锂离子电池可穿戴式柔性温度传感薄膜研究

迟贵东; 马仕豪; 安柏嘉; 何志祝; 周全

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2025.1055

您当前的位置：

首页 >

文章列表页 >

锂离子电池可穿戴式柔性温度传感薄膜研究

储能材料与器件 | 更新时间：2026-07-13

- 锂离子电池可穿戴式柔性温度传感薄膜研究
- Study on flexible temperature-sensing film for wearable monitoring of lithium-ion batteries
- 储能科学与技术 2026年15卷第6期页码：2079-2088
- 作者机构：
  
  中国农业大学工学院机械工程系，北京 100083
- 作者简介：
  
  迟贵东（2000—），男，硕士研究生，研究方向为智能传感与装备，E-mail：19862512980@163.com；
  周全，副教授，研究方向为清洁能源技术、热管理、智能传感等，E-mail：zhouquan@cau.edu.cn。
- 基金信息：
  
  北京市自然科学基金项目(L244041)
- DOI：10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2025.1055
  中图分类号： TM 912
- 收稿：2025-11-21，
  
  修回：2025-12-17，
  
  纸质出版：2026-06-28
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
迟贵东, 马仕豪, 安柏嘉, 等. 锂离子电池可穿戴式柔性温度传感薄膜研究[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2026, 15(6): 2079-2088.

CHI Guidong, MA Shihao, AN Bojia, et al. Study on flexible temperature-sensing film for wearable monitoring of lithium-ion batteries[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2026, 15(6): 2079-2088.
迟贵东, 马仕豪, 安柏嘉, 等. 锂离子电池可穿戴式柔性温度传感薄膜研究[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2026, 15(6): 2079-2088. DOI： 10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2025.1055.

CHI Guidong, MA Shihao, AN Bojia, et al. Study on flexible temperature-sensing film for wearable monitoring of lithium-ion batteries[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2026, 15(6): 2079-2088. DOI： 10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2025.1055.

摘要

多电池系统中各电池单元状态的精准监测是保障电池组整体性能与运行安全的关键前提。针对锂离子电池实际应用中因局部发热引发的安全隐患及性能衰退问题，本研究设计了一种低成本、高灵敏度、超薄可穿戴柔性温度传感薄膜。该传感器采用银基导电墨水作为温敏材料，通过丝网印刷技术在聚酰亚胺基底上制备电极图案，经低温烧结和聚二甲基硅氧烷封装后形成厚度仅41 μm的超薄柔性结构。利用恒温恒湿试验箱和精密源表搭建的标定平台测试表明，该传感薄膜在-20~80℃工作范围内灵敏度达

=0.035 Ω/℃，室温下线性拟合相关系数

=0.998，且具备优异的温度-电阻稳定性和制备重复性。本研究进一步建立了3×3电池模组的电化学-热耦合仿真模型，揭示了模组内部的温度梯度分布规律，发现中心电池温升始终高于周围电池，且温升与电流倍率呈显著正相关。基于仿真结果，将传感薄膜应用于方形单体电池和圆柱形模组的实时温度监测试验中。测试数据显示，传感器输出温度与电池端电压曲线呈现高度同步性，能够准确表征充放电过程、电流倍率变化以及不同运行阶段的产热特性，有效验证了其在多种电池构型中实施原位温度监测的可行性与可靠性。与传统热电偶相比，该传感薄膜在柔性适配、监测精度、成本控制及阵列化多点传感方面具有显著优势。本研究成果为锂离子电池系统的精细化热管理与安全预警提供了一种新的技术路径。

Abstract

A precise monitoring of individual cells in a multibattery system is essential for stable performance and operational safety. In this study

we develop a low-cost

high-sensitivity

ultrathin flexible temperature-sensing film to address local heating

safety risks

and performance degradation in lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). The sensor uses a silver-based conductive ink as the temperature-sensitive material. Electrodes are printed on a polyimide substrate via screen printing

followed by low-temperature sintering and polydimethylsiloxane encapsulation

producing a flexible structure with a 41-μm thickness. Calibration tests in a temperature-humidity chamber with a precision source meter demonstrate a sensitivity of 0.035 Ω/℃ over -20℃ to 80℃. The linear fitting at room temperature gives an R² of 0.998. The sensor also exhibits stable temperature-resistance characteristics and good fabrication repeatability. A coupled electrochemical-thermal model of a 3 × 3 battery module reveals the internal temperature gradient distribution. The central cells show a higher temperature increase than the peripheral cells

and the increase accelerates with discharge rate. Based on these results

the sensing film is applied to a prismatic cell and a cylindrical module for real-time temperature monitoring. The measured temperature follows the battery voltage curve with high consistency. The sensor captures the heat-generation behavior during charging and discharging

changes in current rate

and transitions between operating stages. Compared with traditional thermocouples

the sensing film has considerable advantages in terms of flexible adaptation

monitoring accuracy

cost control

and array deployment. These results confirm its feasibility and reliability for in situ temperature monitoring in various battery configurations. This study provides a new approach for refined thermal management and safety warning in LIB systems.

关键词

Keywords

references

ZHANG X Q, ZHAO C Z, HUANG J Q, et al. Recent advances in energy chemical engineering of next-generation lithium batteries[J]. Engineering, 2018, 4(6): 831-847. DOI:10.1016/j.eng.2018. 10.008.

杨续来, 袁帅帅, 杨文静, 等. 锂离子动力电池能量密度特性研究进展[J]. 机械工程学报, 2023, 59(6): 239-254.

YANG X L, YUAN S S, YANG W J, et al. Research progress on energy density of Li-ion batteries for EVs[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2023, 59(6): 239-254.

来鑫, 陈权威, 顾黄辉, 等. 面向 "双碳" 战略目标的锂离子电池生命周期评价: 框架、方法与进展[J]. 机械工程学报, 2022, 58(22): 3-18. DOI:10.3901/JME.2022.22.003.

LAI X, CHEN Q W, GU H H, et al. Life cycle assessment of lithium-ion batteries for carbon-peaking and carbon-neutrality: Framework, methods, and progress[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2022, 58(22): 3-18. DOI:10.3901/JME.2022.22.003.

WANG G W, GUO X F, CHEN J Y, et al. Safety performance and failure criteria of lithium-ion batteries under mechanical abuse[J]. Energies, 2023, 16(17): DOI:10.3390/en16176346.

NIE B S, DONG Y S, CHANG L. The evolution of thermal runaway parameters of lithium-ion batteries under different abuse conditions: A review[J]. Journal of Energy Storage, 2024, 96: 112624. DOI:10.1016/j.est.2024.112624.

XIONG R, SUN W Z, YU Q Q, et al. Research progress, challenges and prospects of fault diagnosis on battery system of electric vehicles[J]. Applied Energy, 2020, 279: 115855. DOI:10.1016/j.apenergy.2020.115855.

GU X, SHANG Y L, LI J L, et al. Early warning of thermal runaway based on state of safety for lithium-ion batteries[J]. Communications Engineering, 2025, 4: 106. DOI:10.1038/s44172-025-00442-1.

HOSSAIN LIPU M S, HANNAN M A, KARIM T F, et al. Intelligent algorithms and control strategies for battery management system in electric vehicles: Progress, challenges and future outlook[J]. Journal of Cleaner Production, 2021, 292: 126044. DOI:10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.126044.

WASEEM M, AHMAD M, PARVEEN A, et al. Battery technologies and functionality of battery management system for EVs: Current status, key challenges, and future prospectives[J]. Journal of Power Sources, 2023, 580: 233349. DOI:10.1016/j.jpowsour. 2023.233349.

KONG D P, LV H P, PING P, et al. A review of early warning methods of thermal runaway of lithium ion batteries[J]. Journal of Energy Storage, 2023, 64: 107073. DOI:10.1016/j.est.2023. 107073.

KIM J, SHIN J, CHUN C, et al. Stable configuration of a Li-ion series battery pack based on a screening process for improved voltage/SOC balancing[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, 2012, 27(1): 411-424. DOI:10.1109/TPEL.2011. 2158553.

LIU S Y, LI K, YU J. Battery pack condition monitoring and characteristic state estimation: Challenges, techniques, and future prospectives[J]. Journal of Energy Storage, 2025, 105:114 446. DOI:10.1016/j.est.2024.114446.

LADPLI P, KOPSAFTOPOULOS F, CHANG F K. Estimating state of charge and health of lithium-ion batteries with guided waves using built-in piezoelectric sensors/actuators[J]. Journal of Power Sources, 2018, 384: 342-354. DOI:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2018. 02.056.

GOLD L, BACH T, VIRSIK W, et al. Probing lithium-ion batteries' state-of-charge using ultrasonic transmission-concept and laboratory testing[J]. Journal of Power Sources, 2017, 343: 536-544. DOI:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2017.01.090.

MENG K P, CHEN X P, ZHANG W, et al. A robust ultrasonic characterization methodology for lithium-ion batteries on frequency-domain damping analysis[J]. Journal of Power Sources, 2022, 547: 232003. DOI:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2022. 232003.

YANG G, LEITÃO C, LI Y H, et al. Real-time temperature measurement with fiber Bragg sensors in lithium batteries for safety usage[J]. Measurement, 2013, 46(9): 3166-3172. DOI:10.1016/j.measurement.2013.05.027.

NASCIMENTO M, FERREIRA M S, PINTO J L. Real time thermal monitoring of lithium batteries with fiber sensors and thermocouples: A comparative study[J]. Measurement, 2017, 111: 260-263. DOI:10.1016/j.measurement.2017.07.049.

NASCIMENTO M, FERREIRA M S, PINTO J L. Temperature fiber sensing of Li-ion batteries under different environmental and operating conditions[J]. Applied Thermal Engineering, 2019, 149: 1236-1243. DOI:10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2018.12.135.

JIA T, ZHANG Y, MA C Y, et al. The early warning for overcharge thermal runaway of lithium-ion batteries based on a composite parameter[J]. Journal of Power Sources, 2023, 555: 232393. DOI:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2022.232393.

HU X R, JIANG Z L, YAN L Q, et al. Real-time visualized battery health monitoring sensor with piezoelectric/pyroelectric poly (vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene) and thin film transistor array by in-situ poling[J ] . Journal of Power Sources, 2020, 467: 228367. DOI:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2020.228367.

BREE G, HAO H Q, STOEVA Z, et al. Monitoring state of charge and volume expansion in lithium-ion batteries: An approach using surface mounted thin-film graphene sensors[J]. RSC Advances, 2023, 13(10): 7045-7054.

DANKOCO M D, TESFAY G Y, BENEVENT E, et al. Temperature sensor realized by inkjet printing process on flexible substrate[J]. Materials Science and Engineering: B, 2016, 205: 1-5. DOI:10.1016/j.mseb.2015.11.003.

YAN Z Y, LIU J Y, NIU J R. Research of a novel Ag temperature sensor based on fabric substrate fabricated by magnetron sputtering[J]. Materials, 2021, 14(20): DOI:10.3390/ma14206014.

BARMPAKOS D, TSAMIS C, KALTSAS G. Multi-parameter paper sensor fabricated by inkjet-printed silver nanoparticle ink and PEDOT: PSS[J]. Microelectronic Engineering, 2020, 225: 111266. DOI:10.1016/j.mee.2020.111266.

YANG J, WEI D P, TANG L L, et al. Wearable temperature sensor based on graphene nanowalls[J]. RSC Advances, 2015, 5(32): 25609-25615.

DAVAJI B, CHO H D, MALAKOUTIAN M, et al. A patterned single layer graphene resistance temperature sensor[J]. Scientific Reports, 2017, 7: 8811. DOI:10.1038/s41598-017-08967-y.

HARADA S, KANAO K, YAMAMOTO Y, et al. Fully printed flexible fingerprint-like three-axis tactile and slip force and temperature sensors for artificial skin[J]. ACS Nano, 2014, 8(12): 12851-12857.

KONG D, LE L T, LI Y, et al. Temperature-dependent electrical properties of graphene inkjet-printed on flexible materials[J]. Langmuir, 2012, 28(37): 13467-13472. DOI:10.1021/la301775d.

董晨晖, 杨斌, 乔志军, 等. 功率型锂离子电池的热特性分析与优化[J]. 电工电能新技术, 2025, 44(4): 60-69. DOI:10.12067/ATEEE2309009.

DONG C H, YANG B, QIAO Z J, et al. Thermal characteristics analysis and optimization of power lithium-ion battery[J]. Advanced Technology of Electrical Engineering and Energy, 2025, 44(4): 60-69. DOI:10.12067/ATEEE2309009.

刘辉, 王佳, 赵晶, 等. 大容量储能电池产热行为特性及容量衰减研究[J]. 化工学报, 2025, 76(9): 4903-4912. DOI:10.11949/0438-1157.20250076.

LIU H, WANG J, ZHAO J, et al. Research on heat generation behavior and capacity attenuation of large capacity energy storage battery[J]. CIESC Journal, 2025, 76(9): 4903-4912. DOI:10.11949/0438-1157.20250076.

浏览量

下载量

CSCD

文章被引用时，请邮件提醒。

提交

工具集

关联资源

大数据支持下化学储能网络安全问题分析

锂离子电池阳极危害性析锂原位检测综述

储能锂离子电池高温诱发热失控特性研究

大数据技术在大规模储能电池管理系统中的应用

肋部嵌有多孔材料的PEMFC流场设计及多工况实验