内置加热器布置对熔盐储热单罐熔化传热及储热性能的影响

梁立强; 宋庆松; 张志鹏; 纪运广; 董富强; 李洪涛

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2026.0546

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内置加热器布置对熔盐储热单罐熔化传热及储热性能的影响

储能系统与工程 | 更新时间：2026-07-20

- 内置加热器布置对熔盐储热单罐熔化传热及储热性能的影响
- Effects of Built-in Heater Arrangement on Melting Heat Transfer and Thermal Storage Performance of a Single-Tank Molten Salt Thermal Energy Storage System
- 储能科学与技术 2026年页码：1-13
- 作者机构：
  
  1.河北科技大学，河北省石家庄 050018
  2.河北省第四建筑工程有限公司，河北省石家庄 050000
- 作者简介：
  
  梁立强（2001—），男，研究生（在读），研究方向：相变材料及零碳建筑的研究，E-mail：15128551608@163.com ；
  李洪涛，教授，研究方向，新能源利用及储热技术，E-mail：lht9542@163.com。
- 基金信息：
  
  河北省重大科技支撑计划项目(24294501Z)
- DOI：10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2026.0546
  中图分类号： TK 124
- 收稿：2026-06-28，
  
  修回：2026-07-09，
  
  网络首发：2026-07-18，
- 稿件说明：
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梁立强, 宋庆松, 张志鹏, 等. 内置加热器布置对熔盐储热单罐熔化传热及储热性能的影响[J]. 储能科学与技术, XXXX, XX(XX): 1-13.

LIANG Liqiang, SONG Qingsong, ZHANG Zhipeng, et al. Effects of Built-in Heater Arrangement on Melting Heat Transfer and Thermal Storage Performance of a Single-Tank Molten Salt Thermal Energy Storage System[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, XXXX, XX(XX): 1-13.
梁立强, 宋庆松, 张志鹏, 等. 内置加热器布置对熔盐储热单罐熔化传热及储热性能的影响[J]. 储能科学与技术, XXXX, XX(XX): 1-13. DOI： 10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2026.0546.

LIANG Liqiang, SONG Qingsong, ZHANG Zhipeng, et al. Effects of Built-in Heater Arrangement on Melting Heat Transfer and Thermal Storage Performance of a Single-Tank Molten Salt Thermal Energy Storage System[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, XXXX, XX(XX): 1-13. DOI： 10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2026.0546.

摘要

针对单罐熔盐储热系统在停机、低负荷运行或过度放热后易发生熔盐凝固并导致冷态重启困难的问题，以Hitec熔盐为储热介质，建立配置内置电加热器的三维瞬态数值模型，采用焓-多孔介质法模拟凝固熔盐再熔化过程，研究加热器数量、垂向位置及输入功率对解凝传热与储热性能的影响，并结合加热器尺度有效Rayleigh数、液相Péclet数和无量纲熔化速率表征传热阶段演化。结果表明，再熔化过程依次经历局部热扩散、自然对流强化和后期局部传热受限三个阶段；加热器由4组增至8组时，完全熔化时间缩短约5.0%，热源空间覆盖改善，残余未熔区域减小；安装高度由400 mm提高至800 mm时，完全熔化时间增加约25.9%，表明垂向位置显著影响残余固相分布及尾端熔化过程；输入功率由260 kW提高至300 kW时，完全熔化时间缩短约9.6%，但归一化能量利用系数由1.00降至约0.96，说明提高功率可缩短解凝时间，但能量利用水平有所降低。研究表明，工程尺度单罐冷态重启性能不仅受热输入强度影响，还显著取决于内置热源空间配置及热量输运路径；合理优化加热器数量与垂向位置可改善液相区连通和残余固相演化，为工业热风干燥用单罐熔盐储热系统冷态重启及内置电加热器配置提供参考。

Abstract

To address the difficulty of cold restart caused by molten salt solidification in single-tank molten salt thermal energy storage systems after shutdown

low-load operation

or excessive heat discharge

Hitec molten salt was selected as the thermal storage medium

and a three-dimensional transient numerical model equipped with built-in electric heaters was established. The enthalpy-porosity method was employed to simulate the remelting of solidified molten salt. The effects of heater number

vertical position

and input power on remelting heat transfer and thermal storage performance were investigated

and the evolution of heat-transfer stages was characterized using the heater-scale effective Rayleigh number

liquid-phase Péclet number

and dimensionless melting rate. The results show that the remelting process successively undergoes three stages: local thermal diffusion

natural-convection enhancement

and late-stage local heat-transfer limitation. Increasing the number of heaters from 4 to 8 groups shortens the complete melting time by approximately 5.0%

while improving the spatial coverage of heat sources and reducing residual unmelted regions. Increasing the installation height from 400 mm to 800 mm prolongs the complete melting time by approximately 25.9%

indicating that the vertical heater position significantly affects residual-solid distribution and final-stage melting. When the input power increases from 260 kW to 300 kW

the complete melting time decreases by approximately 9.6%

whereas the normalized energy-utilization coefficient declines from 1.00 to approximately 0.96

indicating that higher input power accelerates remelting but reduces the energy-utilization level. The results demonstrate that the cold-restart performance of an engineering-scale single-tank system depends not only on heat-input intensity but also strongly on the spatial configuration of internal heat sources and the resulting heat-transport paths. Rational optimization of heater number and vertical position can promote liquid-region connectivity and improve residual-solid evolution

providing a reference for the cold restart and built-in electric heater configuration of single-tank molten salt thermal energy storage systems for industrial hot-air drying applications.

关键词

Keywords

references

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