Performance and economic analysis of borehole thermal energy storage integrated heat pump heating system

CUI Mengying; YIN Yonggao; ZHAO Donglin; HUANG Yuxi; CAO Bowen

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2026.0107

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Performance and economic analysis of borehole thermal energy storage integrated heat pump heating system

Special Issue on Multi\-Scenario Applications of Thermal and Cold Energy Storage | 更新时间：2026-07-01

- Performance and economic analysis of borehole thermal energy storage integrated heat pump heating system
- Energy Storage Science and Technology Vol. 15, Issue 3, Pages: 983-992(2026)
- 作者机构：
  
  东南大学能源与环境学院，江苏南京 210000
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2026.0107
  CLC： TU 833
- Received：31 January 2026，
  
  Revised：2026-02-06，
  
  Published：28 March 2026
- 稿件说明：
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崔梦颖, 殷勇高, 赵栋霖, 等. 地埋管跨季节储热耦合热泵供暖系统性能与经济性分析[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2026, 15(3): 983-992.

CUI Mengying, YIN Yonggao, ZHAO Donglin, et al. Performance and economic analysis of borehole thermal energy storage integrated heat pump heating system[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2026, 15(3): 983-992.
崔梦颖, 殷勇高, 赵栋霖, 等. 地埋管跨季节储热耦合热泵供暖系统性能与经济性分析[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2026, 15(3): 983-992. DOI： 10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2026.0107.

CUI Mengying, YIN Yonggao, ZHAO Donglin, et al. Performance and economic analysis of borehole thermal energy storage integrated heat pump heating system[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2026, 15(3): 983-992. DOI： 10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2026.0107.

摘要

跨季节地埋管储热供热系统可通过低品位热的跨季节转移与热泵提质利用，实现高效、低成本的低碳供热，但现有研究对不同规模井群长周期运行特性研究有限。通过TRNSYS建立了跨季节地埋管储热耦合热泵供热系统模型，并开展了10年连续运行模拟。系统分析了不同热源温度(30～50℃)和不同钻孔数量(200～2000)对储热体储热容量、热损失、供热系统性能和经济性的影响。结果表明：将钻孔数量从200个增加到2000个可显著降低单位体积热损失，以第10年为例，热源温度为50℃的系统储热效率由75.0%提升至85.0%，热损失率由20.0%降至11.9%。另外，增大钻孔数量会改变单位体积热损失在侧面、顶部与底部之间的占比，储热体侧面热损失占比下降，顶部和底部热损失占比增加。大规模储热体有必要采取地表保温措施减少顶部热损失。热源温度与规模共同决定储热效率与系统季节性能系数。降低热源温度可以提高储热效率，但会增加热泵供热能耗，在低电价地区和热源回收成本较高时更具经济优势。本研究可为低品位热源条件下跨季节地埋管储热系统规模选取和系统热损失优化提供参考。

Abstract

Borehole thermal energy storage heating systems can deliver efficient

low-cost

low-carbon heating by seasonally storing low-grade heat and upgrading it via heat pumps. However

research on the long-term operating characteristics of borehole fields across different scales remains insufficient. In this study

a borehole thermal energy storage integrated heat pump system was developed in TRNSYS and simulated for 10 consecutive years. The effects of heat-source temperature (30—50℃) and borehole number (200—2000) on storage capacity

heat loss

heating system performance

and economics were evaluated. The results show that increasing the number of boreholes from 200 to 2000 significantly reduces volumetric heat loss. Taking Year 10 as an example

for the 50℃ heat-source case

the storage efficiency increases from 75.0% to 85.0%

while the heat-loss ratio decreases from 20.0% to 11.9%. In addition

as the borehole number increases

the distribution of heat loss shifts among the sidewall

top

and bottom boundaries. The sidewall share decreases whereas the top and bottom shares increase

indicating that surface insulation becomes necessary for large-scale systems to mitigate top-boundary heat loss. Heat-source temperature and borehole field scale jointly determine storage efficiency and the system's seasonal performance factor. Reduction of the heat source temperature may improve heat storage efficiency

but it increases the power consumption of the heat pump. Therefore

low-temperature borehole thermal energy storage offers greater economic advantages when electricity prices are low and heat source recovery costs are high. The findings provide guidance for borehole field sizing and heat-loss mitigation for seasonal BTES systems driven by low-grade heat sources.

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Keywords

references

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