Design and performance of high-efficiency phase change cold storage plate

GUO Chan; FANG Xiang; WANG Weiling; QIAN Gao; LI Bingjie; MIAO Qi; ZHANG Fushan; JIN Yi

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2025.1071

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Design and performance of high-efficiency phase change cold storage plate

Special Issue on Multi\-Scenario Applications of Thermal and Cold Energy Storage | 更新时间：2026-07-01

- Design and performance of high-efficiency phase change cold storage plate
- Energy Storage Science and Technology Vol. 15, Issue 3, Pages: 933-941(2026)
- 作者机构：
  
  1.民政部一零一研究所，北京 100070
  2.江苏金合能源科技有限公司，江苏镇江 212400
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2025.1071
  CLC： TK 124
- Received：01 December 2025，
  
  Revised：2025-12-30，
  
  Published：28 March 2026
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
郭婵, 方祥, 王蔚伶, 等. 高效相变储冷板设计及性能研究[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2026, 15(3): 933-941.

GUO Chan, FANG Xiang, WANG Weiling, et al. Design and performance of high-efficiency phase change cold storage plate[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2026, 15(3): 933-941.
郭婵, 方祥, 王蔚伶, 等. 高效相变储冷板设计及性能研究[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2026, 15(3): 933-941. DOI： 10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2025.1071.

GUO Chan, FANG Xiang, WANG Weiling, et al. Design and performance of high-efficiency phase change cold storage plate[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2026, 15(3): 933-941. DOI： 10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2025.1071.

摘要

添加储冷模块可实现冷库用能的峰谷调节提高冷库运行经济性，但需解决相变储冷板因热导率低导致充冷速率慢的问题。过度减薄储冷板虽可加速传热，但显著牺牲单板的储冷能力。本研究系统开展了模块容量与传热的协同优化研究，通过数值模拟(Ansys Fluent)系统分析厚度与开孔结构对相变材料(PCM)凝固过程的影响，并基于模拟结果开展模块结构设计与实验验证，获得了最佳冷板结构。结果表明：厚度减薄显著缩短凝固时间，增加储冷效率，33 mm储冷板需11.68 h，而25 mm储冷板仅需8.3 h，降幅达28.9%，单位时间储冷量提高6.6%；在此基础上引入18 mm孔径开孔结构，进一步将凝固时间缩短至7.9 h，降幅为4.8%，单位时间储冷量增加了453.58 J，且储冷板的单板储冷量基本维持不变。实验验证采用25 mm厚度、18 mm孔径结构，在-24℃恒温环境中，PCM于7.71 h完成凝固，与模拟预测值7.9 h的相对误差仅2.46%。本研究通过厚度优化与表面开槽增大传热面积的协同作用，成功设计出满足8 h谷电时段充冷要求的储冷板结构，为冷库节能降耗提供了高效技术方案。

Abstract

Refrigerated warehouses can achieve peak shaving on the user side through the integration of phase change material (PCM) modules

thereby improving operational economics. However

the low heat transfer performance of phase change cold storage plates limits the charging rate

posing a key challenge. While reducing plate thickness can enhance heat transfer

it significantly decreases the cold storage capacity of individual plates. This study aims to optimize module storage capacity and the thermal charging process. The effects of plate thickness and perforated structures on PCM solidification were analyzed via numerical simulations. Based on these results

an optimized cold storage plate design was developed and experimentally validated. Results indicate that reducing thickness substantially shortens solidification time and improves cold storage efficiency: A 33 mm plate required 11.68 h

whereas a 25 mm plate required only 8.3 h

a reduction of 28.9%

with a 6.6% increase in cold storage capacity per unit time. Introducing perforations with an 18 mm diameter further reduced solidification time to 7.9 h (a 4.8% decrease) and increased cold storage capacity per unit time by 453.58 J

while maintaining essentially the same single-plate capacity. Experimental validation using a 25 mm plate with 18 mm perforations in a constant temperature environment at -24℃ demonstrated complete solidification in 7.71 h

a relative error of only 2.46% compared to simulations. Through the combined effects of thickness optimization and perforated surfaces to increase heat transfer area

this study successfully designed a cold storage plate capable of meeting the 8 h cold charging requirement during off-peak electricity periods

providing an efficient technical solution for energy conservation in refrigerated warehouse applications.

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