Investigation of influence of wall roughness on performance of high-power axial flow air turbine for compressed air energy storage

XIN Ming; LIU Tong; WANG Xu; ZHAO Zhiqing; ZHANG Wenkai; YUAN Xuemeng; LI Bowen; HAO Pei

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2025.1063

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Investigation of influence of wall roughness on performance of high-power axial flow air turbine for compressed air energy storage

Energy Storage System and Engineering | 更新时间：2026-07-13

- Investigation of influence of wall roughness on performance of high-power axial flow air turbine for compressed air energy storage
- Energy Storage Science and Technology Vol. 15, Issue 6, Pages: 2185-2196(2026)
- 作者机构：
  
  国华（诸城）风力发电有限公司，山东潍坊 262200
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2025.1063
  CLC： TH 41;TK 02
- Received：26 November 2025，
  
  Revised：2025-12-22，
  
  Published：28 June 2026
- 稿件说明：
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辛明, 刘通, 王旭, 等. 壁面粗糙度对压缩空气储能大功率轴流空气透平性能影响研究[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2026, 15(6): 2185-2196.

XIN Ming, LIU Tong, WANG Xu, et al. Investigation of influence of wall roughness on performance of high-power axial flow air turbine for compressed air energy storage[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2026, 15(6): 2185-2196.
辛明, 刘通, 王旭, 等. 壁面粗糙度对压缩空气储能大功率轴流空气透平性能影响研究[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2026, 15(6): 2185-2196. DOI： 10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2025.1063.

XIN Ming, LIU Tong, WANG Xu, et al. Investigation of influence of wall roughness on performance of high-power axial flow air turbine for compressed air energy storage[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2026, 15(6): 2185-2196. DOI： 10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2025.1063.

摘要

压缩空气储能（CAES）是实现大规模电力储能的关键技术之一，其中大功率轴流透平作为能量转换的核心部件，其性能显著影响储能电站的整体效率。在储能电站实际运行中，透平叶片壁面因加工工艺以及长期磨损导致的粗糙度改变会显著影响透平性能和内部流动，然而目前针对空气为工质的大功率多段多级轴流透平的粗糙度影响机理尚不明确。本研究针对储能功率为350 MW的压缩空气储能系统中大功率三段式多级轴流透平，通过高精度数值模拟方法，系统研究了表面粗糙度对透平气动性能及内部流动特性的影响机制。结果表明：表面粗糙度的增加显著降低了各级透平的质量流量和等熵效率，其中第一段透平受表面粗糙度的影响最为突出，效率降幅最为显著。粗糙度通过增厚吸力面边界层、扩大叶片弦向低速区范围并削弱流场高速核心区动能，加剧了流动损失。研究进一步揭示，第一段透平性能受粗糙度影响程度高于第二段和第三段透平，随着粗糙度增加，叶片表面涡量强度减弱，分离点向上游移动。本研究揭示了壁面粗糙度对多段透平性能的影响规律，为CAES电站大功率轴流透平高精度气动设计、表面工艺控制及运行维护策略提供了理论依据。

Abstract

Compressed air energy storage (CAES) is a key technology for large-scale power storage. As a core component for energy conversion

a high-power axial flow turbine significantly influences the overall efficiency of an energy storage station. During actual operation

changes in turbine blade surface roughness

which are caused by processing techniques and long-term wear

significantly affect the turbine performance and internal flow. However

the mechanism of the roughness influence for large-power multistage multilevel axial flow turbines with air as the working medium remains unclear. This study investigates the influence of surface roughness on the aerodynamic performance and internal flow characteristics of a high-power

three-stage multilevel axial flow turbine within a 350-MW compressed air energy storage system using high-precision numerical simulation methods. The results indicate that increased surface roughness significantly reduces the mass flow rate and isentropic efficiency of all turbine stages

with the first stage exhibiting the most significant efficiency reduction. Surface roughness intensifies flow losses by thickening the suction-side boundary layer

expanding the chordwise low-speed zone on the blade

and diminishing the kinetic energy within the high-speed core region of the flow field. The performance of the first-stage turbine was more significantly affected by roughness than that of the second and third stages. As the roughness increased

the intensity of the blade surface vorticity weakened

and the separation point moved upstream. This study reveals the influence law of wall roughness on the performance of multistage turbines

providing a theoretical basis for high-precision aerodynamic design

surface process control

and operation and maintenance strategies for high-power axial-flow turbines in CAES power stations.

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references

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