钠离子电池含氟钒基磷酸盐正极研究进展

吕子龙; 张志豪; 白莹; 赵君梅

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2026.0142

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钠离子电池含氟钒基磷酸盐正极研究进展

储能材料与器件 | 更新时间：2026-07-28

- 钠离子电池含氟钒基磷酸盐正极研究进展
- Research progress on fluorine-containing vanadium-based phosphates for sodium-ion batteries
- 储能科学与技术 2026年15卷第7期页码：2518-2536
- 作者机构：
  
  1.中国科学院过程工程研究所，北京 100190
  2.河南大学物理与电子学院，河南开封 475004
  3.中国科学院大学，北京 100190
- 作者简介：
  
  吕子龙（2000—），男，硕士研究生，研究方向为聚阴离子钠离子电池正极，E-mail：18556994265@163.com
  张志豪（2002—），男，硕士研究生，研究方向为聚阴离子钠离子电池正极，E-mail：15936327378@163.com；
  赵君梅，研究员，研究方向为钠离子电池材料及器件，E-mail：jmzhao@ipe.ac.cn。
- 基金信息：
  
  中国科学院前瞻战略科技先导专项课题(XDA0400202)
- DOI：10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2026.0142
  中图分类号： TM 912;TK 02
- 收稿：2026-02-06，
  
  修回：2026-03-09，
  
  网络首发：2026-07-28，
  
  纸质出版：2026-07-28
- 稿件说明：
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吕子龙, 张志豪, 白莹, 等. 钠离子电池含氟钒基磷酸盐正极研究进展[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2026, 15(7): 2518-2536.

LYU Zilong, ZHANG Zhihao, BAI Ying, et al. Research progress on fluorine-containing vanadium-based phosphates for sodium-ion batteries[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2026, 15(7): 2518-2536.
吕子龙, 张志豪, 白莹, 等. 钠离子电池含氟钒基磷酸盐正极研究进展[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2026, 15(7): 2518-2536. DOI： 10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2026.0142.

LYU Zilong, ZHANG Zhihao, BAI Ying, et al. Research progress on fluorine-containing vanadium-based phosphates for sodium-ion batteries[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2026, 15(7): 2518-2536. DOI： 10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2026.0142.

摘要

推动钠离子电池（SIBs）产业化应用的核心在于开发兼具高性能与低成本的电极材料。正极作为成本与性能的关键决定因素，受到了研究者的广泛关注。其中，NASICON型钒基磷酸盐正极材料因其卓越的结构稳定性、快速的离子传导特性及适中的工作电压等综合优势，被视为最具应用潜力的正极体系之一，但是这类材料存在电子导电性差及成本偏高等问题。改善电子导电性的方法通常以包覆导电碳为主；降低成本

主要有以下几个方法：一是基于材料的分子设计，引入价格低廉的过渡金属离子掺杂，取代昂贵的V元素，从而降低材料物料清单（bill of materials，BOM）成本；二是提升该类材料的放电容量和工作电压，变相削弱较高的BOM成本带来的负面影响；其次就是改进材料的制备工艺，降低能耗，使得制备工艺简单化、绿色化。此外，引入电负性较强的氟元素（F），可有效提高平均工作电压，从而提升电池的能量密度。本文重点围绕具有高能量密度的含F钒基磷酸盐正极——Na

(VPO

)

（NVPF）、Na

(VOPO

)

F（NVOPF）（两者理论能量密度约470 Wh/kg）以及NaVPO

F（KTP-NVPF）（理论能量密度约550 Wh/kg），全面阐述其晶体结构储钠机制、可控制备方法，以及改性优化手段，通过对材料结构-合成-性能之间构效关系的总结，为面向规模储能领域的钠离子电池高能量密度聚阴离子正极材料的开发与工程化提供实践指导。

Abstract

Advancing the industrial application of sodium-ion batteries requires the development of electrode materials that offer both high performance and low cost. Cathodes are a key determinant of both cost and performance

attracting significant attention. NASICON-type vanadium phosphate cathode materials are among the most promising candidates due to their exceptional structural stability

rapid ion conductivity

and moderate operating voltage. However

these materials face challenges such as poor electronic conductivity and relatively high costs. To address the issue of electronic conductivity

one effective method is to coat the materials with conductive carbon. Cost reduction can be achieved through several strategies. First

molecular design can incorporate inexpensive transition metal ion doping to replace the costly vanadium (V)

thereby lowering the Bill of Materials (BOM) cost. Second

enhancing the discharge capacity and operating voltage of these materials can help mitigate the negative effects of high BOM costs. In addition

optimizing the preparation process can reduce energy consumption

simplifying and making the manufacturing process more environmentally friendly. Incorporating highly electronegative fluorine (F) can significantly increase the average operating voltage

enhancing the battery's energy density. This study focuses on high-energy-density fluorine-containing vanadium phosphate cathodes

(VPO

)

(NVPF)

(VOPO

)

F (NVOPF)

with a theoretical energy density of approximately 470 Wh/kg for both

and NaVPO

F (KTP-NVPF)

which has a theoretical energy density of approximately 550 Wh/kg. By summarizing the relationships among structure

synthesis

and performance

this work provides practical guidance for the development and engineering of high-energy-density polyanion cathode materials for sodium-ion batteries

particularly for large-scale energy storage applications.

关键词

Keywords

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