Numerical simulation study on variable-condition operation of deep geothermal long-term energy storage

YE Cantao; WEN Qihang; LI Lingxue; GONG Yulie

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2026.0088

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Numerical simulation study on variable-condition operation of deep geothermal long-term energy storage

Special Issue on Multi\-Scenario Applications of Thermal and Cold Energy Storage | 更新时间：2026-07-01

- Numerical simulation study on variable-condition operation of deep geothermal long-term energy storage
- Energy Storage Science and Technology Vol. 15, Issue 3, Pages: 953-961(2026)
- 作者机构：
  
  中国科学院广州能源研究所，广东广州 510640
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2026.0088
  CLC： TK 02
- Received：28 January 2026，
  
  Revised：2026-02-06，
  
  Published：28 March 2026
- 稿件说明：
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叶灿滔, 温启航, 李棱雪, 等. 深部地热长时储能变工况运行数值模拟研究[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2026, 15(3): 953-961.

YE Cantao, WEN Qihang, LI Lingxue, et al. Numerical simulation study on variable-condition operation of deep geothermal long-term energy storage[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2026, 15(3): 953-961.
叶灿滔, 温启航, 李棱雪, 等. 深部地热长时储能变工况运行数值模拟研究[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2026, 15(3): 953-961. DOI： 10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2026.0088.

YE Cantao, WEN Qihang, LI Lingxue, et al. Numerical simulation study on variable-condition operation of deep geothermal long-term energy storage[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2026, 15(3): 953-961. DOI： 10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2026.0088.

摘要

深部热储与常规水蓄热技术相比具有温度高、储量大、输出稳定等特点，深部地热长时储能技术是解决大规模清洁供暖系统能源供需时空不匹配的有效方法，技术经济性是项目可行性的关键指标。然而，以往的研究大多只关注地热储能模拟，却忽略了地面热源和建筑负荷系统的运行工况变化，且运行模式过度简化，系统技术合理性和经济有效性表现不足。因此，本研究建立了地面-地下耦合模型，对华北地区典型深部地热储能系统进行了长时储能变工况逐时运行模拟，分析评价了多种运行模式下的深部地热长时储能系统综合性能，结果表明：“源-荷-储”动态协同运行模型下，储热量降低50.4%~64.5%，热羽流半径减少59.1%~81.8%，运行成本降低50.4%~64.5%，运行收益提升32.1%~77.1%，初投资回收期缩短24.3%~43.5%。在具体场景条件下，地面-地下动态耦合的深部地热长时储能变工况运行模型为表征系统性能特性提供精细化的技术支撑。

Abstract

Compared with conventional water-based thermal energy storage

deep geothermal reservoirs offer advantages such as high temperature

large storage capacity

and stable output. Deep geothermal long-term energy storage technology provides an effective solution to address the spatio-temporal mismatch between energy supply and demand in large-scale clean heating systems. However

technical and economic feasibility remains a critical indicator for evaluating the viability of related projects. Nevertheless

most previous studies have primarily focused on the simulation of geothermal energy storage while neglecting the dynamic operational changes of both ground-based heat sources and building load systems. Additionally

the operational modes have been overly simplified

leading to insufficient performance in terms of the system's technical rationality and economic effectiveness. To address these limitations

this study establishes a coupled ground-underground model and conducts an hourly dynamic simulation of long-term energy storage operation under variable conditions for a typical deep geothermal energy storage system in North China. The comprehensive performance of the system under various operational modes is analyzed and evaluated. The results indicate that under the "source-load-storage" dynamic collaborative operation mode

compared with conventional operation modes

the heat storage capacity decreases by 50.4%—64.5%

the thermal plume radius reduces by 59.1%—81.8%

the operational cost decreases by 50.4%—64.5%

the operational profit increases by 32.1%—77.1%

and the payback period is shortened by 24.3%—43.5%. These findings demonstrate the significant advantages of this dynamic collaborative operation mode in improving the technical and economic performance of deep geothermal long-term energy storage systems. Under specific scenarios

the dynamic coupled ground-underground model developed in this study provides refined technical support for characterizing the performance of deep geothermal long-term energy storage systems under variable operating conditions.

关键词

Keywords

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