面向高温显热储能的固体颗粒材料性能数据库构建与多维指标评价

张永春; 张启涵; 贾颖; 方青帅; 张骁; 周敏敏; 王越明; 段伦博

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2026.0803

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面向高温显热储能的固体颗粒材料性能数据库构建与多维指标评价

储能材料与器件 | 更新时间：2026-10-19

- 面向高温显热储能的固体颗粒材料性能数据库构建与多维指标评价
- Performance Database Construction and Multidimensional Evaluation of Solid Particle Materials for High-Temperature Sensible Heat Storage
- 储能科学与技术 2026年页码：1-15
- 作者机构：
  
  1.江苏省特种设备安全监督检验研究院，江苏省南京市 210036
  2.江苏省市场监管技术创新中心-锅炉安全节能环保，江苏省无锡市 214174
  3.东南大学能源与环境学院，江苏省南京市 211102
  4.南京化学工业园热电有限公司，江苏省南京市 211500
- 作者简介：
  
  张永春（1982—），男，博士，高级工程师，主要从事特种设备安全监管研究，E-mail：zh_yongchun@163.com；
  王越明，副教授，主要从事长时储能技术及受热面安全管控研究，E-mail：yueming@seu.edu.cn。
- 基金信息：
  
  江苏省市场监督管理局科技计划资助项目(KJ2025001)
- DOI：10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2026.0803
  中图分类号： TK 11
- 收稿：2026-09-14，
  
  修回：2026-10-03，
  
  网络首发：2026-10-19，
- 稿件说明：
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张永春, 张启涵, 贾颖, 等. 面向高温显热储能的固体颗粒材料性能数据库构建与多维指标评价[J]. 储能科学与技术, XXXX, XX(XX): 1-15.

Zhang Yongchun, Zhang Qihan, Jia Ying, et al. Performance Database Construction and Multidimensional Evaluation of Solid Particle Materials for High-Temperature Sensible Heat Storage[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, XXXX, XX(XX): 1-15.
张永春, 张启涵, 贾颖, 等. 面向高温显热储能的固体颗粒材料性能数据库构建与多维指标评价[J]. 储能科学与技术, XXXX, XX(XX): 1-15. DOI： 10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2026.0803.

Zhang Yongchun, Zhang Qihan, Jia Ying, et al. Performance Database Construction and Multidimensional Evaluation of Solid Particle Materials for High-Temperature Sensible Heat Storage[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, XXXX, XX(XX): 1-15. DOI： 10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2026.0803.

摘要

针对高温显热储能固体颗粒材料种类多、物性数据分散以及不同材料难以统一评价的问题，本文构建了包含71种候选材料的固体颗粒显热储热性能数据库，涵盖比热容、密度、体积热容、热导率、最高使用温度和价格6项关键参数，采用Z-score标准化与层次聚类方法分析不同材料的多维性能分布特征，并对66种具有可比性的候选材料开展Pearson相关性分析。结果表明，密度与体积热容之间具有较强正相关性，相关系数为0.78；热导率与最高使用温度呈中等程度正相关，相关系数为0.50，而其余性能参数之间相关性较弱。进一步选取体积热容、热导率、最高使用温度和价格4项指标构建CRITIC-TOPSIS综合评价体系，其客观权重分别为33.14%、19.78%、21.99%和25.10%。综合评价结果表明，氧化镁、碳化硅和氧化铝分别以0.7047、0.6694和0.6581的综合得分位列前三；电弧炉粉尘和碳酸盐浮选废料分别位列第4和第5，表明部分工业固废凭借较高的体积储热能力和低成本优势在本文构建的评价体系下表现出较好的初步筛选结果。不同类别优选代表材料的六维性能对比进一步表明，各类材料的优势来源存在明显差异，固体颗粒储热介质的优选应综合考虑储热、传热、高温适用范围及经济性等多维性能。本研究可为高温显热储能固体颗粒材料的筛选及工程应用提供数据基础和评价参考。

Abstract

High-temperature sensible heat storage based on solid particles has attracted increasing attention because of its wide operating temperature range

relatively simple system configuration

broad material availability

and potential for large-scale thermal energy storage. However

the large variety of candidate solid materials

the scattered thermophysical property data reported in different studies

and the lack of a unified evaluation framework make it difficult to directly compare and screen materials for engineering applications. To address these issues

this study establishes a performance database for solid-particle materials used in high-temperature sensible heat storage. A total of 71 candidate materials are collected

covering six key parameters

including specific heat capacity

density

volumetric heat capacity

thermal conductivity

maximum service temperature

and material price. Z-score normalization and hierarchical clustering are employed to characterize the multidimensional performance distribution and similarity among different materials. In addition

Pearson correlation analysis is conducted for 66 comparable candidate materials to identify statistical relationships and potential information redundancy among the six performance parameters. The results show that density exhibits a strong positive correlation with volumetric heat capacity

with a Pearson correlation coefficient of 0.78

while the correlation coefficient between thermal conductivity and maximum service temperature is 0.50

indicating a moderate positive correlation. In contrast

most other parameter pairs show relatively weak correlations

suggesting that thermal storage capacity

heat-transfer performance

high-temperature applicability

and economic performance represent relatively independent dimensions of material performance. Considering both the physical relationships among the parameters and the need to avoid repeated weighting of closely related indicators

volumetric heat capacity

thermal conductivity

maximum service temperature

and material price are selected as the core indicators for comprehensive evaluation. The Criteria Importance Through Intercriteria Correlation (CRITIC) method is used to objectiv

ely determine the indicator weights by simultaneously considering data dispersion and inter-indicator correlation

and the Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) method is subsequently applied to rank the candidate materials according to their distance from the positive and negative ideal solutions. The CRITIC weights of volumetric heat capacity

thermal conductivity

maximum service temperature

and material price are calculated to be 33.14%

19.78%

21.99%

and 25.10%

respectively. The TOPSIS results show that MgO

SiC

and Al

rank first

second

and third

with comprehensive scores of 0.7047

0.6694

and 0.6581

respectively. Electric arc furnace dust and carbonate flotation waste rank fourth and fifth. These results indicate that

under the evaluation framework adopted in this study

some industrial solid wastes achieve favorable preliminary screening results because of their relatively high volumetric heat-storage capability and low material acquisition cost. However

such rankings should be regarded as material-level preliminary screening results rather than direct recommendations for engineering application. Furthermore

six-dimensional performance comparisons of representative materials from different categories reveal distinct sources of performance advantages. High-performance ceramics generally show advantages in thermal conductivity and maximum service temperature

whereas natural minerals exhibit a relatively balanced combination of thermal storage performance and cost. Some industrial solid wastes show advantages mainly in volumetric heat capacity and economic performance. These results demonstrate that the selection of solid-particle sensible heat storage media should consider the coordinated trade-off among thermal storage performance

heat-transfer capability

high-temperature applicability

and economic performance rather than relying on a single parameter. The developed database and multicriteria evaluation framework can provide a quant

itative basis for the preliminary screening and subsequent engineering assessment of solid-particle materials for high-temperature sensible heat storage.

关键词

Keywords

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