高温固体颗粒储热材料的研究进展

邓一蕾; 宋国良

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2025.0945

您当前的位置：

首页 >

文章列表页 >

高温固体颗粒储热材料的研究进展

储能材料与器件 | 更新时间：2026-04-29

- 高温固体颗粒储热材料的研究进展
- Advances in research on solid particle heat storage materials
- 储能科学与技术 2026年15卷第4期页码：1249-1263
- 作者机构：
  
  1.中国科学院工程热物理研究所煤炭高效低碳利用全国重点实验室，北京 100190
  2.中国科学院大学，北京 100049
- 作者简介：
  
  邓一蕾（2002—），女，硕士研究生，研究方向为高温固体颗粒储热材料，E-mail：dengyilei@iet.cn；
  宋国良，研究员，研究方向为循环流化床锅炉深度灵活调峰技术，E-mail：songgl@iet.cn。
- 基金信息：
  
  中国科学院战略性先导科技专项课题(XDA29010100)
- DOI：10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2025.0945
  中图分类号： TK 02
- 收稿：2025-10-23，
  
  修回：2025-11-23，
  
  纸质出版：2026-04-28
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
邓一蕾, 宋国良. 高温固体颗粒储热材料的研究进展[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2026, 15(4): 1249-1263.

DENG Yilei, SONG Guoliang. Advances in research on solid particle heat storage materials[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2026, 15(4): 1249-1263.
邓一蕾, 宋国良. 高温固体颗粒储热材料的研究进展[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2026, 15(4): 1249-1263. DOI： 10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2025.0945.

DENG Yilei, SONG Guoliang. Advances in research on solid particle heat storage materials[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2026, 15(4): 1249-1263. DOI： 10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2025.0945.

摘要

固体颗粒储热因高稳定性和低成本在储热领域中展现出强大的应用潜力，而储热材料是储热系统的核心，其比热容、导热率等性能直接影响系统效率与应用前景。当前储热材料面临着与系统适配性差、成本与性能兼顾不佳等问题，这是阻碍固体颗粒储热大规模工程化应用的因素之一。本文围绕当前能源领域对高效储热技术的迫切需求，首先综述了国内外常用的固体颗粒储热材料、其基础性能参数及主要评价指标，然后着重介绍了固体颗粒储热材料在电加热、烟气加热和蒸汽加热中的应用，包括在这3个应用中对固体颗粒储热材料性能的差异化需求、当前常用的材料类型，以及近年来国内外在各个温度范围内的应用案例，应用中存在的问题、目前面临的挑战。随后分析了目前常用的材料优化改性方法，主要介绍了成分改性和表面处理两种方法，这两种方法均能根据实际需求有效弥补材料的性能短板。最后结合当前需求展望了储热材料的未来发展方向，为固体颗粒储热材料的设计、性能优化与工程化应用提供全面且具有指导性的参考。

Abstract

Solid particle thermal storage exhibits great application potential in the thermal storage field due to its high stability and low cost. As the core of thermal storage systems

thermal storage material properties

such as specific heat capacity and thermal conductivity

directly affect system efficiency and application prospects. Currently

thermal storage materials face issues such as poor compatibility with systems and challenges balancing cost and performance

which hinder the large-scale engineering application of solid particle thermal storage. Focusing on the urgent demand for high-efficiency thermal storage technologies in the current energy sector

this paper first reviews commonly used solid particle thermal storage materials

domestic and abroad

along with their basic performance parameters and main evaluation indicators. Subsequently

it emphasizes the applications of these materials in electric heating

flue gas heating

and steam heating

including the differentiated performance requirements for materials in three scenarios

commonly used material types

recent domestic and international application cases in various temperature ranges

and existing problems and ongoing challenges in applications. Subsequently

the paper analyzes commonly used material optimization and modification methods

mainly introducing component modification and surface treatment

both of which can effectively make up for the performance shortcomings of materials according to actual needs. Finally

combined with current demands

it outlines the future development directions of thermal storage materials

providing comprehensive guidance for the design

performance optimization

and engineering application of solid particle thermal storage materials.

关键词

Keywords

references

ZHANG C C, LIN B Q. Impact of introducing Chinese certified emission reduction scheme to the carbon market: Promoting renewable energy[J]. Renewable Energy, 2024, 222: 119887. DOI:10.1016/j.renene.2023.119887.

李洪兵, 刘琴, 韩咪, 等. 我国能源消费结构变动趋势预测[J]. 中国矿业, 2025, 34(8): 16-25. DOI:10.12075/j.issn.1004-4051.20242135.

LI H B, LIU Q, HAN M, et al. Predictions of the trends of China's energy consumption structure[J]. China Mining Magazine, 2025, 34(8): 16-25. DOI:10.12075/j.issn.1004-4051.20242135.

ALVA G, LIU L K, HUANG X, et al. Thermal energy storage materials and systems for solar energy applications[J]. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2017, 68: 693-706. DOI:10.1016/j.rser.2016.10.021.

ANEKE M, WANG M H. Energy storage technologies and real life applications—A state of the art review[J]. Applied Energy, 2016, 179: 350-377. DOI:10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.06.097.

SHEN Z W, RITTER M. Forecasting volatility of wind power production[J]. Applied Energy, 2016, 176: 295-308. DOI:10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.05.071.

ZHANG H L, BAEYENS J, CÁCERES G, et al. Thermal energy storage: Recent developments and practical aspects[J]. Progress in Energy and Combustion Science, 2016, 53: 1-40. DOI:10.1016/j.pecs.2015.10.003.

QIN Y L, LIU T X, LI P J, et al. New hybrid CHP system integrating solar energy and exhaust heat thermochemical synergistic conversion with dual-source energy storage[J]. Journal of Thermal Science, 2024, 33(3): 970-984. DOI:10.1007/s11630-024-1906-3.

DE ROSA M, AFANASEVA O, FEDYUKHIN A V, et al. Prospects and characteristics of thermal and electrochemical energy storage systems[J]. Journal of Energy Storage, 2021, 44: 103443. DOI:10.1016/j.est.2021.103443.

TAO Y B, LIN C H, HE Y L. Effect of surface active agent on thermal properties of carbonate salt/carbon nanomaterial composite phase change material[J]. Applied Energy, 2015, 156: 478-489. DOI:10.1016/j.apenergy.2015.07.058.

LI Q, CONG L, ZHANG X S, et al. Fabrication and thermal properties investigation of aluminium based composite phase change material for medium and high temperature thermal energy storage[J]. Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells, 2020, 211: 110511. DOI:10.1016/j.solmat.2020.110511.

ALVA G, LIN Y X, FANG G Y. An overview of thermal energy storage systems[J]. Energy, 2018, 144: 341-378. DOI:10.1016/j.energy.2017.12.037.

DA Y, ZHOU J L. Multi-doping strategy modified calcium-based materials for improving the performance of direct solar-driven calcium looping thermochemical energy storage[J]. Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells, 2022, 238: 111613. DOI:10.1016/j.solmat.2022.111613.

SHARMA A, TYAGI V V, CHEN C R, et al. Review on thermal energy storage with phase change materials and applications[J]. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2009, 13(2): 318-345. DOI:10.1016/j.rser.2007.10.005.

ORÓ E, DE GRACIA A, CASTELL A, et al. Review on phase change materials (PCMs) for cold thermal energy storage applications[J]. Applied Energy, 2012, 99: 513-533. DOI:10.1016/j.apenergy.2012.03.058.

GE Z W, LI Y L, LI D C, et al. Thermal energy storage: Challenges and the role of particle technology[J]. Particuology, 2014, 15: 2-8. DOI:10.1016/j.partic.2014.03.003.

JIANG Z, LI X Y, JIN Y, et al. Particle technology in the formulation and fabrication of thermal energy storage materials[J]. Chemie Ingenieur Technik, 2023, 95(1/2): 40-58. DOI:10.1002/cite.202200113.

CHUNG K M, ZENG J, ADAPA S R, et al. Measurement and analysis of thermal conductivity of ceramic particle beds for solar thermal energy storage[J]. Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells, 2021, 230: 111271. DOI:10.1016/j.solmat.2021.111271.

SCHWAIGER K, HAIDER M, HÄMMERLE M, et al. sandTES-an active thermal energy storage system based on the fluidization of powders[J]. Energy Procedia, 2014, 49: 983-992. DOI:10.1016/j.egypro.2014.03.106.

MA Z W, GLATZMAIER G, MEHOS M. Fluidized bed technology for concentrating solar power with thermal energy storage[J]. Journal of Solar Energy Engineering, 2014, 136(3): 031014. DOI:10.1115/1.4027262.

TOULOUKIAN Y S, JUDD W R, ROY R F. Physical properties of rocks and minerals[M]. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1981.

SIEGEL N P, GROSS M D, COURY R. The development of direct absorption and storage media for falling particle solar central receivers[J]. Journal of Solar Energy Engineering, 2015, 137(4): 041003. DOI:10.1115/1.4030069.

GRANTA DESIGN LIMITED. CES Selector 2018[CP ] . Cambridge: Granta Design Limited, 2018.

ORTEGA I, FAIK A, GIL A, et al. Thermo-physical properties of a steel-making by-product to be used as thermal energy storage material in a packed-bed system[J]. Energy Procedia, 2015, 69: 968-977. DOI:10.1016/j.egypro.2015.03.180.

ORTEGA-FERNÁNDEZ I, CALVET N, GIL A, et al. Thermophysical characterization of a by-product from the steel industry to be used as a sustainable and low-cost thermal energy storage material[J]. Energy, 2015, 89: 601-609. DOI:10.1016/j.energy.2015.05.153.

WANG Y Z, WANG Y, LI H P, et al. Thermal properties and friction behaviors of slag as energy storage material in concentrate solar power plants[J]. Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells, 2018, 182: 21-29. DOI:10.1016/j.solmat.2018.03.020.

王凯音, 桑丽霞, 刘建峰. 陶粒砂的储热性能及光吸收改性研究[J]. 工程热物理学报, 2023, 44(1): 25-30.

WANG K Y, SANG L X, LIU J F. Study on thermal storage performance and solar absorptance modification of ceramsite sand[J]. Journal of Engineering Thermophysics, 2023, 44(1): 25-30.

侯宗臣. 新型改性固体高温显热蓄热材料的制备与性能研究[D]. 杭州: 浙江大学, 2023.

HAN Y, SONG G L, TAN R Z, et al. Characterization research of solid wastes as high-temperature solid particle thermal energy storage materials[J]. Journal of Energy Storage, 2025, 133: 117989. DOI:10.1016/j.est.2025.117989.

BAUMANN T, ZUNFT S. Properties of granular materials as heat transfer and storage medium in CSP application[J]. Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells, 2015, 143: 38-47. DOI:10.1016/j.solmat.2015.06.037.

PALACIOS A, CALDERÓN A, BARRENECHE C, et al. Study on solar absorptance and thermal stability of solid particles materials used as TES at high temperature on different aging stages for CSP applications[J]. Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells, 2019, 201: 110088. DOI:10.1016/j.solmat.2019.110088.

DIAGO M, INIESTA A C, SOUM-GLAUDE A, et al. Characterization of desert sand to be used as a high-temperature thermal energy storage medium in particle solar receiver technology[J]. Applied Energy, 2018, 216: 402-413. DOI:10.1016/j.apenergy.2018.02.106.

DIAGO M, INIESTA A C, DELCLOS T, et al. Characterization of desert sand for its feasible use as thermal energy storage medium[J]. Energy Procedia, 2015, 75: 2113-2118. DOI:10.1016/j.egypro.2015.07.333.

DAVENPORT P, MA Z W, SCHIRCK J, et al. Characterization of solid particle candidates for application in thermal energy storage and concentrating solar power systems[J]. Solar Energy, 2023, 262: 111908. DOI:10.1016/j.solener.2023.111908.

CAHILL D G, FORD W K, GOODSON K E, et al. Nanoscale thermal transport[J]. Journal of Applied Physics, 2003, 93(2): 793-818. DOI:10.1063/1.1524305.

KANG Q, FLAMANT G, DEWIL R, et al. Particles in a circulation loop for solar energy capture and storage[J]. Particuology, 2019, 43: 149-156. DOI:10.1016/j.partic.2018.01.009.

SANG L X, WANG K Y, ZHANG R, et al. Effective thermal conductivity and thermal cycling stability of solid particles for sCO 2 CSP applications[J ] . Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells, 2022, 242: 111764. DOI:10.1016/j.solmat.2022.111764.

LAO X B, XU X H, WU J F, et al. Effect of silicon on properties of Al 2 O 3 -SiC w composite ceramics in-situ synthesized by aluminium-assisted carbothermal reduction of coal series Kaolin for solar thermal storage[J ] . Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 2017, 692: 825-832. DOI:10.1016/j.jallcom.2016.09.107.

LOPEZ FERBER N, PHAM MINH D, FALCOZ Q, et al. Ceramics from municipal waste incinerator bottom ash and wasted clay for sensible heat storage at high temperature[J]. Waste and Biomass Valorization, 2020, 11(6): 3107-3120. DOI:10.1007/s12649-019-00617-w.

KNOTT R C, SADOWSKI D L, JETER S M, et al. High temperature durability of solid particles for use in particle heating concentrator solar power systems[C/OL]. Boston: American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. https://doi.org/10.1115/ES2014-6586.

BORDIA R K, KANG S L, OLEVSKY E A. Current understanding and future research directions at the onset of the next century of sintering science and technology[J]. Journal of the American Ceramic Society, 2017, 100(6): 2314-2352. DOI:10.1111/jace.14919.

ZHANG H L, DEGRÈVE J, BAEYENS J, et al. Powder attrition in gas fluidized beds[J]. Powder Technology, 2016, 287: 1-11. DOI:10.1016/j.powtec.2015.08.052.

CHUNG K M, CHEN R K. Black coating of quartz sand towards low-cost solar-absorbing and thermal energy storage material for concentrating solar power[J]. Solar Energy, 2023, 249: 98-106. DOI:10.1016/j.solener.2022.11.028.

吴金钟. 基于表面涂覆的固体颗粒高温辐射吸收性能改性研究[D]. 北京: 华北电力大学, 2023.WU J Z. Research on modification of high temperature radiation absorption properties of solid particles based on surface coating[D]. Beijing: North China Electric Power University, 2023.

刘建峰. 固体颗粒的光吸收及高温储热特性的实验研究[D]. 北京: 北京工业大学, 2021.LIU J F. Experimental study on light absorption and high temperature heat storage characteristics of solid particles[D]. Beijing: Beijing University of Technology, 2021.

赵頔, 王启民. 基于ANSYS分析的蓄热砖蓄热特性数值模拟及实验研究[J]. 沈阳工程学院学报(自然科学版), 2020, 16(2): 34-38. DOI:10.13888/j.cnki.jsie(ns).2020.02.008.

ZHAO D, WANG Q M. Numerical simulation and experimental study on thermal storage characteristics of thermal storage brick based on ANSYS analysis[J]. Journal of Shenyang Institute of Engineering (Natural Science), 2020, 16(2): 34-38. DOI:10.13888/j.cnki.jsie(ns).2020.02.008.

张鑫, 邢作霞, 付启桐, 等. 采用感应加热的固体电热储能装置多物理场[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2023, 12(12): 3761-3769. DOI:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2023.0662.

ZHANG X, XING Z X, FU Q T, et al. Multiphysics study of induction heating for solid electric heat storage devices[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2023, 12(12): 3761-3769. DOI:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2023.0662.

ENGINEERING TOOLBOX. Specific heat of solids[EB/OL]. [2025-07-02]. https://www.engineeringtoolbox.com/specific-heat-solids-d_154.html.

MA Z W, WANG X C, DAVENPORT P, et al. System and component development for long-duration energy storage using particle thermal energy storage[J]. Applied Thermal Engineering, 2022, 216: 119078. DOI:10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2022.119078.

吴建锋, 方斌正, 徐晓虹, 等. 太阳能热发电用堇青石-莫来石储热陶瓷的研制[J]. 太阳能学报, 2015, 36(6): 1312-1317. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.0254-0096.2015.06.005.

WU J F, FANG B Z, XU X H, et al. Preparation of cordierite-mullite heat storage ceramics for solar thermal power generation[J]. Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica, 2015, 36(6): 1312-1317. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.0254-0096.2015.06.005.

陈久林, 薛晓迪, 王丽, 等. 基于中高温烟气余热回收的固体显热储热装置热性能实验研究[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2025, 14(8): 3185-3193.

CHEN J L, XUE X D, WANG L, et al. Experimental investigation of thermal performance in a solid sensible heat storage device for medium-high-temperature flue gas waste heat recovery[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2025, 14(8): 3185-3193.

刘晨龙, 朱博, 钟雨欣, 等. 一种基于电石渣的烟气脱碳-储热-发电-制氢系统及操作方法: CN118807407A[P]. 2024-10-22.

杭州圣钘能源有限公司. 一种烟气加热储能固体颗粒装置: 202211435448.7[P]. 2023-04-04.

王雪松, 李朝祥, 王耀卿. 高铝质陶瓷蓄热材料的研究开发[J]. 冶金能源, 2004, 23(3): 39-41.

WANG X S, LI C X, WANG Y Q. Exploitation and research on the high alumina ceramic regenerative material[J]. Energy for Metallurgical Industry, 2004, 23(3): 39-41.

OPILA E J. Oxidation and volatilization of silica formers in water vapor[J]. Journal of the American Ceramic Society, 2003, 86(8): 1238-1248. DOI:10.1111/j.1151-2916.2003.tb03459.x.

闫百涛, 刘冠杰. 固体储热与燃煤发电系统耦合的数值模拟分析[J]. 工业加热, 2020, 49(5): 29-33. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-1639.2020.05.007.

YAN B T, LIU G J. Numerical simulation and analysis of coupling solid heat storage with coal-fired power generation system[J]. Industrial Heating, 2020, 49(5): 29-33. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-1639.2020.05.007.

张显荣, 徐玉杰, 杨立军, 等. 多类型火电-储热耦合系统性能分析与比较[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2021, 10(5): 1565-1578. DOI:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2021.0347.

ZHANG X R, XU Y J, YANG L J, et al. Performance analysis and comparison of multi-type thermal power-heat storage coupling systems[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2021, 10(5): 1565-1578. DOI:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2021.0347.

周霞, 李建锋, 周宏, 等. 耦合蒸汽压缩与储热的燃煤热电联产机组调峰性能研究[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2025, 45(1): 194-205, I0016.

ZHOU X, LI J F, ZHOU H, et al. Research on peak shaving performance of coal-fired cogeneration unit coupled with vapor compression and heat storage[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2025, 45(1): 194-205, I0016.

CHRISTEN C E, GÓMEZ-HERNÁNDEZ J, OTANICAR T P. Bimodal particle distributions with increased thermal conductivity for solid particles as heat transfer media and storage materials[J]. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 2022, 184: 122250. DOI:10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2021.122250.

STOUT D, KANDADAI N, OTANICAR T P. Experimental and numerical investigation of bimodal particle distributions for enhanced thermal conductivity in particle based concentrating solar power applications[J]. Solar Energy, 2023, 263: 111992. DOI:10.1016/j.solener.2023.111992.

DU J W, GAO Y, WU J Z, et al. Physical property design of multi-component particle systems as heat transfer medium for directly irradiated solar receiver[J]. Applied Thermal Engineering, 2023, 219: 119470. DOI:10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2022.119470.

WANG J L, HUANG Y. Exploration of steel slag for thermal energy storage and enhancement by Na 2 CO 3 modification[J ] . Journal of Cleaner Production, 2023, 395: 136289. DOI:10.1016/j.jclepro.2023.136289.

BHASKAR S, BAROUTIAN S, JONES M I, et al. Plasma spraying of transition metal oxide coatings[J]. Surface Engineering, 2021, 37(7): 875-889. DOI:10.1080/02670844. 2021.1886655.

GARCÍA-PLAZA J, DÍAZ-HERAS M, MONDRAGÓN R, et al. Experimental study of different coatings on silica sand in a directly irradiated fluidised bed: Thermal behaviour and cycling analysis[J]. Applied Thermal Engineering, 2022, 217: 119169. DOI:10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2022.119169.

GIMENO-FURIO A, HERNANDEZ L, MARTINEZ-CUENCA R, et al. New coloured coatings to enhance silica sand absorbance for direct particle solar receiver applications[J]. Renewable Energy, 2020, 152: 1-8. DOI:10.1016/j.renene.2020.01.053.

TREVISAN S, WANG W J, ZHAO X Y, et al. A study of metallic coatings on ceramic particles for thermal emissivity control and effective thermal conductivity enhancement in packed bed thermal energy storage[J]. Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells, 2022, 234: 111458. DOI:10.1016/j.solmat.2021.111458.

RODRÍGUEZ J B, MAJÓ M, MONDRAGÓN R, et al. Experimental evaluation of carbon-coated sand as solar-absorbing and thermal energy storage media for concentrated solar power applications[J]. Applied Thermal Engineering, 2025, 269: 126082. DOI:10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2025.126082.

TREVISAN S, WANG W J, LAUMERT B. A high-temperature thermal stability and optical property study of inorganic coatings on ceramic particles for potential thermal energy storage applications[J]. Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells, 2022, 239: 111679. DOI:10.1016/j.solmat.2022.111679.

FARCHADO M, SAN VICENTE G, BARANDICA N, et al. Performance improvement of CSP particle receivers by depositing spinel absorber coatings[J]. Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells, 2024, 266: 112681. DOI:10.1016/j.solmat. 2023.112681.

DU J W, ZHANG X Y, ZHANG D, et al. High-temperature solar energy absorption enhancement of mixed-phase core-shell spherical Al-based composite particles[J]. Applied Thermal Engineering, 2025, 259: 124934. DOI:10.1016/j.applthermaleng. 2024.124934.

浏览量

下载量

CSCD

文章被引用时，请邮件提醒。

提交

工具集

关联资源

热泵与电加热耦合的卡诺电池电转热过程建模与性能研究

通气管通电内加热钙基热化学储热直接式固定床仿真研究

电热相变储能系统的动态储热性能评价

锂离子电池过渡金属氧化物负极材料研究进展