Preparation of asymmetric composite separators and their performance in lithium metal batteries

Liao Mingjie; Pang Pengfei; Wang Hu; Chen Jiangchao; Zhang Weichao; Zhu Guisheng; Xu Huarui

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2026.0288

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Preparation of asymmetric composite separators and their performance in lithium metal batteries

更新时间：2026-05-07

- Preparation of asymmetric composite separators and their performance in lithium metal batteries
- Energy Storage Science and Technology Pages: 1-11(2026)
- 作者机构：
  
  桂林电子科技大学材料科学与工程学院，电子信息材料与器件教育部工程研究中心，广西信息材料重点实验室，广西桂林 541004
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2026.0288
  CLC： TB 34
- Received：06 April 2026，
  
  Revised：2026-05-06，
  
  Online First：06 May 2026，
- 稿件说明：
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廖明杰, 庞鹏飞, 王沪, 等. 非对称复合隔膜的制备及其锂金属电池性能研究[J]. 储能科学与技术, XXXX, XX(XX): 1-11.

Liao Mingjie, Pang Pengfei, Wang Hu, et al. Preparation of asymmetric composite separators and their performance in lithium metal batteries[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, XXXX, XX(XX): 1-11.
廖明杰, 庞鹏飞, 王沪, 等. 非对称复合隔膜的制备及其锂金属电池性能研究[J]. 储能科学与技术, XXXX, XX(XX): 1-11. DOI： 10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2026.0288.

Liao Mingjie, Pang Pengfei, Wang Hu, et al. Preparation of asymmetric composite separators and their performance in lithium metal batteries[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, XXXX, XX(XX): 1-11. DOI： 10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2026.0288.

摘要

锂金属电池因其极高的理论能量密度而被视为下一代储能系统的有力竞争者。然而，商业聚烯烃隔膜存在热稳定性差、离子迁移数低及对锂枝晶抑制能力弱等问题，阻碍了电池的商业化应用。本研究以聚乙烯(PE)为基膜，采用非对称涂覆策略，分别引入刚性的PAN@LATP层和柔性的PEO-SiO

层，制备了Janus结构的PPL复合隔膜。LATP与SiO

纳米颗粒对阴离子具有显著的锚定效应，通过极性基团削弱锂盐中Li

与阴离子之间的库仑相互作用，从而将锂离子迁移数(

https://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=107293209&type=

https://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=107293221&type=

2.87866688

3.21733332

)由PE隔膜的0.38提升至0.8。同时，这种“刚柔并济”的非对称结构赋予了隔膜95 MPa的机械强度与5.0 V的耐高压能力，还能有效均匀化离子通量并缓解锂枝晶生长。电化学测试表明，采用PPL隔膜组装的Li||Li对称电池在0.5 mA cm

-2

下可以稳定循环1000 h（而PE隔膜体系在约300 h发生短路失效）。此外，组装的LFP||Li全电池在1 C的高电流密度下，初始放电容量为163.25 mAh g

-1

，循环200次后容量保持率仍可达93%，较PE隔膜体系（69.2%）有明显改善。这种针对界面需求进行分区设计的非对称复合隔膜，为解决锂金属电池的安全性与循环稳定性问题提供了一种有效策略。

Abstract

Lithium metal batteries are considered strong contenders for next-generation energy storage systems due to their extremely high theoretical energy density. However

commercial polyolefin (PE) separators suffer from poor thermal stability

low ion transference number

and weak suppression of lithium dendrite growth

hindering their commercial application. This study uses polyethylene (PE) as the base membrane and employs an asymmetric coating strategy to introduce a rigid PAN@LATP layer and a flexible PEO-SiO

layer

respectively

to prepare a Janus-structured PPL composite separator. LATP and SiO

nanoparticles exhibit a significant anchoring effect on anions

weakening the Coulombic interaction between Li

and anions in the lithium salt through polar groups

thereby increasing the lithium-ion transference number (t

Li+

) from 0.38 in the PE separator to 0.8. Simultaneously

this asymmetric structure

combining rigidity and flexibility

endows the separator with a mechanical stren

gth of 95 MPa and a high voltage withstand capability of 5.0 V

while also effectively homogenizing ion flux and mitigating lithium dendrite growth. Electrochemical tests showed that the Li||Li symmetric cell assembled with a PPL separator could cycle stably for 1000 h at 0.5 mA cm

-2

(while the PE separator system experienced short-circuit failure at approximately 300 h). Furthermore

the assembled LFP||Li full cell exhibited an initial discharge capacity of 163.25 mAh g

-1

at a high current density of 1 C

and retained 93% of its capacity after 200 cycles

a significant improvement over the PE separator system (69.2%).This asymmetric composite separator

with its partitioned design tailored to interface requirements

provides an effective strategy for addressing the safety and cycle stability issues of lithium metal batteries.

关键词

Keywords

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