Analysis of charging and discharging characteristics of an integrated phase-change cold thermal energy storage system for telecommunication base stations

GUO Jun; ZHU Mingzhe; GAO Jiacheng; FENG Lejun; SUI Jun; BAI Yang

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2026.0099

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Analysis of charging and discharging characteristics of an integrated phase-change cold thermal energy storage system for telecommunication base stations

Special Issue on Multi\-Scenario Applications of Thermal and Cold Energy Storage | 更新时间：2026-07-01

- Analysis of charging and discharging characteristics of an integrated phase-change cold thermal energy storage system for telecommunication base stations
- Energy Storage Science and Technology Vol. 15, Issue 3, Pages: 895-905(2026)
- 作者机构：
  
  1.中国科学院工程热物理研究所，北京 100190
  2.广东弘展大数据有限公司，广东东莞 523000
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2026.0099
  CLC： TK 02
- Received：30 January 2026，
  
  Revised：2026-02-27，
  
  Published：28 March 2026
- 稿件说明：
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郭俊, 朱明哲, 高佳诚, 等. 面向通信基站的制储一体化相变蓄冷系统蓄释能特性分析[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2026, 15(3): 895-905.

GUO Jun, ZHU Mingzhe, GAO Jiacheng, et al. Analysis of charging and discharging characteristics of an integrated phase-change cold thermal energy storage system for telecommunication base stations[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2026, 15(3): 895-905.
郭俊, 朱明哲, 高佳诚, 等. 面向通信基站的制储一体化相变蓄冷系统蓄释能特性分析[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2026, 15(3): 895-905. DOI： 10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2026.0099.

GUO Jun, ZHU Mingzhe, GAO Jiacheng, et al. Analysis of charging and discharging characteristics of an integrated phase-change cold thermal energy storage system for telecommunication base stations[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2026, 15(3): 895-905. DOI： 10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2026.0099.

摘要

基于通信基站冷却系统在室外环境与冷负荷波动下的冷量调节需求，本工作搭建高效制储一体化相变蓄冷实验装置，通过实验获得相变材料(phase change material

PCM)蓄冷板蓄冷量与蓄释能特性。结果显示，纯水蓄冷工况在15～4℃、5 m

/h条件下，实验蓄冷量与理论值偏差3.81%，往返效率83%～86%，验证了装置测量的可靠性。PCM板工况下，流量5 m

/h实现了27.2℃到4.03℃蓄冷，蓄冷量55025.5 kJ，对应释冷量42184.5 kJ。当流量由4 m

/h提升至5 m

/h时，蓄冷功率提升38.3%，达到相同蓄冷量所需时间缩短4.7 h。15～4℃条件下，纯水体积218.72 L、PCM体积237.6 L时，PCM相变蓄冷量29943.3 kJ为纯水蓄冷的3倍，PCM相变蓄冷单位体积储能密度为126.03 kJ/L，可达纯水蓄冷单位体积储能密度的2.74倍。本研究为通信基站场景下板式PCM潜热蓄冷方案提供了设计参考与数据支撑，为通信基站实现削峰降载提供实验依据，推动该技术工程应用。

Abstract

To meet the cooling-capacity regulation demand of telecommunication base-station cooling systems under outdoor environmental variations and fluctuating cooling loads

this study developed a high-efficiency integrated cooling-storage phase change cold thermal energy storage (CTES) experimental rig and experimentally characterized the cold storage capacity and charging/discharging behaviors of plate-type phase change material (PCM) modules. The results show that for pure-water storage from 15℃ to 4℃ at 5 m

the measured stored cooling capacity was 21781 kJ

deviating by 3.81% from the theoretical value of 20981.6 kJ

with a round-trip efficiency of 83%—86%

confirming the reliability of the measurements. In the PCM-plate mode at 5 m

cooling from 27.2℃ to 4.03℃ achieved a cumulative charging capacity of 55025.5 kJ and a corresponding discharging capacity of 42184.5 kJ; the peak charging power reached 4.75 kW and decayed over time. Increasing the flow rate from 4 to 5 m

/h enhanced the charging power by 38.3% and shortened the time required to reach the same stored cooling capacity by 4.7 h. Under identical operating conditions (15℃ to 4℃)

the system-level cold storage capacity increased from 20000 kJ (pure water) to 40000 kJ with PCM integration; for a water volume of 218.72 L and a PCM volume of 237.6 L

the PCM latent cooling capacity was 29943.3 kJ

corresponding to a volumetric energy storage density of 126.03 kJ/L

compared with 45.98 kJ/L for pure-water sensible storage

indicating that the PCM contribution reaches 2.74 times that of pure-water cold storage. These results provide design-relevant data and experimental evidence for plate-type PCM latent CTES in telecommunication base-station

applications

supporting peak shaving and load leveling and facilitating engineering deployment.

关键词

Keywords

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