Optimal design and experimental evaluation of composite phase change materials under dynamic high-temperature heat-flow conditions

HE Xibo; WANG Wei; SHUAI Yong

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2025.0844

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Optimal design and experimental evaluation of composite phase change materials under dynamic high-temperature heat-flow conditions

Energy Storage Materials and Devices | 更新时间：2026-05-28

- Optimal design and experimental evaluation of composite phase change materials under dynamic high-temperature heat-flow conditions
- Energy Storage Science and Technology Vol. 15, Issue 2, Pages: 344-352(2026)
- 作者机构：
  
  哈尔滨工业大学能源科学与工程学院，国家储能技术产教融合创新平台，黑龙江哈尔滨 150001
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2025.0844
  CLC： TK 02
- Received：16 September 2025，
  
  Revised：2025-10-30，
  
  Published：28 February 2026
- 稿件说明：
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何西波, 王伟, 帅永. 陶瓷基复合储热材料的制备与动态高温热流作用下的性能研究[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2026, 15(2): 344-352.

HE Xibo, WANG Wei, SHUAI Yong. Optimal design and experimental evaluation of composite phase change materials under dynamic high-temperature heat-flow conditions[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2026, 15(2): 344-352.
何西波, 王伟, 帅永. 陶瓷基复合储热材料的制备与动态高温热流作用下的性能研究[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2026, 15(2): 344-352. DOI： 10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2025.0844.

HE Xibo, WANG Wei, SHUAI Yong. Optimal design and experimental evaluation of composite phase change materials under dynamic high-temperature heat-flow conditions[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2026, 15(2): 344-352. DOI： 10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2025.0844.

摘要

长周期、动态高温热流持续储/放热工况下，定形复合相变储热材料熔盐的泄漏量远大于稳定条件。本研究对陶瓷基复合相变材料的制备工艺与单元结构进行优化，以提升其在动态高温热流作用下的热循环稳定性。通过不锈钢空心球对皮瓤结构的球形陶瓷基储热单元进行二次封装，两者间采用碳粉降低热阻，进一步设计并完成连续12 h、400℃的高温热流作用下的实验测试以对比不同复合储热材料间的泄漏性。优化后的新型陶瓷基球形储热材料的质量衰减仅为0.73%，有效储热量衰减0.68%，且具备优异的传热速率，这归结于多孔陶瓷骨架强而有力的吸附力和传热，以及球形不锈钢外壳提供的均匀受热面积。此外，通过一系列实验评估新型复合相变储热材料在填充床潜热储热系统内部的热传输过程，系统完成储/放热的时间分别为27 min和14 min，整体的储/放热效率为71.4%，㶲效率为64.8%，同样高于硅藻土基相变储热单元与不锈钢直接封装熔盐的相变储热单元。研究结果可为定形复合相变材料在余热回收、光热利用等领域的实际应用提供重要的指导和参考。

Abstract

Under long-term

dynamic high-temperature heat flow charging and discharging conditions

the leakage amount of shape-stabilized composite phase change materials (CPCMs) is much greater than that under stable conditions. Herein

the preparation process and unit structure of a ceramic-based CPCM were optimized to enhance their thermal cycling stability under dynamic high-temperature heat flow. Hollow stainless-steel balls were used to encapsulate the spherical skin-flesh structure of the CPCM

and carbon powder was introduced between the two components to reduce thermal resistance.A continuous 12-h experiment at 400℃ was designed and conducted to compare the leakage behavior of different CPCMs. The optimized ceramic-based CPCM exhibited a mass attenuation rate of only 0.73%

while its effective heat storage capacity was reduced by just 0.68%. In addition

it demonstrated an excellent heat transfer rate. These improvements are attributable to the strong adsorption force of the porous ceramic framework

enhanced heat transfer

and the uniform heating provided by the spherical stainless-steel shell. Moreover

a series of experiments was conducted to evaluate the heat transfer performance of the new CPCM in a packed bed latent thermal energy storage system. The complete charging and discharging times were 27 min and 14 min

respectively. The overall thermal efficiency reached 71.4%

and the exergy efficiency was 64.8%

both of which were much higher than those of the diatomite-based CPCM and directly stainless-steel-encapsulated molten salt. These results provide important guidance and references for the practical application of shape-stabilized CPCMs in fields such as waste heat recovery and photothermal utilization.

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