FEC添加剂提升预锂化石墨负极的循环稳定性

孙文轩; 刘钰昭; 董鹏远; 吕少茵; 陈柱; 邓啟熙; 李明飞; 饶睦敏; 廖友好; 李伟善

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2026.0391

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FEC添加剂提升预锂化石墨负极的循环稳定性

储能材料与器件 | 更新时间：2026-09-18

- FEC添加剂提升预锂化石墨负极的循环稳定性
- Enhanced cycling stability of prelithiated graphite anodes by FEC additive
- 储能科学与技术 2026年15卷第9期页码：3489-3496
- 作者机构：
  
  1.广东能源集团科学技术研究院有限公司，广东广州 510000
  2.华南师范大学化学学院，广东广州 510006
- 作者简介：
  
  孙文轩（1993—），男，硕士，工程师，研究方向为电化学储能，E-mail：sunwenxuan@geg.com.cn；
  刘钰昭，博士，工程师，研究方向为储能与新能源技术，E-mail：liuyuzhao@geg.com.cn
  廖友好，副研究员，研究方向为动力与储能电池材料，E-mail：liaoyh@scnu.edu.cn。
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2026.0391
  中图分类号： TM 912
- 收稿：2026-05-08，
  
  修回：2026-07-05，
  
  纸质出版：2026-09-28
- 稿件说明：
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孙文轩, 刘钰昭, 董鹏远, 等. FEC添加剂提升预锂化石墨负极的循环稳定性[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2026, 15(9): 3489-3496.

SUN Wenxuan, LIU Yuzhao, DONG Pengyuan, et al. Enhanced cycling stability of prelithiated graphite anodes by FEC additive[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2026, 15(9): 3489-3496.
孙文轩, 刘钰昭, 董鹏远, 等. FEC添加剂提升预锂化石墨负极的循环稳定性[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2026, 15(9): 3489-3496. DOI： 10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2026.0391.

SUN Wenxuan, LIU Yuzhao, DONG Pengyuan, et al. Enhanced cycling stability of prelithiated graphite anodes by FEC additive[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2026, 15(9): 3489-3496. DOI： 10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2026.0391.

摘要

以商业化石墨为负极的锂离子电池（LIBs）的能量密度与循环稳定性仍有提升空间。石墨本体预锂化及电解液添加剂改善界面是突破石墨基LIBs性能瓶颈的最有效策略。本工作采用氟代碳酸乙烯酯（FEC）电解液成膜添加剂，通过界面动力学调控改善预锂化石墨负极的电化学性能。预锂化石墨/Li半电池中，使用基础电解液体系在0.2 C倍率经300次循环后容量保持率为43.0%（未预锂化电池仅为27.9%）。在电解液中添加1% FEC后，电池在循环600次后容量几乎没有衰减。在25℃转至0℃低温时，电池容量降幅从39.5%（不含添加剂）减少至15.7%。石墨||LiFePO

全电池中，未预锂化石墨添加1% FEC后，0.5 C循环200次容量保持率从71.6%提升至73.7%，而预锂化石墨添加1% FEC后，容量保持率从94.2%提升至97.1%。实验结果证实了FEC添加剂协同负极补锂作用可以显著提升电池的循环稳定性。因此，FEC诱导预锂化石墨负极表面形成高性能SEI膜，改善了石墨LIBs在常温和低温环境下的电化学性能，为极端环境下高能量密度LIBs的应用提供了可行的解决方案和理论支撑。

Abstract

The energy density and cycling stability of commercial graphite anode-based lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) still have considerable potential for improvement. Prelithiation of graphite and the incorporation of electrolyte additives to enhance interfacial stability are among the most effective strategies for overcoming the performance limitations of graphite-based LIBs. Herein

fluoroethylene carbonate

(FEC) is employed as a film-forming electrolyte additive to improve the electrochemical performance of prelithiated graphite anodes by modulating interfacial kinetics. The prelithiated graphite/Li half-cell utilizing the baseline electrolyte retains 43.0% of its capacity after 300 cycles at a rate of 0.2 C

compared with only 27.9% for the non-prelithiated counterpart. Upon the addition of 1% FEC

the battery demonstrates negligible capacity decay after 600 cycles. Furthermore

when the operating temperature is reduced from 25℃ to 0℃

the capacity loss of the battery decreases from 39.5% without FEC to 15.7% with FEC. In graphite||LiFePO

full cells

the capacity retention of the non-prelithiated graphite increases from 71.6% to 73.7% after 200 cycles at 0.5 C with the addition of FEC

whereas that of the prelithiated graphite electrode rises from 94.2% to 97.1%. These experimental results confirm that the synergistic effect of graphite prelithiation and the FEC additive significantly enhances the cycling stability of the battery. Therefore

FEC induces the formation of a high-quality solid electrolyte interphase on the surface of the prelithiated anode

improving the electrochemical performance of graphite-based LIBs under ambient and low-temperature conditions. This strategy provides a practical approach and theoretical basis for the development of high-energy-density LIBs capable of operating reliably in extreme environments.

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references

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