基于扇形码放区的重力储能系统低能耗质量块码放方法

李炎朔; 吴高昀; 李俊龙; 焦盛林; 赵海森; 张连成; 陈巨龙; 王祖凡

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2026.0428

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基于扇形码放区的重力储能系统低能耗质量块码放方法

储能系统与工程 | 更新时间：2026-09-18

- 基于扇形码放区的重力储能系统低能耗质量块码放方法
- A low energy consumption mass block stacking method for gravity energy storage systems based on fan shaped stacking areas
- 储能科学与技术 2026年15卷第9期页码：3622-3632
- 作者机构：
  
  1.华北电力大学电气与电子工程学院，北京 102206
  2.北华航天工业学院电子与控制工程学院，河北廊坊 065000
  3.贵州电网有限责任公司电网规划研究中心，贵州贵阳 550002
  4.国网朝阳供电公司，辽宁朝阳 122000
- 作者简介：
  
  李炎朔（2002—），男，硕士研究生，研究方向为重力储能码放优化，E-mail：599766076@qq.com；
  赵海森，教授，研究方向为电能转换与高效利用、先进电工材料及其电磁特性、新能源电力系统分析与控制，E-mail：zhaohisen@163.com。
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金资助项目(52177041)
- DOI：10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2026.0428
  中图分类号： TK 02
- 收稿：2026-05-15，
  
  修回：2026-07-02，
  
  纸质出版：2026-09-28
- 稿件说明：
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李炎朔, 吴高昀, 李俊龙, 等. 基于扇形码放区的重力储能系统低能耗质量块码放方法[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2026, 15(9): 3622-3632.

LI Yanshuo, WU Gaoyun, LI Junlong, et al. A low energy consumption mass block stacking method for gravity energy storage systems based on fan shaped stacking areas[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2026, 15(9): 3622-3632.
李炎朔, 吴高昀, 李俊龙, 等. 基于扇形码放区的重力储能系统低能耗质量块码放方法[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2026, 15(9): 3622-3632. DOI： 10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2026.0428.

LI Yanshuo, WU Gaoyun, LI Junlong, et al. A low energy consumption mass block stacking method for gravity energy storage systems based on fan shaped stacking areas[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2026, 15(9): 3622-3632. DOI： 10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2026.0428.

摘要

质量块码放是重力储能系统运行中的关键环节，其码放方式直接影响运输路径、设备运行能耗和系统整体效率。由于重力储能系统通常需要配置大量质量块，且单个质量块质量较大，在充放电过程中频繁搬运和存放会产生较高能耗。自动导引车（automated guided vehicle，AGV）在码放区内具有较高的路径规划灵活性，适用于重力储能质量块的自动化运输与码放。然而，传统方形码放区在运行过程中容易造成AGV频繁启停和转向，导致运输距离增加、运行时间延长，并进一步降低系统能量利用效率。为降低质量块码放过程中的运输能耗，本研究提出一种扇形码放区结构，建立AGV码放过程能耗模型，并以总能耗最小为目标，采用遗传算法对质量块码放位置进行优化。以1 MWh和100 MWh重力储能系统为例，分别对方形码放区和扇形码放区在传统码放方法与优化码放方法下的码放效果进行对比分析。结果表明，遗传算法能够有效优化质量块存放位置，降低码放能耗；扇形码放区相较传统方形码放区能够减少AGV的绕行距离、启停次数和转向损耗。综合考虑码放区结构优化和码放位置优化后，扇形优化方案相较方形传统方案的综合节能率可达到20.28%～33.64%，并具有一定的工程应用价值。

Abstract

Mass block stacking is a key process in the operation of gravity energy storage systems

directly impacting transport paths

equipment energy consumption

and overall system efficiency. Because gravity energy storage systems rely on numerous heavy mass blocks

frequent transportation and storage during charging and discharging consume significant energy. Automated guided vehicles (AGVs) offer high path-planning flexibility in stacking areas

making them suitable for automated mass block transportation and stacking in gravity energy storage systems. However

conventional square stacking areas tend to trigger frequent AGV start-stop cycles and turning during operation

thereby extending transport distances

prolonging operating time

and further reducing system energy-utilization efficiency. To mitigate transport-related energy consumption during mass block stacking

this study proposes a fan-shaped stacking-area layout

establishes an AGV stacking energy consumption model

and uses a genetic algorithm to optimize the mass block stacking positions to minimize total energy consumption. Using 1 MWh and 100 MWh gravity energy storage systems as case studies

the stacking performances of square and fan-shaped layouts were compared and analyzed under conventional and optimized stacking strategies. The results demonstrate that the genetic algorithm effectively optimizes the positions of mass blocks

significantly reducing energy consumption. Compared with conventional square stacking areas

the fan-shaped stacking design reduces AGV detour distance

start-stop frequency

and turning losses. By optimizing stacking-area layout and stacking position

the comprehensive energy-saving rate of the optimized fan-shaped scheme reaches 20.28%—33.64% compared with that of the conventional square scheme

demonstrating its strong engineering value.

关键词

Keywords

references

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