全钒液流电池用电化学活化碳毡的制备及性能研究

董锋洋; 王彪

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2025.0804

您当前的位置：

首页 >

文章列表页 >

全钒液流电池用电化学活化碳毡的制备及性能研究

储能材料与器件 | 更新时间：2026-05-28

- 全钒液流电池用电化学活化碳毡的制备及性能研究
- Preparation and performance evaluation of electrochemically activated carbon felt in all-vanadium redox flow batteries
- 储能科学与技术 2026年15卷第2期页码：382-390
- 作者机构：
  
  东华大学先进纤维材料全国重点实验室，材料科学与工程学院，上海 201620
- 作者简介：
  
  董锋洋（2001—），男，硕士研究生，研究方向为全钒液流电池电极材料，E-mail：dfy1926@163.com；
  王彪，研究员，研究方向为清洁能源膜材料的设计、制备及应用，E-mail：wbiao2000@dhu.edu.cn。
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2025.0804
  中图分类号： TM 911
- 收稿：2025-09-08，
  
  修回：2025-09-26，
  
  纸质出版：2026-02-28
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
董锋洋, 王彪. 全钒液流电池用电化学活化碳毡的制备及性能研究[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2026, 15(2): 382-390.

DONG Fengyang, WANG Biao. Preparation and performance evaluation of electrochemically activated carbon felt in all-vanadium redox flow batteries[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2026, 15(2): 382-390.
董锋洋, 王彪. 全钒液流电池用电化学活化碳毡的制备及性能研究[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2026, 15(2): 382-390. DOI： 10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2025.0804.

DONG Fengyang, WANG Biao. Preparation and performance evaluation of electrochemically activated carbon felt in all-vanadium redox flow batteries[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2026, 15(2): 382-390. DOI： 10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2025.0804.

摘要

全钒液流电池(VRFB)作为电网调峰的关键储能技术，其在高电流密度下的能量效率与倍率性能受限。本研究开发了一种高效电化学活化策略：通过在0.1 mol/L NH

溶液中施加10 V正电压处理原始碳毡(P-CF)，成功制备了电化学活化碳毡(E-CF)。通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、接触角测试、拉曼光谱(Raman)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)等表征，对原始碳毡和电化学活化碳毡的表面形貌、元素组成、浸润性能等进行对比分析。结果表明：①经电化学活化处理后，E-CF的整体纤维骨架保持完整，但其表面形成了蚀刻区域，并呈现出均匀分布的微裂纹结构。②活化后的碳毡表面引入丰富含氧官能团(O/C原子比从5.14%提升至28.94%)，实现超亲水表面转变(接触角从134.1°降至0°)。电化学测试表明：①E-CF的电荷转移电阻显著降低，提升钒离子反应动力学；②由E-CF组装的单电池在200 mA/cm

下获得73.54%电压效率和70.56%能量效率；③电流密度从200 mA/cm

回调至80 mA/cm

后，E-CF组装的单电池的容量保持率

80%。与常规处理工艺相比，本方法具有处理时间短、操作简便、环境友好和成本低廉的优势。

Abstract

Vanadium redox flow batteries are vital energy storage technologies for grid peak shaving. However

their energy efficiency and rate capability at high current densities remain limited. Herein

we developed an efficient electrochemical activation strategy in which pristine carbon felt (P-CF) was treated at 10 V in a 0.1 mol/L NH

solution to produce electrochemically activated carbon felt (E-CF). Comparative analyses of surface morphology

elemental composition

and wettability between P-CF and E-CF were performed using scanning electron microscopy

contact angle measurements

Raman spectroscopy

and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The results reveal that (1) E-CF preserves its integral fiber framework while developing etched regions

and (2) abundant oxygen-containing functional groups are introduced

increasing the O/C atomic ratio from 5.14% to 28.94% and transforming the surface to superhydrophilic

as shown by the contact angle decreasing from 134.1° to 0°. Electrochemical tests demonstrate that ① E-CF exhibits a significantly reduced charge transfer resistance

enhancing vanadium ion reaction kinetics; ② single cells assembled with E-CF achieve a voltage efficiency of 73.54% and an energy efficiency of 70.56% at 200 mA/cm

; and ③ after reducing the

current density from 200 to 80 mA/cm

capacity retention exceeds 80%. Compared with conventional treatments

this method offers advantages such as short processing time

operational simplicity

environmental friendliness

and cost-effectiveness.

关键词

Keywords

references

HASSAN Q, VIKTOR P, J AL-MUSAWI T, et al. The renewable energy role in the global energy transformations[J]. Renewable Energy Focus, 2024, 48: 100545. DOI:10.1016/j.ref.2024.100545.

MITALI J, DHINAKARAN S, MOHAMAD A A. Energy storage systems: A review[J]. Energy Storage and Saving, 2022, 1(3): 166-216. DOI:10.1016/j.enss.2022.07.002.

HUANG Z B, MU A L, WU L X, et al. Comprehensive analysis of critical issues in all-vanadium redox flow battery[J]. ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering, 2022, 10(24): 7786-7810.

YANG Y, WANG Q G, XIONG S Z, et al. Research progress on optimized membranes for vanadium redox flow batteries[J]. Inorganic Chemistry Frontiers, 2024, 11(14): 4049-4079.

BAYEH A W, KABTAMU D M, CHANG Y C, et al. Carbon and metal-based catalysts for vanadium redox flow batteries: A perspective and review of recent progress[J]. Sustainable Energy & Fuels, 2021, 5(6): 1668-1707.

AN H, PARK J, JEON S, et al. Mesoporous graphitic carbon on graphene oxide: A high-performance catalyst for vanadium redox flow batteries[J]. Applied Surface Science, 2025, 684: 161821. DOI:10.1016/j.apsusc.2024.161821.

YU L H, LIN F, XU L, et al. P-doped electrode for vanadium flow battery with high-rate capability and all-climate adaptability[J]. Journal of Energy Chemistry, 2019, 35: 55-59. DOI:10.1016/j.jechem.2018.11.004.

ZHANG J L, LIU Y Y, LU S F, et al. Nitrogen, phosphorus co-doped graphite felt as highly efficient electrode for VO 2+ /VO 2 + reaction[J ] . Batteries, 2023, 9(1): 40. DOI:10.3390/batteries9010040.

WANG R, LI Y S, WANG Y N, et al. Phosphorus-doped graphite felt allowing stabilized electrochemical interface and hierarchical pore structure for redox flow battery[J]. Applied Energy, 2020, 261: 114369. DOI:10.1016/j.apenergy.2019.114369.

ZHANG W G, XI J Y, LI Z H, et al. Electrochemical activation of graphite felt electrode for VO 2+ /VO 2 + redox couple application[J ] . Electrochimica Acta, 2013, 89: 429-435. DOI:10.1016/j.electacta. 2012.11.072.

CHEN S B, SUN C Y, ZHANG H, et al. Electrochemical deposition of bismuth on graphite felt electrodes: Influence on negative half-cell reactions in vanadium redox flow batteries[J]. Applied Sciences, 2024, 14(8): 3316. DOI:10.3390/app14083316.

MUKHOPADHYAY A, YANG Y, LI Y F, et al. Mass transfer and reaction kinetic enhanced electrode for high-performance aqueous flow batteries[J]. Advanced Functional Materials, 2019, 29(43): 1903192. DOI:10.1002/adfm.201903192.

CHEN D R, ADUSEI P K, CHITRANSHI M, et al. Electrochemical activation to enhance the volumetric performance of carbon nanotube electrodes[J]. Applied Surface Science, 2021, 541: 148448. DOI:10.1016/j.apsusc.2020.148448.

YE D, YU Y, TANG J, et al. Electrochemical activation of carbon cloth in aqueous inorganic salt solution for superior capacitive performance[J]. Nanoscale, 2016, 8(19): 10406-10414.

MCARDLE S, FIEDLER H, LEVENEUR J, et al. Novel ion beam implantation of felt electrodes for the vanadium flow battery: Role of defects versus nitrogen groups for the VO 2+ /VO 2 + redox reaction[J ] . Journal of Power Sources, 2024, 608: 234614. DOI:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2024.234614.

BAUER M, BERATZ S, RUHLAND K, et al. Anodic oxidation of carbon fibers in alkaline and acidic electrolyte: Quantification of surface functional groups by gas-phase derivatization[J]. Applied Surface Science, 2020, 506: 144947. DOI:10.1016/j.apsusc. 2019.144947.

ZENG L, ZHAO T S, WEI L. Revealing the performance enhancement of oxygenated carbonaceous materials for vanadium redox flow batteries: Functional groups or specific surface area?[J]. Advanced Sustainable Systems, 2018, 2(2): 1700148. DOI:10.1002/adsu.201700148.

浏览量

下载量

CSCD

文章被引用时，请邮件提醒。

提交

工具集

关联资源

钠离子电池煤基炭负极可控制备：研究进展与展望

全钒液流电池碳毡电极的热处理活化研究

复合型添加剂对全钒液流电池电解液影响的研究

多孔介质储能材料在建筑通风系统中的应用研究

考虑寿命损耗与SOC均衡的分层-分布式储能聚合控制策略