GB 38031—2025《电动汽车用动力蓄电池安全要求》标准解读与分析

李峥玮; 牛萍健; 马天翼; 韩策; 郝维健

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2026.0074

您当前的位置：

首页 >

文章列表页 >

GB 38031—2025《电动汽车用动力蓄电池安全要求》标准解读与分析

储能标准与规范 | 更新时间：2026-07-28

- GB 38031—2025《电动汽车用动力蓄电池安全要求》标准解读与分析
- Interpretation and analysis of GB 38031—2025: Electric vehicles traction battery safety requirements
- 储能科学与技术 2026年15卷第7期页码：2938-2944
- 作者机构：
  
  中国汽车技术研究中心有限公司，天津 300300
- 作者简介：
  
  李峥玮（1998—），男，硕士，助理工程师，研究方向为动力电池标准化，E-mail：lizhengwei@catarc.ac.cn；
  郝维健，高级工程师，研究方向为新能源汽车动力电池标准化，E-mail：haoweijian@catarc.ac.cn。
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2026.0074
  中图分类号： TM 912.9
- 收稿：2026-01-26，
  
  修回：2026-04-22，
  
  网络首发：2026-07-28，
  
  纸质出版：2026-07-28
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
李峥玮, 牛萍健, 马天翼, 等. GB 38031—2025«电动汽车用动力蓄电池安全要求»标准解读与分析[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2026, 15(7): 2938-2944.

LI Zhengwei, NIU Pingjian, MA Tianyi, et al. Interpretation and analysis of GB 38031—2025: Electric vehicles traction battery safety requirements[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2026, 15(7): 2938-2944.
李峥玮, 牛萍健, 马天翼, 等. GB 38031—2025«电动汽车用动力蓄电池安全要求»标准解读与分析[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2026, 15(7): 2938-2944. DOI： 10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2026.0074.

LI Zhengwei, NIU Pingjian, MA Tianyi, et al. Interpretation and analysis of GB 38031—2025: Electric vehicles traction battery safety requirements[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2026, 15(7): 2938-2944. DOI： 10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2026.0074.

摘要

安全是动力电池产业发展的核心议题，更是新能源汽车推广的重要保障。近年来，我国新能源汽车保有量持续攀升，但动力电池热失控、机械损伤等引发的安全事故时有发生，原GB 38031—2020标准已难以完全适配当前行业实际应用需求。新版GB 38031—2025作为该领域的关键强制性标准，紧跟行业与技术发展，在规范动力电池产品质量、引导安全技术提升以及统一测试方法中发挥了重要作用。本文基于近年来电动汽车安全事故复盘案例、行业技术调研数据及国际法规融合趋势，对该标准进行系统性解读，重点分析了2025版本与2020版本之间的核心变化。研究发现，新版标准在测试项目上进行了重要扩充，新增了快充循环后安全测试和底部撞击测试，并进一步提高了热扩散测试要求。在技术内容上，标准进一步明确了适用范围，并在多项试验方法中实现了与UN R100、UN GTR 20等国际法规的深度协调。GB 38031—2025的发布为企业技术研发与产品检测提供了清晰依据，响应了行业对动力电池全场景安全的迫切需求，对提升电动汽车安全水平具有重要意义。

Abstract

Safety is a core issue in the development of the traction battery industry and is crucial for promoting new-energy vehicles. In recent years

the number of new-energy vehicles in China has continued to rise; nevertheless

safety incidents caused by thermal runaway

mechanical damage

and other failures of traction batteries occur occasionally. The original standard GB 38031—2020 can no longer fully satisfy the actual application needs of the industry. The updated GB 38031—2025

as a key mandatory standard in this field

keeps pace with industrial and technological advancements and plays a significant role in regulating the quality of traction battery products

guiding improvements in safety technology

and unifying testing methods. Based on a review of accident cases involving electric vehicles in recent years

industry technology research data

and trends in international regulatory harmonization

this article provides a systematic interpretation of the standard

focusing on the key changes between the 2025 and 2020 versions. The new version of the standard introduces important expansions in testing items

including newly added safety tests after fast-charging cycles and bottom impact tests

along with further enhanced requirements for thermal propagation testing. In terms of technical content

the standard clarifies its scope of application and achieves deeper alignment with international regulations such as UN R100 and UN GTR 20 in multiple test methods. The release of GB 38031—2025 provides clear guidelines for corporate technology research

development

and product testing

addresses the industry's urgent need for all-scenario safety of traction batteries

and is of great significance for improving the safety level of electric vehicles. This article employs a comparative analytical approach

combining case studies and regulatory analysis to elucidate the rationale and practical implications behind the revisions. Emphasis is placed on how the updated testing protocols address real-world failure modes

thereby fostering more robust battery designs and validation processes. Furthermore

the alignment with global standards is discussed in the context of facilitating access to international markets and promoting technological consistency across regions. The findings underscore the role of GB 38031—2025 not only as a regulatory tool but also as a catalyst for innovation in battery-safety engineering. By establishing more comprehensive and stringent evaluation benchmarks

the standard encourages manufacturers to adopt advanced materials

improved thermal management systems

and more reliable structural protections. Ultimately

the implementation of this standard is expected to strengthen consumer confidence

support the sustainable growth of the new-energy vehicle sector

and contribute to the broader objectives of transportation electrification and energy security.

关键词

Keywords

references

范柏余, 马乃锋, 石红, 等. 2024—2025年我国重点低碳政策对汽车行业影响分析及展望[J]. 汽车工业研究, 2025(4): 1-7. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1009-847X.2025.04.001.

FAN B Y, MA N F, SHI H, et al. Analysis and prospect of the impact of China's key low-carbon policies on automobile industry in 2024—2025[J]. Auto Industry Research, 2025(4): 1-7. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1009-847X.2025.04.001.

朱张玲, 王宇霆. 中国汽车标准体系的现状分析及未来展望[J]. 专用汽车, 2025(8): 1-5. DOI:10.19999/j.cnki.1004-0226.2025.08.001.

ZHU Z L, WANG Y T. Current status analgsis and prospects of China's automotive inspection standard[J]. Special Purpose Vehicle, 2025(8): 1-5. DOI:10.19999/j.cnki.1004-0226.2025. 08.001.

国家质量监督检验检疫总局, 中国国家标准化管理委员会. 电动汽车用动力蓄电池安全要求及试验方法: GB/T 31485—2015[S]. 北京: 中国标准出版社, 2015.General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China, Standardization Administration of the People's Republic of China. Safety requirements and test methods for traction battery of electric vehicle: GB/T 31485—2015[S]. Beijing: Standards Press of China, 2015.

国家质量监督检验检疫总局, 中国国家标准化管理委员会. 电动汽车用锂离子动力蓄电池包和系统第3部分:安全性要求与测试方法: GB/T 31467.3—2015[S]. 北京: 中国标准出版社, 2015.General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China, Standardization Administration of the People's Republic of China. Lithium-ion traction battery pack and system for electric vehicles: Part 3: Safety requirements and test methods: GB/T 31467.3—2015[S]. Beijing: Standards Press of China, 2015.

国家市场监督管理总局, 国家标准化管理委员会. 电动汽车用动力蓄电池安全要求: GB 38031—2020[S]. 北京: 中国标准出版社, 2020.State Administration for Market Regulation, Standardization Administration of the People's Republic of China. Electric vehicles traction battery safety requirements: GB 38031—2020[S]. Beijing: Standards Press of China, 2020.

单正竹, 单俊昊. 新能源汽车充电安全和火灾预防管理研究[J]. 汽车与安全, 2025(9): 64-67.

SHAN Z Z, SHAN J H. Research on charging safety and fire prevention management of new energy vehicles[J]. Auto & Safety, 2025(9): 64-67.

ZHAO Y L, KONG J, CAO Y M, et al. Mapping the evolution of new energy vehicle fire risk research: A comprehensive bibliometric analysis[J]. Fire, 2025, 8(10): 395. DOI:10.3390/fire8100395.

潘新锋, 邵长风, 王小燕. 车用锂电池热失控特性及其控制方法分析[J]. 时代汽车, 2024(17): 145-147. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1672-9668.2024.17.048.

PAN X F, SHAO C F, WANG X Y. Analysis of thermal runaway characteristics and control methods of automotive lithium batteries[J]. Auto Time, 2024(17): 145-147. DOI:10.3969/j.issn. 1672-9668.2024.17.048.

SONG B, CHENG Y B, ZHAO G G, et al. Sodium ion batteries: From basic research to industrialization[J]. Advanced Functional Materials, 2025, 35(51): e10872. DOI:10.1002/adfm.202510872.

裴宝有. 探析快充技术对锂电池性能的影响及优化措施[J]. 中国战略新兴产业, 2024(2): 104-106.

PEI B Y. Analysis on the influence of fast charging technology on the performance of lithium battery and its optimization measures[J]. China Strategic Emerging Industry, 2024(2): 104-106.

United Nations. Global technical regulation on electric vehicle safety[S]. Geneva: UNECE WP.29, 2018.

HAN Y Q, HU J. Research on the compression deformation response and failure analysis of power batteries in new energy vehicle collisions[J]. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 2025, 2932(1): 012004. DOI:10.1088/1742-6596/2932/1/012004.

SUN P Y, BISSCHOP R, NIU H C, et al. A review of battery fires in electric vehicles[J]. Fire Technology, 2020, 56(4): 1361-1410. DOI:10.1007/s10694-019-00944-3.

浏览量

938

下载量

CSCD

文章被引用时，请邮件提醒。

提交

工具集

关联资源

GB/T 31486—2024《电动汽车用动力蓄电池电性能要求及试验方法》标准解读与分析

GB/T 31467—2023《电动汽车用锂离子动力电池包和系统电性能试验方法》标准解读与分析

聚阴离子型钠离子电池热失控行为与燃烧特性研究

基于深度学习的电力系统负荷预测与储能系统优化调度策略研究

Na2CO3-CuO-Co3O4复合材料热化学储热温度调控与动力学研究