 董盼盼; 杨维清

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2026.0372

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聚环氧乙烷基电解质结构设计与离子传输机制研究进展

超越500 Wh/kg的电池专栏 | 更新时间：2026-08-26

- 聚环氧乙烷基电解质结构设计与离子传输机制研究进展
- Progress in structural design and ion transport mechanisms of PEO-based electrolytes
- 储能科学与技术 2026年15卷第8期页码：3412-3426
- 作者机构：
  
  1.西南交通大学化学学院，四川成都 610031
  2.西南交通大学，材料先进技术教育部重点实验室，材料科学与工程学院，四川成都 610031
  3.西南交通大学前沿科学研究院，四川成都 610031
- 作者简介：
  
  郑肖杰（2004—），男，学士，主要从事聚合物电解质研究，E-mail：2445658993@qq.com；
  董盼盼，副研究员，主要从事固态电池材料和器件研究，E-mail：panpan.dong@swjtu.edu.cn。
- 基金信息：
  
  四川省自然科学基金(2025ZNSFSC1413);中国博士后科学基金(GZC20241407)
- DOI：10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2026.0372
  中图分类号： O 63
- 收稿：2026-04-30，
  
  修回：2026-05-27，
  
  网络首发：2026-08-26，
  
  纸质出版：2026-08-28
- 稿件说明：
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郑肖杰, 俞尚长, 何奇霖, 等. 聚环氧乙烷基电解质结构设计与离子传输机制研究进展[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2026, 15(8): 3412-3426.

ZHENG Xiaojie, YU Shangchang, HE Qinlin, et al. Progress in structural design and ion transport mechanisms of PEO-based electrolytes[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2026, 15(8): 3412-3426.
郑肖杰, 俞尚长, 何奇霖, 等. 聚环氧乙烷基电解质结构设计与离子传输机制研究进展[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2026, 15(8): 3412-3426. DOI： 10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2026.0372.

ZHENG Xiaojie, YU Shangchang, HE Qinlin, et al. Progress in structural design and ion transport mechanisms of PEO-based electrolytes[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2026, 15(8): 3412-3426. DOI： 10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2026.0372.

摘要

针对聚环氧乙烷基固态电解质离子电导率、机械强度与界面稳定性难以协同优化的瓶颈，本文从聚合物链段运动、离子解离-传输和界面化学的多尺度调控出发，系统评述了近年来的突破策略。在聚合物本体结构设计中，重点分析了深共晶溶剂竞争配位、离子液体限域交联网络、硫醇-烯半互穿网络耦合双盐原位富氟化锂界面，以及锂化有机纳米纤维增强等四种路径的离子传导与力学协同强化机制。在复合电解质层面，深入讨论了金属有机框架开放金属位点强配位固定阴离子、二维纳米片锚定阴离子并抑制聚环氧乙烷结晶，以及Janus界面层调控聚合物与功能填料化学相容性等策略，凝练出阴离子锚定、界面钝化与体相连续导锂的协同设计思路。针对硅碳负极界面，阐明了预浸润构建连续聚合物离子传导网络对活性材料利用率和循环稳定性的提升机理。在此基础上，提出了链段松弛、离子对解离、界面输运多级耦合调控的新观点，并展望了面向高比能全固态锂金属电池的超薄化、梯度化复合电解质结构及其连续制造技术。本综述为聚合物固态电解质的理性设计与产业化推进提供了理论指引和创新思路。

Abstract

To address the bottleneck of synergistically optimizing ionic conductivity

mechanical strength

and interfacial stability in poly(ethylene oxide)-based solid-state electrolytes

this review systematically summarizes recent breakthroughs from the perspective of multiscale regulation of polymer segmental motion

ion dissociation-transport

and interfacial chemistry. In terms of polymer bulk structure design

we highlight four pathways including competitive coordination by deep eutectic solvents

ionic liquid confinement within cross-linked networks

thiol-ene semi-interpenetrating networks coupled with dual-salt

situ

formation of a LiF-rich interphase

and lithiated organic nanofiber-reinforced networks and analyze their synergistic mechanisms for enhancing ionic conduction and mechanical properties. At the composite electrolyte level

we discuss in depth the strategies of strongly immobilizing TFSI

through open metal sites in metal-organic frameworks

anchoring anions and suppressing crystallization using two-dimensional nanosheets

and regulating the chemical compatibility between polymer and fillers via Janus layers

thereby distilling a synergistic design concept of anion anchoring

interfacial passivation

and bulk continuous lithium-ion conduction. For the silicon-carbon anode interface

we elucidate the mechanism by which pre-infiltration constructs a continuous polymer ion-conducting network to improve active material utilization and cycling stability. On this basis

we propose a

new perspective of multilevel coupled regulation involving segmental relaxation

ion pair dissociation

and interfacial transport

and envision ultrathin and gradient composite electrolyte architectures along with their continuous manufacturing technologies for high-energy-density all-solid-state lithium metal batteries. This review offers theoretical guidance and innovative ideas for the rational design and industrialization of polymer solid-state electrolytes.

关键词

Keywords

references

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