计及需求响应与碳交易的高原数据中心复合式压缩空气储能系统协同优化策略

张兴业; 陈晓弢; 李晓康; 朱昱豪; 海昕; 梅生伟

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2026.0601

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计及需求响应与碳交易的高原数据中心复合式压缩空气储能系统协同优化策略

储能XXXX | 更新时间：2026-09-07

- 计及需求响应与碳交易的高原数据中心复合式压缩空气储能系统协同优化策略
- A Collaborative Optimization Strategy for Plateau Data Centers with Hybrid Compressed Air Energy Storage Considering Demand Response and Carbon Trading
- 储能科学与技术 2026年页码：1-12
- 作者机构：
  
  青海大学能源与电气工程学院，青海省西宁市 810016
- 作者简介：
  
  张兴业（2002—），男，硕士研究生（在读），研究方向为压缩空气储能系统，E-mail：13623178731@163.com；
  陈晓弢，教授，研究方研究方向为新型储能技术、综合能源系统优化调度，E-mail：chenxiaotao@qhu.edu.cn。
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金联合基金项目(U22A20224)
- DOI：10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2026.0601
  中图分类号： TK 02
- 收稿：2026-07-13，
  
  修回：2026-08-13，
  
  网络首发：2026-09-07，
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
张兴业, 陈晓弢, 李晓康, 等. 计及需求响应与碳交易的高原数据中心复合式压缩空气储能系统协同优化策略[J]. 储能科学与技术, XXXX, XX(XX): 1-12.

ZHANG Xingye, CHEN Xiaotao, LI Xiaokang, et al. A Collaborative Optimization Strategy for Plateau Data Centers with Hybrid Compressed Air Energy Storage Considering Demand Response and Carbon Trading[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, XXXX, XX(XX): 1-12.
张兴业, 陈晓弢, 李晓康, 等. 计及需求响应与碳交易的高原数据中心复合式压缩空气储能系统协同优化策略[J]. 储能科学与技术, XXXX, XX(XX): 1-12. DOI： 10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2026.0601.

ZHANG Xingye, CHEN Xiaotao, LI Xiaokang, et al. A Collaborative Optimization Strategy for Plateau Data Centers with Hybrid Compressed Air Energy Storage Considering Demand Response and Carbon Trading[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, XXXX, XX(XX): 1-12. DOI： 10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2026.0601.

摘要

针对高原地区数据中心柴油发电机备用成本高、碳排放量大及新能源消纳压力突出等问题，提出一种计及综合需求响应与阶梯式碳交易的复合式压缩空气储能综合能源系统协同优化调度策略。首先，以满足数据中心多能流供能需求为目标，构建以压缩空气储能为能量枢纽的综合能源系统，实现压缩热回收与多能协同利用。其次，引入可转移、可替代和可削减三类负荷响应机制，并建立阶梯式碳交易模型，以购能、运维、需求响应补偿和碳交易成本之和最小为目标，构建混合整数线性规划模型。最后，以高原地区某数据中心产业园为算例，设置四种场景进行对比。结果表明，同时引入需求响应机制与阶梯式碳交易后，系统可根据分时电价、新能源出力及碳成本变化优化设备运行，促进多能负荷削峰填谷。与两种机制均未引入的场景相比，系统总运行成本降低了3840元，碳排放量减少了3.651吨，降幅分别为6.72%和8.09%。所提策略可有效提升系统经济性、低碳性和运行灵活性，为高原地区数据中心产业园优化运行提供了理论参考。

Abstract

To address the high standby costs of diesel generators

substantial carbon emissions

and increasing pressure on renewable energy accommodation in data centers located in plateau regions

a collaborative optimal scheduling strategy is proposed for an integrated energy system with hybrid compressed air energy storage

considering integrated demand response and stepped carbon trading. First

an integrated energy system with compressed air energy storage serving as the energy hub is developed to meet the multi-energy supply requirements of the data center

thereby enabling compression heat recovery and the coordinated utilization of multiple energy carriers. Subsequently

three types of load response

namely shiftable

substitutable

and curtailable loads

are incorporated

together with a stepped carbon trading model. A mixed-integer linear programming model is then formulated to minimize the total cost

including energy purchasing

operation and maintenance

demand response compensation

and carbon trading costs. Finally

a data center industrial park in a plateau region is selected as a case study

and four comparative scenarios are established. The results demonstrate that the joint implementation of demand response and stepped carbon trading enables the system to optimize equipment dispatch according to time-of-use electricity prices

renewable energy output

and carbon costs

thereby facilitating peak shaving and valley filling of multi-energy loads. Compared with the scenario in which neither mechanism is implemented

the total operating cost and carbon emissions are reduced by CNY 3

840 and 3.651 t

corresponding to reductions of 6.72% and 8.09%

respectively. The proposed strategy effectively improves the economic performance

low-carbon operation

and operational flexibility of the system

providing a theoretical reference for the optimal operation of data center industrial parks in plateau regions.

关键词

Keywords

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