X射线断层扫描技术在电池失效分析中的应用

许厚德; 封文聪; 陈伟; 罗雯

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2026.0192

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X射线断层扫描技术在电池失效分析中的应用

储能科学与技术 | 更新时间：2026-05-15

- X射线断层扫描技术在电池失效分析中的应用
- The Application of X-ray Computed Tomography in Battery Failure Analysis
- 储能科学与技术 2026年页码：1-16
- 作者机构：
  
  1.武汉理工大学材料科学与工程学院，湖北武汉 430070
  2.武汉理工大学材料复合新技术全国重点实验室，湖北武汉 430070
- 作者简介：
  
  姓名许厚德，性别男，研究生在读，研究方向为水系电池与原位表征，E-mail：373938@whut.edu.cn ；
  罗雯，职称教授，研究方向电池材料与电子器件，E-mail：luowen_1991@whut.edu.cn。
- 基金信息：
  
  国家重点研发计划(2022YFB2404300)
- DOI：10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2026.0192
  中图分类号： TM 912
- 收稿：2026-03-05，
  
  修回：2026-05-14，
  
  网络首发：2026-05-15，
- 稿件说明：
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许厚德, 封文聪, 陈伟, 等. X射线断层扫描技术在电池失效分析中的应用[J]. 储能科学与技术, XXXX, XX(XX): 1-16.

Xu Houde, Feng Wencong, Chen Wei, et al. The Application of X-ray Computed Tomography in Battery Failure Analysis[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, XXXX, XX(XX): 1-16.
许厚德, 封文聪, 陈伟, 等. X射线断层扫描技术在电池失效分析中的应用[J]. 储能科学与技术, XXXX, XX(XX): 1-16. DOI： 10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2026.0192.

Xu Houde, Feng Wencong, Chen Wei, et al. The Application of X-ray Computed Tomography in Battery Failure Analysis[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, XXXX, XX(XX): 1-16. DOI： 10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2026.0192.

摘要

随着新能源汽车与便携式储能设备的快速迭代，高安全、长寿命电池成为产业研发核心，而内部缺陷引发的失效问题是制约其性能升级的关键瓶颈。传统破坏性检测难以兼顾试样完整性与动态过程捕捉，无法满足失效机理精准解析的需求，需要高效无损可视化技术提供支撑。本文聚焦X射线CT（X射线CT）高精度无损成像技术，阐述其在电池失效分析中的应用机制，包括在不破坏电池的前提下，通过二维断层切片或三维模型呈现内部结构及缺损状况，完成电极界面剥离、活性物质团聚等缺陷分析与内层微观尺寸精准测量。同时重点介绍其在锂电池（过充过放、高低温工况）与水系电池（枝晶生长、析气副反应）等典型场景下的失效检测应用，通过动态追踪缺陷萌生扩展过程，构建缺陷演变与性能衰减的关联机制。最后，本文归纳了X射线CT技术的核心优势与应用价值，展望了多表征联用、智能化分析、标准化与产业化落地的核心发展方向，为高安全长寿命电池的研发与产业应用提供理论与实践支撑。

Abstract

With the rapid iteration of new energy vehicles and portable energy storage devices

high-safety and long-cycle-life batteries have become the core of industrial research and development

while failure issues induced by internal defects constitute a key bottleneck restricting the upgrading of their performance. Traditional destructive testing fails to balance sample integrity and the capture of dynamic processes

and thus cannot meet the demand for accurate analysis of failure mechanisms

creating an urgent need for support from efficient non-destructive visualization technologies. This paper focuses on X-ray computed tomography (X-ray CT)

a high-precision non-destructive imaging technology

and elaborates on its application mechanism in battery failure analysis. Specifically

without damaging the battery

it presents the internal structure and defect status via 2D tomographic slices or 3D models

enabling the analysis of defects such as electrode interface delamination and active material agglomeration

as well as the accurate measurement of inner micro-scale dimensions. Meanwhile

it highlights the application of X-ray CT in failure detection for typical scenarios including lithium batteries (under overcharge

overdischarge

and high/low temperature operating conditions) and aqueous batteries (dendrite growth and gas evolution side reactions). By dynamically tracking the initiation and propagation of defects

the correlation mechanism between defect evolution and performance degradation is established. Finally

this paper summarizes the core advantages and application value of X-ray CT technology and prospects its core development directions including multi-modal characterization coupling

intelligent data analysis

standardization system construction and industrial application.

关键词

Keywords

references

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