锂离子电池组分层均衡控制系统研究

李艳波; 赵一安; 卢盼; 常悦; 刘天喜; 陈昊; 陈俊硕

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2026.0234

您当前的位置：

首页 >

文章列表页 >

锂离子电池组分层均衡控制系统研究

XXXX | 更新时间：2026-05-15

- 锂离子电池组分层均衡控制系统研究
- Research on layered equalization control system for lithium-ion battery packs
- 储能科学与技术 2026年页码：1-12
- 作者机构：
  
  1.长安大学能源与电气工程学院，陕西西安 710018
  2.中铁长安重工有限公司，陕西西安 710032
  3.河南交投新能源发展有限公司，河南郑州 450000
- 作者简介：
  
  李艳波（1980—），男，博士，教授，从事交通能源融合，智能微电网研究，E-mail：ybl@chd.edu.cn ；
  陈俊硕，副教授，从事电力计量仪表识别，综合能源系统研究，E-mail：jsch@chd.edu.cn 。
- 基金信息：
  
  国家重点研发计划(2021YFB1600200);陕西省自然科学基础研究计划(2025JC-YBMS-787);河南交通投资集团有限公司科技项目(HNJT2024-35;HNJT2024-36)
- DOI：10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2026.0234
  中图分类号： TM 912
- 收稿：2026-03-25，
  
  修回：2026-05-06，
  
  网络首发：2026-05-15，
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
李艳波, 赵一安, 卢盼, 等. 锂离子电池组分层均衡控制系统研究[J]. 储能科学与技术, XXXX, XX(XX): 1-12.

LI Yanbo, ZHAO Yian, LU Pan, et al. Research on layered equalization control system for lithium-ion battery packs[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, XXXX, XX(XX): 1-12.
李艳波, 赵一安, 卢盼, 等. 锂离子电池组分层均衡控制系统研究[J]. 储能科学与技术, XXXX, XX(XX): 1-12. DOI： 10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2026.0234.

LI Yanbo, ZHAO Yian, LU Pan, et al. Research on layered equalization control system for lithium-ion battery packs[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, XXXX, XX(XX): 1-12. DOI： 10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2026.0234.

摘要

为了解决传统的单层单电感均衡系统均衡效率低的问题，提出了一种面向串联电池组的分层均衡系统。该系统基于开关电感型均衡拓扑构建内层均衡电路，并在此基础上通过电感电容谐振电路实现组间各串联电池小组之间的能量转移，同时借助电感缓冲电路减小开关管开断时对电池组的冲击。在此基础上以电池组中各电池的荷电状态作为均衡目标参数

通过内、外层均衡电路分别进行电池组内和组间的均衡，以实现各单体电池以及电池小组之间的均衡。通过Simulink进行仿真，并与传统的单层单电感均衡系统进行对比。仿真结果表明，分层均衡系统在电池组静置、充电和放电工况下的均衡效率分别提升了15.0%、14.5%和16.4%；其中内层组内均衡方法可在3 s内完成小组内各单体电池的均衡，而外层组间均衡方法在静置、充电及放电工况下，针对电池组可在11 s内实现组间均衡。该系统能够有效实现电池组荷电状态的一致性均衡，且有效地避免了传统单层单电感均衡系统在电池数量较大情况下均衡速度较慢的缺陷。

Abstract

To address the low balancing efficiency of traditional single-layer single-inductor balancing systems

a hierarchical balancing system for series-connected battery packs is proposed. The system constructs an inner-layer balancing circuit based on a switched-inductor equalization topology. On this basis

an inductor-capacitor resonant circuit is adopted to achieve energy transfer among series-connected battery sub-modules

while an inductor buffer circuit is introduced to reduce the impact on the battery pack during switching transitions. Furthermore

with the state of charge (SOC) of individual batteries as the balancing target parameter

both the inner and outer balancing circuits perform intra-module and inter-module balancing

respectively

thereby achieving equilibrium among individual cells and battery sub-modules. Simulations were conducted in Simulink and compared with the conventional single-layer single-inductor balancing system. The results show that the hierarchical balancing system improves the balancing efficiency by 15.0%

14.5%

and 16.4% under static

charging

and discharging conditions

respectively. Specifically

the inner-layer balancing method can complete the balancing of individual cells within a series-connected sub-module within 3 s

while the outer-layer inter-module balancing method achieves balancing within 11 s under static

charging

and discharging conditions. The proposed system effectively ensures SOC consistency across the battery pack and overcomes the slow balancing speed of traditional single-layer single-inductor systems when dealing with a large number of cells.

关键词

Keywords

references

MIMI S, BEN MAISSA Y, TAMTAOUI A. A Control Strategy for Peak Shaving and Frequency Regulation Considering Battery Degradation Under Time of Use Pricing[C]//2023 IEEE PES/IAS PowerAfrica. 2023: 1-5.

WU T H, KUO S W, HUNG C K. Research on Active Balancing Technology for Energy Distribution in Battery Energy Storage Systems[C]//2025 IEEE Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting (IAS). 2025: 1-3.

SUN Z, LI F, LI X, et al. An SOC Balancing Control Scheme for Parallel Modularized UPS Moduels Based on Partial Power Converter[C]//2025 International Conference on New Power System Technology (PowerCon). 2025: 1-5.

刘帅邦, 叶佳俊, 李金翰, 等. 锂离子电池生产与服役过程缺陷问题研究综述[J]. 全球能源互联网, 2025, 8(03).

Liu Shuaibang, Ye Jiajun, Li Jinhan, et al. A Review of Defect Issues in Lithium-Ion Battery Production and Service Process[J]. Global Energy Interconnection, 2025, 8(03).

杨凯, 杨晓光, 王文伟, 等. 锂离子电池电化学-热-力多物理场耦合建模综述[J]. 电源技术, 2025, 49(05).

Yang Kai, Yang Xiaoguang, Wang Wenwei, et al. A Review of Electrochemical-Thermal-Mechanical Multiphysics Coupling Modeling for Lithium-Ion Batteries[J]. Chinese Journal of Power Sources, 2025, 49(05).

XIA B, LI Y, ZHANG G, et al. A double-layer ring-structured equalizer for series-connected lithium-ion battery pack based on model predictive control[J]. Journal of Energy Storage, 2024, 78: 110047.

Shreasth, OOI C A, KHAN N, et al. Active cell equalization for lithium-ion battery packs in electric vehicles using state of power estimation with convolutional neural network[J]. Energy Conversion and Management: X, 2025, 27: 101100.

GUO X, CHEN G, ZHAO L, et al. Systematic overview of equalization methods for battery energy storage systems[J]. Journal of Power Sources, 2025, 640(01): 236766.

ZHONG M, CHEN Y. A critical review of thermal management systems for lithium-ion batteries[J]. Ionics, 2025, 31(10): 10011-10031.

TOGUN H, BASEM A, JWEEG M J, et al. Sustainable cooling solutions for lithium-ion battery thermal management[J]. Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry, 2025, 150(25): 20433-20479.

LI H, OOI C A, JIA Z, et al. A review of active cell balancing methods in electric vehicles[J]. Energy Conversion and Management: X, 2025, 28: 101244.

LUO L, WANG J, ZHOU Y, 等. Topology, Modeling, and Optimization of Switched-Capacitor Equalizer Based on Multiplexing Technology for Multiple Battery Strings[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, 2025, 40(8): 11452-11466.

CHATZINIKOLAOU E, ROGERS D J. Hierarchical Distributed Balancing Control for Large-Scale Reconfigurable AC Battery Packs[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, 2017, 33(7).

AL-SMADI M K, ABU QAHOUQ J A. Evaluation of Current-Mode Controller for Active Battery Cells Balancing With Peak Efficiency Operation[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, 2023, 38(2): 1610-1621.

LIU G, MA L, WANG Y, et al. Hierarchical equalization scheme for retired lithium-ion battery packs based on inductor-flyback transformer[J]. Journal of Energy Storage, 2024, 100: 113505.

MANJUNATH K, KALPANA R, SINGH B. A Two-Stage Module Based Cell-to-Cell Active Balancing Circuit for Series Connected Lithium-Ion Battery Packs[J]. IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, 2023, 38(04).

DIVYA T, Umayal C, VASAN PRABHU V. A hybrid GTOA-DRN approach based active cell voltage balancing of electric vehicle batteries using PID controller[J]. Journal of Energy Storage, 2024, 98: 113095.

WANG S, JIN S, CAO Z, et al. Critical review of model-based and data-driven methods for accurate battery state of charge estimation in new energy vehicles[J]. Journal of Power Sources, 2026, 679: 240163.

LI J, WANG X, TIAN D, et al. Multi-scale synergistic estimation of state of charge and state of energy for lithium-ion batteries via seasonal-trend decomposition and hybrid neural networks[J]. Journal of Energy Storage, 2026, 159: 121723.

SHEN P, OUYANG M, LU L, et al. The Co-estimation of State of Charge, State of Health, and State of Function for Lithium-Ion Batteries in Electric Vehicles[J]. IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, 2018, 67(1): 92-103.

BREGLIO L, FIORDELLISI A, GASPERINI G, et al. A Model-Based Strategy for Active Balancing and SoC and SoH Estimations of an Automotive Battery Management System[J]. Modelling, 2024, 5(3): 911-935.

KIM G, LEE S, CHUN S, et al. Analysis of battery lifespan improvement with SOC battery balancing technique[J]. Journal of Energy Storage, 2025, 137: 118543.

浏览量

下载量

CSCD

文章被引用时，请邮件提醒。

提交

工具集

关联资源

基于超参数自适应优化的Transformer锂离子电池SOH预测算法

锂离子电池储能电站智能监测技术与运行保障

排布构型对锂电池组热失控传播的影响研究

基于集成学习和分位数回归的锂离子电池寿命预测方法

基于TPMS与相变材料协同强化的电池散热系统设计