基于三维电化学-热耦合的磷酸铁锂电池热响应特性研究

李明; 陈文博; 方永哲; 王杨; 马步云; 史学伟; 李邦毓; 牛欣旺; 汪奂伶; 高飞; 石奇; 叶锋

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2026.0502

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基于三维电化学-热耦合的磷酸铁锂电池热响应特性研究

储能测试与评价 | 更新时间：2026-07-20

- 基于三维电化学-热耦合的磷酸铁锂电池热响应特性研究
- Thermal Response Characteristics of LiFePO₄ Batteries Based on a Three-Dimensional Electrochemical-Thermal Coupled Model
- 储能科学与技术 2026年页码：1-11
- 作者机构：
  
  1.国网冀北张家口风光储输新能源有限公司，河北省张家口 075000
  2.华北电力大学，北京市昌平区 102206
  3.中国电力科学研究院有限公司，北京市海淀区 100192
- 作者简介：
  
  李明（1988—），男，高级工程师，研究方向为新能源与储能技术，14793419038@163.com
  石奇，男，博士，工程师，研究方向为电池储能，shiqi@epri.sgcc.com.cn。
- 基金信息：
  
  国家电网有限公司总部管理科技项目(520101250036-367-ZN)
- DOI：10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2026.0502
  中图分类号： TM 911;
- 收稿：2026-06-13，
  
  修回：2026-07-15，
  
  网络首发：2026-07-18，
- 稿件说明：
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李明, 陈文博, 方永哲, 等. 基于三维电化学-热耦合的磷酸铁锂电池热响应特性研究[J]. 储能科学与技术, XXXX, XX(XX): 1-11.

LI Ming, CHEN Wenbo, FANG Yongzhe, et al. Thermal Response Characteristics of LiFePO₄ Batteries Based on a Three-Dimensional Electrochemical-Thermal Coupled Model[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, XXXX, XX(XX): 1-11. DOI: 10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2026.0502.
李明, 陈文博, 方永哲, 等. 基于三维电化学-热耦合的磷酸铁锂电池热响应特性研究[J]. 储能科学与技术, XXXX, XX(XX): 1-11. DOI： 10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2026.0502.

LI Ming, CHEN Wenbo, FANG Yongzhe, et al. Thermal Response Characteristics of LiFePO₄ Batteries Based on a Three-Dimensional Electrochemical-Thermal Coupled Model[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, XXXX, XX(XX): 1-11. DOI: 10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2026.0502. DOI：

摘要

针对储能系统运行过程中磷酸铁锂电池温升及温度分布不均问题，构建三维电化学-热耦合模型。在此基础上，研究不同充放电倍率及SOC运行区间下电池的产热行为、温度场分布及热响应特性。结果表明，模型计算结果与实验数据吻合良好，电压和温度平均绝对误差分别为1.32%和5.88%。随着倍率由0.5 C提高至2 C，电池最高温度由27.81℃升高至38.17℃，最大温差由2.31℃增至11.79℃，温度场非均匀性显著增强。电池产热以不可逆热为主，且其占比随倍率增加持续提高，2 C放电结束时达到96.5%，表明不可逆热是驱动温升的主要因素。三维温度场分析表明，电池最高温度逐渐由极耳区域向几何中心迁移，并在中心区域形成持续高温区。进一步研究发现，0.1~0.9 SOC运行区间能够有效避开充放电末期高产热区域，峰值温度较满充满放工况降低1.30℃，累计产热量分别较0~0.8 SOC和0.2~1 SOC工况降低4.8%和6.4%。研究结果表明，合理优化SOC运行窗口可有效抑制电池产热和温升，为储能电池热管理策略制定及运行工况优化提供理论依据。

Abstract

To address the issues of temperature rise and non-uniform temperature distribution in LiFePO

batteries during energy storage operation

a three-dimensional electrochemical-thermal coupled model was developed. The model was applied to investigate the heat generation behavior

temperature field distribution

and thermal response characteristics of the battery under different charge/discharge rates and SOC operating windows. The results show that the simulation agrees well with experimental measurements

with average absolute errors of 1.32% for voltage and 5.88% for temperature. As the charge/discharge rate increased from 0.5 C to 2 C

the maximum temperature increased from 27.81℃ to 38.17℃

while the maximum temperature difference increased from 2.31℃ to 11.79℃

indicating a significant deterioration in temperature uniformity. Irreversible heat dominated the total heat generation and its proportion continuously increased with C-rate

reaching 96.5% at the end of 2 C discharge. Three-dimensional temperature field analysis revealed that the hottest region gradually migrated from the tab area to the geometric center

where a persistent high-temperature zone was formed. Furthermore

the 0.1~0.9 SOC operating window effectively avoided the high heat-generation regions at the end of charge and discharge processes

reducing the peak temperature by 1.30℃ and decreasing the cumulative heat generation by 4.8% and 6.4% compared with the 0~0.8 SOC and 0.2~1 SOC windows

respectively. The results demonstrate that optimizing the SOC operating window can effectively suppress heat generation and temperature rise

providing theoretical guidance for thermal management and operational optimization of energy storage batteries.

关键词

Keywords

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