Electrochemical performance study and series verification of solid oxide fuel cells supported by ScSZ electrolyte tube

JIAN Junhui; LIN Zeyu; ZHENG Jiahui; LU Shengguo; TAO Tao; YAO Yingbang; ZHAO Xiaobo; LV Jianbing; FENG Li; LIANG Bo

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2025.0896

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Electrochemical performance study and series verification of solid oxide fuel cells supported by ScSZ electrolyte tube

Energy Storage Materials and Devices | 更新时间：2026-05-28

- Electrochemical performance study and series verification of solid oxide fuel cells supported by ScSZ electrolyte tube
- Energy Storage Science and Technology Vol. 15, Issue 2, Pages: 398-406(2026)
- 作者机构：
  
  1.广东工业大学材料与能源学院，广东广州 510006
  2.广东工业大学集成电路学院，广东广州 510006
  3.广东工业大学土木与交通工程学院，广东广州 510006
  4.佛山索弗克氢能有限公司，广东佛山 528000
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2025.0896
  CLC： TM 911.4
- Received：10 October 2025，
  
  Revised：2025-10-27，
  
  Published：28 February 2026
- 稿件说明：
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简俊辉, 林泽宇, 郑家辉, 等. 管式ScSZ电解质支撑固体氧化物燃料电池的电化学性能研究及其串联验证[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2026, 15(2): 398-406.

JIAN Junhui, LIN Zeyu, ZHENG Jiahui, et al. Electrochemical performance study and series verification of solid oxide fuel cells supported by ScSZ electrolyte tube[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2026, 15(2): 398-406.
简俊辉, 林泽宇, 郑家辉, 等. 管式ScSZ电解质支撑固体氧化物燃料电池的电化学性能研究及其串联验证[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2026, 15(2): 398-406. DOI： 10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2025.0896.

JIAN Junhui, LIN Zeyu, ZHENG Jiahui, et al. Electrochemical performance study and series verification of solid oxide fuel cells supported by ScSZ electrolyte tube[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2026, 15(2): 398-406. DOI： 10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2025.0896.

摘要

为解决基于传统的钇稳定氧化锆(YSZ)电解质的阳极支撑管式固体氧化物燃料电池(SOFC)中因高工作温度的需求所带来的热机械应力问题，本研究制备了一种基于钪稳定氧化锆(ScSZ)电解质支撑的管式固体氧化物燃料电池(SOFC)。采用冷等静压与无芯磨技术制备高致密ScSZ电解质管，其厚度约为220 μm。并涂覆Ag-ScSZ浆料并烧结充当对称电极以提升界面兼容性与电化学性能，

成功制备得到Ag-ScSZ|ScSZ|Ag-ScSZ单电池。使用X射线衍射仪(XRD)对ScSZ电解质和Ag-ScSZ电极进行相分析，ScSZ电解质维持萤石立方结构，且Ag-ScSZ没有产生副相，为ScSZ电解质支撑管式SOFC的高性能提供物相基础。使用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和能谱仪(EDS)对单电池截面进行结构分析和元素分析，观察到致密的ScSZ电解质以及分布结构良好的Ag-ScSZ电极，为ScSZ电解质支撑管式SOFC提供优秀的离子传导路径和结构合理的反应区域。电化学性能方面，ScSZ电解质支撑的对称电池显著优于传统YSZ的电解质支撑对称电池。850℃下的ScSZ电解质支撑SOFC相较于YSZ电解质支撑的SOFC，功率密度提升约98%；欧姆电阻降低17%，极化电阻降低了93%。同时单管ScSZ电解质支撑的SOFC在900℃下能够达到约244 mW/cm

的功率密度。且ScSZ电解质支撑的单电池在0.7 V的电压下进行35小时恒压放电，能够稳定输出约300 mA/cm

的电流密度，无明显性能衰弱。此外，为提升电压和功率，使用螺旋取电方式将两根管式ScSZ电解质支撑单电池进行串联，构建了最基础的双管串联电堆，实现了约2倍的电压提升和1.9倍的功率增强，验证了该结构在电堆集成中的应用潜力。本研究为管式电解质支撑SOFC领域后续的发展提供了实验依据。

Abstract

High operating temperatures often cause thermal mechanical stress in anode-supported tubular solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) using traditional yttrium-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) electrolytes. To overcome this issue

this study developed a new type of tubular SOFC supported by a scandium-stabilized zirconia (ScSZ) electrolyte. High-density ScSZ electrolyte tubes were prepared using cold isostatic pressing and coreless grinding techniques and then sintered at high temperatures to achieve a thickness of approximately 220 μm. The Ag-ScSZ|ScSZ|Ag-ScSZ single cells were successfully prepared by coating a Ag-ScSZ slurry on the ScSZ electrolyte and then sintering it at a high temperature to form a symmetrical electrode to improve interface compatibility and electrochemical performance. Phase analysis of the ScSZ electrolyte and Ag-ScSZ electrode was carried out by X-ray diffraction. The ScSZ electrolyte retains its fluorite cubic structure

while no secondary phases appears in Ag-ScSZ

providing a solid foundation for the high performance of tubular SOFCs. Scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive spectroscopy were used to analyze the structure and elemental distribution of the single-cell cross section. Dense layers of the ScSZ electrolyte and a well-distributed Ag-ScSZ electrode were observed

which create excellent pathways for ion conduction.

Notably

the ScSZ electrolyte-supported symmetric tubular single cell showed significantly better electrochemical performance than the traditional YSZ electrolyte-supported symmetric single cell

verifying the excellent ionic conductivity of the ScSZ electrolyte compared to the YSZ electrolyte. The power density of the ScSZ electrolyte-supported SOFC at 850℃ increased by approximately 87% compared to that of the YSZ electrolyte-supported SOFC. Meanwhile

the Ohmic and polarization resistances of the ScSZ electrolyte-supported SOFC decreased by 17% and 93%

respectively. This cell can also achieve a power density of approximately 244 mW/cm

at 900℃ and stably output the current density of 300 mA/cm

without significant performance degradation after 35 hours of constant voltage discharge at 0.7 V. These findings demonstrate the excellent electrochemical stability of the ScSZ electrolyte-supported tubular single cells. In addition

to improve electrochemical performance

a basic dual-tube series stack was constructed by connecting two ScSZ electrolyte-supported single cells in series using a spiral current collecting method. This stack achieved a two-fold voltage increase and a power enhancement of 1.9 times

demonstrating its potential in stack integration. This study provides experimental evidence for the future development of tubular electrolyte-supported SOFCs.

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