Numerical simulation of multi-scale particle tracking for slurry mixing process in lithium-ion capacitors

LIN Ken; CHEN Anguo; CHEN Duo; LIU Fuliang; SHEN Laifa

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2026.0253

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Numerical simulation of multi-scale particle tracking for slurry mixing process in lithium-ion capacitors

Special Issue of Key Materials and Devices of Supercapacitors | 更新时间：2026-07-01

- Numerical simulation of multi-scale particle tracking for slurry mixing process in lithium-ion capacitors
- Energy Storage Science and Technology Vol. 15, Issue 5, Pages: 1595-1605(2026)
- 作者机构：
  
  1.南京航空航天大学材料科学与技术学院，江苏南京 211106
  2.特种化学电源全国重点实验室，贵州梅岭电源有限公司，贵州遵义 563000
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2026.0253
  CLC： TQ 152;TQ 051.7
- Received：28 March 2026，
  
  Revised：2026-04-24，
  
  Published：28 May 2026
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
林垦, 陈安国, 陈铎, 等. 锂离子电容器浆料搅拌过程的多尺度颗粒追踪数值模拟[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2026, 15(5): 1595-1605.

LIN Ken, CHEN Anguo, CHEN Duo, et al. Numerical simulation of multi-scale particle tracking for slurry mixing process in lithium-ion capacitors[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2026, 15(5): 1595-1605.
林垦, 陈安国, 陈铎, 等. 锂离子电容器浆料搅拌过程的多尺度颗粒追踪数值模拟[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2026, 15(5): 1595-1605. DOI： 10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2026.0253.

LIN Ken, CHEN Anguo, CHEN Duo, et al. Numerical simulation of multi-scale particle tracking for slurry mixing process in lithium-ion capacitors[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2026, 15(5): 1595-1605. DOI： 10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2026.0253.

摘要

作为电极制造的核心工序，涂布的质量直接决定着最终产品的性能，极片不均匀是提升锂离子电容器性能的核心挑战，其造成的内阻增大会导致电容器性能下降。针对锂离子电容器电极浆料均匀性评估缺乏微观动态表征手段的问题，本研究创新性地提出了一个多尺度轨迹耦合分析框架，通过同步构建单颗粒运动轨迹与粒子群分布轨迹，从微观动力学与宏观统计学双重维度可视化评估混合均匀性。基于此方法，系统仿真了四种工业常用搅拌桨叶的流场与混合过程，清晰揭示了不同桨叶驱动颗粒分散与对流的主导机理及其适用条件，其中锚式叶轮凭借其优异的全域剪切流场与颗粒分散均匀性，因而最适配于高固含量、高黏度的锂离子电容器活性物质浆料搅拌。最终，研究将轨迹分析结果转化为颗粒尺度上的定量评判标准，为高性能电池浆料的工艺优化与桨叶选型提供了直接理论依据。同时，该研究下的分析模式可以拓展到锂离子电池活性物质以及其他类型的浆料搅拌模拟中，具有很好的普适性。

Abstract

The quality of electrode coating is crucial for the performance of lithium-ion capacitors (LICs)

as it directly influences the final product's efficacy. One main challenge in enhancing LIC performance is the production of uneven electrodes

which contribute to increased internal resistance and

consequently

reduced capacitor performance. Non-uniform slurries often result in heterogeneous electrodes

posing significant challenges that can lead to accelerated capacity decay and safety risks. Existing evaluation methods mainly focus on macro-scale rheological tests or final electrode characterization

lacking insights into the in-situ dynamics of particle-scale mixing. To address this gap

this study proposes an innovative multi-scale trajectory coupling analysis framework for evaluating mixing uniformity. The methodology involves the synchronous construction and analysis of the motion trajectories of particles within a simulated stirred tank. Individual tracer particle movements are tracked to reveal micro-scale dynamics

whereas the collective paths of particle swarms are analyzed to visualize macro-scale transport and diffusion patterns. This framework incorporates qualitative flow field analysis and quantitative particle distribution statistics

creating a triangulated approach for mechanistic understanding. Using this method

the study systematically simulated and compared the mixing performance of four widely used industrial impellers

namely

anchor

C-type outer blade

fixed-pitch hydrofoil

and retreat blade

in a standard flat-bottomed tank. The results clearly identify their dominant mixing mechanisms and limitations regarding LIC slurries. The anchor impeller generates a global wall-shear flow

achieving the best macro-scale particle distribution uniformity. In summary

this study translates complex flow-particulate interactions into actionable

particle-scale criteria for evaluating impellers. The findings provide a solid theoretical and methodological foundation for the science-guided selection and optimization of stirring equipment in high-performance LIC slurry manufacturing. In addition

the analytical approach developed in this study can be extended to the simulation of lithium-ion batteries

active materials

and other types of slurry stirring

thus demonstrating broad applicability.

关键词

Keywords

references

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