储热系统温度均匀性多因素影响规律研究进展

邓佳瑶; 胡晓; 郭志远; 常亮; 王一诺; 户雯婷; 张宏杰; 徐桂芝

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2026.0444

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储热系统温度均匀性多因素影响规律研究进展

储能系统与工程 | 更新时间：2026-09-18

- 储热系统温度均匀性多因素影响规律研究进展
- Research progress on the multi-factor influences on the temperature uniformity of the heat storage system
- 储能科学与技术 2026年15卷第9期页码：3636-3650
- 作者机构：
  
  中国电力科学研究院有限公司，北京 100192
- 作者简介：
  
  邓佳瑶（1996—），女，硕士，工程师，研究方向为储能技术，E-mail：d2825900341@163.com；
  徐桂芝，教授级高级工程师，研究方向为储能技术，E-mail：1507395973@qq.com。
- 基金信息：
  
  国家电网有限公司总部管理科技项目(5204BB250029-532-RC)
- DOI：10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2026.0444
  中图分类号： TK 11⁺4
- 收稿：2026-05-26，
  
  修回：2026-06-22，
  
  纸质出版：2026-09-28
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
邓佳瑶, 胡晓, 郭志远, 等. 储热系统温度均匀性多因素影响规律研究进展[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2026, 15(9): 3636-3650.

DENG Jiayao, HU Xiao, GUO Zhiyuan, et al. Research progress on the multi-factor influences on the temperature uniformity of the heat storage system[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2026, 15(9): 3636-3650.
邓佳瑶, 胡晓, 郭志远, 等. 储热系统温度均匀性多因素影响规律研究进展[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2026, 15(9): 3636-3650. DOI： 10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2026.0444.

DENG Jiayao, HU Xiao, GUO Zhiyuan, et al. Research progress on the multi-factor influences on the temperature uniformity of the heat storage system[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2026, 15(9): 3636-3650. DOI： 10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2026.0444.

摘要

储热技术具有高本征安全性、大规模、低成本、长时的优势，是破解可再生能源间歇性与波动性瓶颈，构建新型电力系统的重要支撑。当前的储热系统面临着温度分布不均的难题，影响系统运行与安全性，阻碍大规模工程化应用。本文综述了温度均匀性的内涵与评价体系及温度均匀性的研究方法；从储热材料热物性、系统结构设计、运行工况调控3个核心维度，全面解析了热导率、孔隙参数、储罐、翅片结构、系统运行参数对温度均匀性的影响机制与规律。研究表明：在材料热物性优化层面，通过高导热第二相（泡沫金属、碳材料、纳米粒子等）构建高导热网络是提升温度均匀性的主流路径，在此基础上开展孔隙率与孔隙密度的梯度寻优可实现最佳温度分布。在储罐结构与翅片结构优化层面，在进行结构设计时减小由结构增加的热阻是关键。在运行参数层面，入口温度升高会加剧温度不均；流速存在阈值，适当提升可改善均匀性；底部注入有助于温度分布均匀。最后，本文指出了当前研究在多参数耦合研究、动态变工况响应等方面存在的共性瓶颈，并展望了未来在多参数协同优化、动态变工况大规模实验研究等方向的发展趋势，可为储热系统的优化设计与工程化应用提供参考。

Abstract

Thermal energy storage (TES) offers inherent safety

large-scale scalability

low cost

and long-term economic benefits

making it a crucial technology for resolving renewable energy intermittency and fluctuations

thereby enabling the construction of new power systems. However

existing TES systems frequently suffer from nonuniform temperature distributions

which compromise system operation and safety and hinder large-scale applications. This review explores the connotation and evaluation systems of temperature uniformity

as well as the research methods for assessing it. The review leverages three core dimensions: material thermophysical properties

system structural design

and operation-condition regulation

to comprehensively analyze the influence mechanisms and laws of thermal conductivity

pore parameters

storage tanks

fin structure

and system operation parameters on temperature uniformity. Research shows that constructing high-conductivity networks through second phases (foam metals

carbon materials

nanoparticles

etc.) at the thermophysical-property optimization level is the mainstream path to improving material temperature uniformity. On this basis

gradient optimization of porosity and porosity density results in an optimal temperature distribution. Within the storage tank structure and at the fin-structure-optimization level

minimizing the thermal resistance induced by the structure during the design phase is vital. At the operational level

increasing the inlet temperature exacerbates thermal nonuniformity. Flow velocity exhibits a threshold effect: appropriate increases can improve temperature uniformity

while bottom injection promotes uniform temperature distribution. Finally

this review identifies common bottlenecks in multiparameter coupling research and dynamic variable-condition responses in recent research and outlines future development trends in multiparameter cooptimization

large-scale dynamic-variable-condition experimental research

etc.

to guide the design optimization and engineering applications of thermal storage systems.

关键词

Keywords

references

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