Hierarchical-distributed aggregation control strategy for energy storage considering lifetime degradation and SOC balancing

LIU Baochang; ZHANG Junwei; XU Feng; LI Yusheng; KANG Chongqing; CHEN Anci; ZHAO Xiaodan

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2026.0039

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Hierarchical-distributed aggregation control strategy for energy storage considering lifetime degradation and SOC balancing

Energy Storage Test\: Methods and Evaluation | 更新时间：2026-07-13

- Hierarchical-distributed aggregation control strategy for energy storage considering lifetime degradation and SOC balancing
- Energy Storage Science and Technology Vol. 15, Issue 6, Pages: 2355-2367(2026)
- 作者机构：
  
  1.中国移动通信集团设计院有限公司，北京 100080
  2.清华大学电机工程与应用电子技术系，北京 100084
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2026.0039
  CLC： TM 911
- Received：14 January 2026，
  
  Revised：2026-02-28，
  
  Published：28 June 2026
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
刘宝昌, 张珺玮, 徐峰, 等. 考虑寿命损耗与SOC均衡的分层-分布式储能聚合控制策略[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2026, 15(6): 2355-2367.

LIU Baochang, ZHANG Junwei, XU Feng, et al. Hierarchical-distributed aggregation control strategy for energy storage considering lifetime degradation and SOC balancing[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2026, 15(6): 2355-2367.
刘宝昌, 张珺玮, 徐峰, 等. 考虑寿命损耗与SOC均衡的分层-分布式储能聚合控制策略[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2026, 15(6): 2355-2367. DOI： 10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2026.0039.

LIU Baochang, ZHANG Junwei, XU Feng, et al. Hierarchical-distributed aggregation control strategy for energy storage considering lifetime degradation and SOC balancing[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2026, 15(6): 2355-2367. DOI： 10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2026.0039.

摘要

随着可再生能源大规模接入，储能在提升电力系统灵活性、平抑负荷波动及保障系统运行安全等方面发挥重要作用。针对分布式储能单元在容量规模、功率等级、荷电状态（state of charge，SOC）及健康状态（state of health，SOH）等方面的多维差异，提出了一种面向储能集群的分层-分布式聚合控制策略。首先，基于自适应滤波算法，实现动态工况和测量噪声不确定条件下的储能单元高精度状态估计，并构建储能可调度能力模型。其次，提出分层储能聚合控制架构，上层采用集中优化策略，以运行经济性和负荷平滑为双重目标，求解储能集群最优聚合功率响应；下层采用分布式协调控制方法，将储能单元SOC均衡与寿命损耗成本纳入加权分配机制，实现各储能单元功率的动态协调分配。以某区域夏季典型日负荷为例开展仿真分析，结果表明，该聚合控制策略能够有效平抑电网负荷波动并获取电价差收益，日最大负荷由2 MW降至1.568 MW，负荷峰谷差从1.35 MW减小至0.669 MW。且在满足系统功率响应需求的同时，能有效抑制储能单元间的状态不一致以及健康差异的扩展，单体SOC方差较传统方案降低50%，寿命损耗成本降低2%。所提方法对提升储能系统的整体运行效率与全生命周期健康水平具有重要意义。

Abstract

Energy storage systems assume a pivotal role in the large-scale integration of renewable energy

enhancing the flexibility of power systems

mitigating load fluctuations

and ensuring operational security. This paper proposes a hierarchical-distributed aggregation control strategy for energy storage clusters

in response to the multidimensional differences among energy storage units in terms of capacity

power

State of Charge

and State of Health. First

an adaptive filtering algorithm is employed to attain high-precision state estimation of energy storage units under dynamic operating conditions and uncertain measurement noise. Subsequently

a dispatchable capability model for energy storage is constructed. Secondly

a hierarchical control architecture is proposed. The upper layer employs a centralized optimization to determine the optimal power response of the energy storage cluster

with operational economy and load smoothing as dual objectives. The lower layer implements a distributed coordinated control scheme

incorporating unit SOC balancing and life cost into a weighted allocation mechanism to achieve dynamic and coordinated power dispatch among energy storage units. A simulation is conducted to assess the load of a specific region on a typical summer day. The findings indicate that the proposed aggregation control strategy can effectively mitigate grid load fluctuations and capture benefits from electricity price differences. Daily peak load was reduced from 2 to 1.568 MW

and the peak-valley load difference was decreased from 1.35 MW to 0.669 MW. Furthermore

while satisfying the power response requirements of the system

it effectively mitigates the propagation of state inconsistencies and health disparities among storage units

thereby reducing the variance of SOC by 50% and life cost by 2% in comparison with conventional methods. The proposed method exhibits considerable significance in terms of enhancing the overall operational efficiency and promoting the full lifecycle health of the energy storage system.

关键词

Keywords

references

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