游离钠对钠离子电池制程及电化学性能的影响

王宇作; 邵海涛; 罗飞; 周家莉; 杨军; 李文州; 乔志军; 阮殿波; 周丽萍

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2026.0484

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游离钠对钠离子电池制程及电化学性能的影响

储能材料与器件 | 更新时间：2026-10-22

- 游离钠对钠离子电池制程及电化学性能的影响
- Effects of free sodium on electrode manufacturing and electrochemical performance of sodium-ion batteries
- 储能科学与技术 2026年15卷第10期页码：3851-3859
- 作者机构：
  
  1.银贮（阜阳）科技有限公司，安徽阜阳 236000
  2.宁波大学先进储能技术与装备研究院，浙江宁波 315000
  3.益佳通新能源股份有限公司，安徽宣城 242000
- 作者简介：
  
  王宇作（1990—），男，博士，助理研究员，研究方向为钠离子电池，E-mail：wangyuzuo@nbu.edu.cn；
  周丽萍，高级工程师，研究方向为储能电池，E-mail：zhoulp@eikto.cn。
- 基金信息：
  
  超长寿命磷酸铁锂电池及储能系统关键技术研发及产业化(202306e08020009);国家自然科学基金(52402270);浙江省“尖兵”“领雁”研发攻关计划项目(2026C04028)
- DOI：10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2026.0484
  中图分类号： TM 912.9
- 收稿：2026-06-04，
  
  修回：2026-06-24，
  
  纸质出版：2026-10-28
- 稿件说明：
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王宇作, 邵海涛, 罗飞, 等. 游离钠对钠离子电池制程及电化学性能的影响[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2026, 15(10): 3851-3859.

WANG Yuzuo, SHAO Haitao, LUO Fei, et al. Effects of free sodium on electrode manufacturing and electrochemical performance of sodium-ion batteries[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2026, 15(10): 3851-3859.
王宇作, 邵海涛, 罗飞, 等. 游离钠对钠离子电池制程及电化学性能的影响[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2026, 15(10): 3851-3859. DOI： 10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2026.0484.

WANG Yuzuo, SHAO Haitao, LUO Fei, et al. Effects of free sodium on electrode manufacturing and electrochemical performance of sodium-ion batteries[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2026, 15(10): 3851-3859. DOI： 10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2026.0484.

摘要

为研究层状氧化物正极材料中游离钠含量对钠离子电池工程化制备及电化学性能的影响，选取高、低游离钠含量的两种层状氧化物正极材料，系统分析其浆料流变行为、极片制程一致性、界面结合稳定性及电芯性能变化规律。结果表明，两种正极浆料均表现出典型的剪切变稀特征，满足连续涂布的基本工艺要求，但高游离钠含量会增强浆料内部颗粒相互作用和结构化程度，使浆料表现出更高黏度、更明显的静置增稠行为，并更早出现初步凝胶化和完全凝胶化现象。极片测试结果显示，高游离钠体系在涂布及辊压过程中边缘区域厚度波动更明显，极片一致性相对较差，且剥离强度低于低游离钠体系，表明其涂层与集流体之间的界面结合稳定性较弱。电化学测试结果表明，低游离钠体系具有更高初始放电容量和更低的交流内阻和直流内阻，在倍率性能、低温放电性能及长期循环稳定性方面均表现更优；循环800周后，低游离钠体系容量保持率接近92%，高于高游离钠体系的约90%。研究表明，层状氧化物正极材料游离钠含量会通过影响浆料稳定性和极片结构均匀性，进一步影响电池极化行为及循环稳定性，降低游离钠含量有利于提升钠离子电池工程化制备稳定性及综合电化学性能。

Abstract

To investigate the effects of free sodium content in layered oxide cathode materials on the engineering fabrication and electrochemical performance of sodium-ion batteries

two layered oxide cathodes with high and low free sodium contents were selected. We systematically analyzed their slurry rheological behavior

electrode manufacturing consistency

interfacial adhesion stability

and cell performance evolution. The results show that both cathode slurries exhibit typical shear-thinning behavior and meet the basic processing requirements for continuous coating. However

a higher free sodium content increases particle interactions and structuralization within the slurry

resulting in higher viscosity

more pronounced thickening during standing

and earlier initial and complete gelation. Electrode testing showed that the high-free-sodium system exhibits greater thickness fluctuations at the edge regions during coating and calendering

as well as poorer electrode consistency and lower peel strength compared to the low-free-sodium system. This suggests weaker interfacial adhesion stability between the coating layer and current collector. Electrochemical tests demonstrate that the low-free-sodium system achieves higher initial discharge capacity

lower alternating current resistance

and lower direct current internal resistance

along with better rate capability

low-temperature discharge performance

and long-term cycling stability. After 800 cycles

the capacity retention of the low-free-sodium system remains close to 92%

surpassing the approximately 90% retention of the high-free-sodium system. These findings indicate that free sodium content in layered oxide cathode materials significantly affects battery polarization behavior and cycling stability by influencing slurry stability and electrode structural uniformity. Therefore

reducing free sodium content is advantageous in enhancing the engineering fabrication stability and overall electrochemical performance of sodium-ion batteries.

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references

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