计及SoC均衡的分布式储能反馈线性化并网控制方法

柳劲松; 张凌宵; 柴炜; 刘舒; 薛花; 王育飞

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2026.0141

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计及SoC均衡的分布式储能反馈线性化并网控制方法

储能测试与评价 | 更新时间：2026-07-28

- 计及SoC均衡的分布式储能反馈线性化并网控制方法
- Feedback linearization control method of distributed energy storage grid-connected system considering SoC balance
- 储能科学与技术 2026年15卷第7期页码：2828-2846
- 作者机构：
  
  1.国网上海市电力公司，上海 200031
  2.上海电力大学，上海 200090
- 作者简介：
  
  柳劲松（1971—），男，博士，教授级高级工程师，研究方向为配微协同控制、分布式储能技术，E-mail：evdataanalysis@163.com。
- 基金信息：
  
  国家电网有限公司科技项目(520940250003)
- DOI：10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2026.0141
  中图分类号： TM 912
- 收稿：2026-02-06，
  
  修回：2026-03-25，
  
  网络首发：2026-07-28，
  
  纸质出版：2026-07-28
- 稿件说明：
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柳劲松, 张凌宵, 柴炜, 等. 计及SoC均衡的分布式储能反馈线性化并网控制方法[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2026, 15(7): 2828-2846.

LIU Jingsong, ZHANG Lingxiao, CHAI Wei, et al. Feedback linearization control method of distributed energy storage grid-connected system considering SoC balance[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2026, 15(7): 2828-2846.
柳劲松, 张凌宵, 柴炜, 等. 计及SoC均衡的分布式储能反馈线性化并网控制方法[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2026, 15(7): 2828-2846. DOI： 10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2026.0141.

LIU Jingsong, ZHANG Lingxiao, CHAI Wei, et al. Feedback linearization control method of distributed energy storage grid-connected system considering SoC balance[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2026, 15(7): 2828-2846. DOI： 10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2026.0141.

摘要

分布式储能因可有效抑制风光出力波动、提升可再生能源消纳率而在直流配网中得到广泛应用，但通常采用基于一致性的PI控制方法，稳定域较窄，当直流配网发生大幅不确定性扰动或通信链路中断故障，系统易失稳。为解决这一问题，本研究采用了分层控制方法。上层针对分布式储能强耦合、非线性特性，建立储能并网变换器李导数仿射模型，重构状态变量与控制变量映射关系，实现系统完全解耦变换；构建全局能量函数，通过对分布式储能动态能量主动整形，实现系统精确线性化变换，设计形式简单的反馈线性化控制律，可使各状态变量沿能量函数梯度方向快速收敛至期望工作点，确保系统全局渐近稳定。下层设计基于动态事件触发的储能荷电状态（state of charge，SoC）均衡控制方法，根据相邻节点储能SoC误差，自适应调节反馈线性化控制律增益，提升并网电压和电流期望轨迹跟踪快速性，降低一致性控制通信频次。基于dSPACE的实验结果表明：直流配网发生光伏与负载功率突变、参数摄动、时变通信时延和通信链路中断故障时，本研究所提方法能够实现分布式储能稳定协同控制、功率精确分配与SoC动态均衡。

Abstract

Distributed energy storage systems are widely employed in DC distribution networks because of their effectiveness in suppressing fluctuating renewable energy outputs and enhancing the overall rate of energy utilization. However

the traditional consensus-based PI control method has a narrow stability region; thus

the system is prone to instability under large

uncertain disturbances and during interruptions to communication links. To address this issue

a hierarchical control approach is used herein. At the second level

considering the strongly coupled and nonlinear characteristics of grid-connected converters for distributed energy storage

an affine model in the Lie derivative form is established. The mapping relationship between the state variables and control variables is reconstructed and complete decoupling transformation is achieved. By constructing a global energy function

the dynamic energy associated with distributed energy storage can be actively shaped. Exact linearization transformation is realized. A simple feedback linearization control law is sufficient for ensuring that all state variables rapidly converge toward the desired operating point along the gradient of the energy function. Global asymptotic stability is guaranteed. At the primary level

a method of balancing SoC control with a dynamic event-triggering mechanism is designed. The gain of the feedback linearization control law is adaptively adjusted based on neighboring SoC errors. The tracking speed of the grid-connected voltage and desired current trajectories increases

whereas the communication frequency in consensus-based control decreases. The experimental results obtained with dSPACE demonstrate that under test scenarios involving photovoltaic power fluctuations

load-step changes

parameter perturbations

time-varying communication delays

and communication-link interruption faults

the proposed method achieves stable cooperative control of distributed energy storage

accurate power allocation

and a dynamic SoC balance.

关键词

Keywords

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