面向弱电网构网型储能测试的虚实阻抗协同短路比连续模拟方法研究

宗思佳; 亚夏尔· 吐尔洪; 李义岩; 苏麦雅· 艾克帕尔; 甫日甫才仁; 赵清华; 郑云平

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2026.0675

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面向弱电网构网型储能测试的虚实阻抗协同短路比连续模拟方法研究

XXXX | 更新时间：2026-09-18

- 面向弱电网构网型储能测试的虚实阻抗协同短路比连续模拟方法研究
- Continuous Short-Circuit Ratio Simulation Based on Coordinated Physical-Virtual Impedance for Grid-Forming Energy Storage Testing in Weak Grids
- 储能科学与技术 2026年页码：1-14
- 作者机构：
  
  国网新疆电力有限公司电力科学研究院，新疆维吾尔自治区乌鲁木齐 830063
- 作者简介：
  
  宗思佳（1995—），女，硕士，助理工程师，研究方向为新能源及储能技术，E-mail：313399288@qq.com；
- 基金信息：
  
  国家电网有限公司科技项目资助(SGXJDK00XXJS2600047)
- DOI：10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2026.0675
  中图分类号： TM 74
- 收稿：2026-07-31，
  
  修回：2026-09-16，
  
  网络首发：2026-09-17，
- 稿件说明：
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宗思佳, 亚夏尔·吐尔洪, 李义岩, 等. 面向弱电网构网型储能测试的虚实阻抗协同短路比连续模拟方法研究[J]. 储能科学与技术, XXXX, XX(XX): 1-14.

Zong Sijia, Yaxar Turgun, Li Yiyan, et al. Continuous Short-Circuit Ratio Simulation Based on Coordinated Physical-Virtual Impedance for Grid-Forming Energy Storage Testing in Weak Grids[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, XXXX, XX(XX): 1-14.
宗思佳, 亚夏尔·吐尔洪, 李义岩, 等. 面向弱电网构网型储能测试的虚实阻抗协同短路比连续模拟方法研究[J]. 储能科学与技术, XXXX, XX(XX): 1-14. DOI： 10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2026.0675.

Zong Sijia, Yaxar Turgun, Li Yiyan, et al. Continuous Short-Circuit Ratio Simulation Based on Coordinated Physical-Virtual Impedance for Grid-Forming Energy Storage Testing in Weak Grids[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, XXXX, XX(XX): 1-14. DOI： 10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2026.0675.

摘要

为解决构网型储能涉网试验中电网强度难以宽范围连续调节的问题，提出一种虚实阻抗协同的短路比连续模拟方法。针对固定物理阻抗调节离散、投切冲击及纯虚拟阻抗受数字延时影响易产生负阻尼的问题，分析两类传统方案的机理与局限。设计按1、2、4二进制权重配置的3-bit级联物理阻抗网络，提供真实阻尼和稳态潮流约束；在电网模拟源底层引入连续控制集模型预测控制，提高虚拟阻抗指令的动态跟踪能力。进一步提出物理阻抗档位与虚拟阻抗增益协同解算方法，将目标阻抗分解为整数物理档位和连续虚拟补偿量，通过限幅、二进制译码及边界处理，实现短路比在8.0至1.0范围内连续调节。基于全电磁暂态模型，设置短路比连续变化、阶跃突变、频率阶跃及电压跌落等工况，并与固定物理阻抗法和纯虚拟阻抗法对比。结果表明，所提方法能够连续复现目标阻抗变化，减弱档位切换产生的暂态失配，抑制极弱电网下的电流过冲与低频功率振荡。该方法兼顾物理阻尼和虚拟阻抗连续调节能力，可为构网型储能弱电网涉网试验提供连续、可控的阻抗环境及暂态性能评估条件。

Abstract

To enable wide-range and continuous grid-strength emulation for grid-forming energy-storage testing

a continuous short-circuit ratio method based on coordinated physical and virtual impedance is proposed. The mechanisms and limitations of fixed physical impedance

including discrete adjustment and switching transients

and pure virtual impedance

including delay-induced negative damping

are analyzed. A 3-bit cascaded physical-impedance network with binary weights of 1

and 4 provides physical damping and steady-state power-flow constraints. Continuous-control-set model predictive control is incorporated into the grid simulator to improve the dynamic tracking of virtual-impedance commands. A coordinated calculation method decomposes the target impedance into an integer physical level and a continuous virtual compensation component. Limiting

binary decoding

and boundary handling enable continuous SCR adjustment from 8.0 to 1.0. Electromagnetic-transient simulations are conducted under continuous SCR variation

an SCR step

a frequency step

and a voltage sag

with fixed physical-impedance and pure virtual-impedance methods used for comparison. The results show that the proposed method reproduces continuous target-impedance variation

mitigates transient mismatch during physical-level switching

and suppresses current overshoot and low-frequency power oscillations under extremely weak grid conditions. The method combines physical damping with continuous virtual adjustment and provides a controllable impedance environment for transient performance evaluation of grid-forming energy storage under weak-grid conditions.

关键词

Keywords

references

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