Research on charge-discharge characteristics and thermal management of lithium battery for energy storage

XIONG Jie; YU Haibo; LI Xiang; ZHU Jian; WANG Wanchun; LI Chuang

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2025.0788

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Research on charge-discharge characteristics and thermal management of lithium battery for energy storage

Energy Storage Test\: Methods and Evaluation | 更新时间：2026-05-28

- Research on charge-discharge characteristics and thermal management of lithium battery for energy storage
- Energy Storage Science and Technology Vol. 15, Issue 2, Pages: 616-627(2026)
- 作者机构：
  
  1.南京南瑞继保电气有限公司，江苏南京 210094
  2.西安交通大学机械工程学院，陕西西安 710049
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2025.0788
  CLC： TH 12
- Received：04 September 2025，
  
  Revised：2025-10-18，
  
  Published：28 February 2026
- 稿件说明：
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熊杰, 于海波, 李响, 等. 储能锂电池充放电特性和热管理研究[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2026, 15(2): 616-627.

XIONG Jie, YU Haibo, LI Xiang, et al. Research on charge-discharge characteristics and thermal management of lithium battery for energy storage[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2026, 15(2): 616-627.
熊杰, 于海波, 李响, 等. 储能锂电池充放电特性和热管理研究[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2026, 15(2): 616-627. DOI： 10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2025.0788.

XIONG Jie, YU Haibo, LI Xiang, et al. Research on charge-discharge characteristics and thermal management of lithium battery for energy storage[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2026, 15(2): 616-627. DOI： 10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2025.0788.

摘要

锂电池储能在辅助可再生能源并网、电网调频和调峰等方面发挥重要作用，精准的电池模型描述是储能电池系统状态估计和能量管理的基础。本文对储能锂电池在充放电过程中的电特性和热特性进行了研究，采用多物理场耦合建立储能液冷电池模块的有限元仿真计算模型，并求解得到充放电全过程电池模块的电特性、温度场分布和流场分布。搭建充放电测试平台对某液冷电池模块进行了试验测量，得到充放电过程中电压、电流、荷电状态等电特性参数和产热功率、冷却功率、温度等热特性参数随时间的变化，实验测试结果和仿真计算结果匹配良好。最后通过仿真计算模型对比分析了冷却液流量和电池初始温度对电池模块的电特性、热特性和流场特性的影响。该仿真计算方法和所获结果能为储能锂电池的状态估计、热管理参数优化提供依据。

Abstract

Lithium-ion batteries play an important role in supporting grid-connected renewable energy systems and enhancing grid frequency modulation and peak shaving. Accurate battery model descriptions are essential for state estimation and energy management of battery-based energy storage systems. The objective of this study is to investigate the electrical and thermal characteristics of lithium-ion batteries during charging and discharging. A finite-element model of a liquid-cooled battery module is constructed based on multiphysical field coupling

and its electrical characteristics

temperature field distribution

and flow field distribution are calculated. Moreover

experimental measurements are performed to test the liquid-cooled battery module and determine the electrical characteristic parameters

such as voltage

current

and state of charge

as well as the thermal characteristic parameters

such as heat generation

cooling power

and temperature

during the charging-discharging cycle. The numerical and experimental results are in good agreement

confirming the effectiveness of the numerical simulation method. In addition

parametric studies were conducted to analyze the effects of coolant flow rate and initial battery temperature on the electrical

thermal

and flow-field characteristics of the battery module. The numerical and experimental results obtained in this study can provide a basis for state estimation

thermal management

and parameter optimization of lithium-ion batteries.

关键词

Keywords

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