酸/碱处理对硅藻土微孔结构及硅藻土/CaCl<sub>2</sub>复合材料吸附储热性能影响研究

柯钫泷; 文健; 温涵; 胡章茂; 王唯; 宣艳妮; 曹文广

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2025.1097

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酸/碱处理对硅藻土微孔结构及硅藻土/CaCl₂复合材料吸附储热性能影响研究

储能材料与器件 | 更新时间：2026-07-13

- 酸/碱处理对硅藻土微孔结构及硅藻土/CaCl₂复合材料吸附储热性能影响研究
- Research on effects of acid/alkali treatment on microporous structure of diatomite and adsorption and heat storage performance of diatomite/CaCl₂ composite materials
- 储能科学与技术 2026年15卷第6期页码：2068-2078
- 作者机构：
  
  长沙理工大学能源与动力工程学院，湖南长沙 410114
- 作者简介：
  
  柯钫泷（2000—），男，硕士研究生，研究方向为热化学储热，E-mail：kflken@163.com；
  胡章茂，教授，硕士生导师，研究方向为高效传热传质技术，E-mail：huzhangmao@163.com。
- 基金信息：
  
  直吸式太阳能热化学反应器内太阳辐射传输调控及温度场优化研究(23A0263);受限空间内纳米流体非等温吸收CO2过程热质传递机理与调控方法研究(52306069)
- DOI：10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2025.1097
  中图分类号： TK 02
- 收稿：2025-12-10，
  
  修回：2025-12-28，
  
  纸质出版：2026-06-28
- 稿件说明：
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柯钫泷, 文健, 温涵, 等. 酸/碱处理对硅藻土微孔结构及硅藻土/CaCl₂复合材料吸附储热性能影响研究[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2026, 15(6): 2068-2078. DOI: 10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2025.1097.

KE Fanglong, WEN Jian, WEN Han, et al. Research on effects of acid/alkali treatment on microporous structure of diatomite and adsorption and heat storage performance of diatomite/CaCl₂ composite materials[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2026, 15(6): 2068-2078. DOI: 10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2025.1097.
柯钫泷, 文健, 温涵, 等. 酸/碱处理对硅藻土微孔结构及硅藻土/CaCl₂复合材料吸附储热性能影响研究[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2026, 15(6): 2068-2078. DOI: 10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2025.1097. DOI：

KE Fanglong, WEN Jian, WEN Han, et al. Research on effects of acid/alkali treatment on microporous structure of diatomite and adsorption and heat storage performance of diatomite/CaCl₂ composite materials[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2026, 15(6): 2068-2078. DOI: 10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2025.1097. DOI：

摘要

多孔基质的孔隙结构是决定水合盐热化学储热（TCS）材料性能的关键因素之一。本工作以天然硅藻土为基体，系统研究了酸洗和碱洗对其孔隙结构及硅藻土/CaCl

复合材料储热性能的影响。结果表明，酸洗通过溶解Al

等杂质，显著增加微孔和介孔数量，总孔体积最高提升了28.4%，比表面积最高提升了215.9%；而碱洗则因生成不溶性硅酸钠盐堵塞微孔，导致微孔消失、介孔减少，总孔体积最高降低了37.2%，比表面积最高降低了54.7%。相关性分析结果表明，硅藻土孔隙结构对硅藻土中盐的搭载量、复合材料的吸附和脱附性能都有着非常重要的影响。盐搭载量与孔隙结构中比表面积和总孔体积相关，在高浸渍溶液浓度下相关度达到最高。复合材料的吸附和脱附除了与盐的搭载量相关外，还与硅藻土孔隙结构有关。与原始硅藻土相比，酸洗硅藻土由于微孔和介孔的增加，为水汽提供了更多的通道，其CaCl

复合材料的吸附量最多提升了14.7%，高于盐搭载量的提升幅度；碱洗硅藻土/CaCl

复合材料则因微孔和介孔的减少而使得吸附量最多下降了4.7%，多于盐搭载量的下降幅度。储热性能方面，酸洗硅藻土复合材料在储热密度和循环稳定性上均优于原始硅藻土和碱洗硅藻土/CaCl

复合材料。

Abstract

Pore structure of porous matrices is a key factor determining the performance of thermochemical energy storage materials containing hydrated salts. In this study

natural diatomite was used as the matrix

and the effects of acid and alkali washing on its pore structure and the heat storage performance of diatomite/CaCl

composite materials were systematically investigated. Acid washing significantly increased the number of micropores and mesopores by dissolving impurities such as Al

with the total pore volume and specific surface area improved by up to 28.4% and 215.9%

respectively. In contrast

alkali washing led to the disappearance of micropores and a reduction in mesopores due to the formation of insoluble sodium silicate salts that blocked the micropores

resulting in a maximum decrease of 37.2% in the total pore volume and 54.7% in the specific surface area. Correlation analysis indicated that the pore structure of diatomite exerted a crucial influence on the salt loading capacity in diatomite and the adsorption and desorption properties of the composite materials. The salt loading capacity was correlated with the specific surface area and total pore volume of the pore structure

with the strongest correlation occurring at high impregnation solution concentrations. In addition to the salt loading capacity

the adsorption and desorption of the composite materials were related to the pore structure of diatomite. Compared with pristine diatomite

the acid-washed diatomite provided more channels for water vapor because of the increased number of micropores and mesopores

and the adsorption capacity of its CaCl

composite material was improved by up to 14.7%

which was higher than the increase in the salt loading capacity. In c

ontrast

the adsorption capacity of the alkali-washed diatomite/CaCl

composite materials decreased by up to 4.7% due to the reduced number of micropores and mesopores

which was greater than the decrease in the salt loading capacity. The acid-washed diatomite composite materials outperformed both the pristine diatomite and alkali-washed diatomite/CaCl

composite materials in terms of heat storage density and cycling stability.

关键词

Keywords

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酸/碱处理对硅藻土微孔结构及硅藻土/CaCl2复合材料吸附储热性能影响研究

Research on effects of acid/alkali treatment on microporous structure of diatomite and adsorption and heat storage performance of diatomite/CaCl2 composite materials

DOI：10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2025.1097

摘要

Abstract

关键词

Keywords

references

酸/碱处理对硅藻土微孔结构及硅藻土/CaCl₂复合材料吸附储热性能影响研究

Research on effects of acid/alkali treatment on microporous structure of diatomite and adsorption and heat storage performance of diatomite/CaCl₂ composite materials