Pre-sodiated NVP cathode coupled with dry-coated AC anode for high-performance sodium ion capacitors

PEI Mengfan; FAN Zhijian; SUN Ran; JIAN Xigao; HU Fangyuan

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2026.0174

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Pre-sodiated NVP cathode coupled with dry-coated AC anode for high-performance sodium ion capacitors

Special Issue of Key Materials and Devices of Supercapacitors | 更新时间：2026-07-01

- Pre-sodiated NVP cathode coupled with dry-coated AC anode for high-performance sodium ion capacitors
- Energy Storage Science and Technology Vol. 15, Issue 5, Pages: 1660-1670(2026)
- 作者机构：
  
  1.大连理工大学材料科学与工程学院
  2.大连理工大学化工学院，精细化工国家重点实验室，辽宁大连 116024
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2026.0174
  CLC： TM 53
- Received：27 February 2026，
  
  Revised：2026-03-26，
  
  Published：28 May 2026
- 稿件说明：
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裴梦凡, 樊智健, 孙冉, 等. 基于预钠化NVP正极和干法AC负极的钠离子电容器[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2026, 15(5): 1660-1670.

PEI Mengfan, FAN Zhijian, SUN Ran, et al. Pre-sodiated NVP cathode coupled with dry-coated AC anode for high-performance sodium ion capacitors[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2026, 15(5): 1660-1670.
裴梦凡, 樊智健, 孙冉, 等. 基于预钠化NVP正极和干法AC负极的钠离子电容器[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2026, 15(5): 1660-1670. DOI： 10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2026.0174.

PEI Mengfan, FAN Zhijian, SUN Ran, et al. Pre-sodiated NVP cathode coupled with dry-coated AC anode for high-performance sodium ion capacitors[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2026, 15(5): 1660-1670. DOI： 10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2026.0174.

摘要

通过干法涂布工艺提高电极负载是一种提高钠离子电容器电化学性能的有效方法。然而，当使用高负载干法活性炭（AC）电极作为负极时，电极中的聚四氟乙烯（PTFE）黏结剂在低电势下的不可逆反应会造成钠损失。本工作以干法活性炭电极片为负极，电化学预钠化的磷酸钒钠[Na

（PO

）

，NVP

]

为正极组装了高负载量的钠离子电容器，并通过X射线衍射、扫描电镜、球差校正透射电子显微镜和恒流充放电测试等表征，研究了预钠化的NVP正极在充放电过程中的补钠机制及其对钠离子电容器电化学的影响。结果表明，在恒流充放电的过程中，NVP正极在1.6 V（

. Na

/Na）处的额外储钠平台比容量约为50 mAh/g，通过电化学预钠化可以有效地激活该平台，在有效补钠的同时提高了器件的AC电极负载量。当采用预钠化的NVP正极与负载为10 mg/cm

的AC负极组装钠离子电容器时，基于正极活性物质质量的能量密度最大可达165 Wh/kg，功率密度最大可达4.15 kW/kg。同时，在50 C的电流密度下，循环20000次后容量保持率为75%。本研究的正极预钠化策略有助于推动高性能钠离子电容器的应用。

Abstract

Enhancin

g electrode loading through dry coating is a promising strategy for improving the electrochemical performance of sodium-ion capacitors (SICs). However

when high-loading dry-processed activated carbon (AC) electrodes serve as anodes

the irreversible reaction of the polytetrafluoroethylene binder at low potentials causes considerable sodium loss. To address this issue

high-loading SICs were assembled in this work using a dry-processed AC anode paired with an electrochemically pre-sodiated sodium vanadium phosphate [Na

(PO

)

NVP

]

cathode. The sodium compensation mechanism of the pre-sodiated NVP cathode during charge/discharge cycling and its influence on the electrochemical performance of SICs were systematically investigated using X-ray diffraction

scanning electron microscopy

spherical aberration-corrected transmission electron microscopy

and galvanostatic charge/discharge measurements. The findings reveal that the NVP cathode displays an additional sodium storage plateau at 1.6 V (

vs.

/Na) during galvanostatic cycling

delivering a specific capacity of approximately 50 mAh/g. Electrochemical pre-sodiation effectively activates this plateau

thereby compensating for sodium loss while increasing the practical loading of the AC electrode. The SIC assembled with the pre-sodiated NVP cathode and an AC anode at a high loading of 10 mg/cm

delivered a maximum energy density of 165 Wh/kg and a maximum power density of 4.15 kW/kg

calculated based on the cathode active material mass. Moreover

the device exhibited excellent cycling stability

retaining 75% of its initial capacity after 20

000 cycles at a current rate of 50 C. The cathode pre-sodiation strategy proposed herein offers a viable pathway for advancing the development of high-performance SICs.

关键词

Keywords

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