仿生叶脉的非均匀流道优化及电池液冷板传热特性研究

张泽龙; 张信; 焦艳; 朱虹; 胡浩威; 丁超

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2026.0389

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仿生叶脉的非均匀流道优化及电池液冷板传热特性研究

储能材料与器件 | 更新时间：2026-09-18

- 仿生叶脉的非均匀流道优化及电池液冷板传热特性研究
- Biomimetic leaf-vein-inspired nonuniform channel optimization and heat transfer characteristics of battery liquid cooling plate
- 储能科学与技术 2026年15卷第9期页码：3448-3461
- 作者机构：
  
  安徽建筑大学环境与能源工程学院，安徽合肥 230601
- 作者简介：
  
  张泽龙（1989—），男，讲师，主要研究方向为传热强化技术、锂电池热管理，E-mail：zzl@ahjzu.edu.cn；
  丁超，教授，研究方向为建筑环境与火灾防控、新能源火灾、防火材料，E-mail：dc707@ustc.edu.cn。
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金(52476097;52576051;52406166)
- DOI：10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2026.0389
  中图分类号： TK 124
- 收稿：2026-05-09，
  
  修回：2026-06-29，
  
  纸质出版：2026-09-28
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
张泽龙, 张信, 焦艳, 等. 仿生叶脉的非均匀流道优化及电池液冷板传热特性研究[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2026, 15(9): 3448-3461.

ZHANG Zelong, ZHANG Xin, JIAO Yan, et al. Biomimetic leaf-vein-inspired nonuniform channel optimization and heat transfer characteristics of battery liquid cooling plate[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2026, 15(9): 3448-3461.
张泽龙, 张信, 焦艳, 等. 仿生叶脉的非均匀流道优化及电池液冷板传热特性研究[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2026, 15(9): 3448-3461. DOI： 10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2026.0389.

ZHANG Zelong, ZHANG Xin, JIAO Yan, et al. Biomimetic leaf-vein-inspired nonuniform channel optimization and heat transfer characteristics of battery liquid cooling plate[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2026, 15(9): 3448-3461. DOI： 10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2026.0389.

摘要

为提高锂离子电池热管理系统的热工水力性能，本工作提出了一种受仿生叶脉启发的非均匀流道结构液冷板。该冷板沿冷却剂主流方向划分为入口区、过渡区和出口区3个功能区域。通过数值模拟，系统研究了分支数量、分支间距和分支宽度对冷却剂分配、温度均匀性及压降的影响。结果表明，增加分支数量所降低的压降幅度大于其引起的最高温度上升幅度。入口区采用适当的非均匀分支间距可改善冷却剂再分配，在可接受的水力代价下提升电池温度均匀性。分支宽度的影响效果与其所在区域密切相关：增大入口区和出口区的分支宽度会降低流动阻力，但削弱热性能；而适度增加过渡区宽度则可以改善温度均匀性。基于正交试验法和等权重法构建综合性能函数，确定了最优结构参数组合。在此结构下，最高温度、温差和压降分别为39.51℃、11.13℃和50.11 Pa，与原结构（

max

=40.38℃，∆

=12.44℃，∆

=45.95 Pa）相比，优化设计的最高温度降低2.15%，温差降低10.53%，而压降升高9.05%。综上，本研究所提出的非均匀设计在仅付出中等水力代价的情况下，显著改善了电池温度均匀性并抑制了温度峰值，展现了良好的综合热工水力性能。

Abstract

A biomimetic liquid cold plate with a leaf-vein-inspired nonuniform channel structure is proposed to improve the thermo-hydraulic performance of lithium-ion batter

y thermal management systems. The proposed cold plate was divided into three functional regions: inlet

transition outlet. The effects of branch number

spacing

and width on coolant distribution

temperature uniformity

and pressure drop were systematically investigated using numerical simulations. The results demonstrate that increasing the branch number reduced pressure drop but had little effect on the maximum temperature. An appropriate nonuniform branch spacing in the inlet region improved coolant redistribution and battery temperature uniformity with an acceptable hydraulic penalty. The effect of branch width depended strongly on the region. Increasing the width in the inlet and outlet regions reduced flow resistance but weakened thermal performance

whereas a moderate increase in the transition region improved temperature uniformity. Using orthogonal testing and equal-weight methods

a comprehensive performance function was constructed to determine the optimal combination of structural parameters. This optimization yielded a maximum temperature (

max

) of 39.51℃

a temperature difference (∆

) of 11.13℃

and a pressure drop of 50.11 Pa. Compared with the original structure (

max

= 40.38℃

∆

= 12.44℃

and ∆

= 45.95 Pa)

these values represent a 2.15% decrease in Tmax

a 10.53% decrease in ∆

and a 9.05% increase in ∆

. These results demonstrate that the proposed nonuniform design significantly improves the temperature uniformity of lithium-ion batteries while suppressing the temperature peak at only a moderate hydraulic cost

demonstrating excellent comprehensive thermo-hydraulic performance.

关键词

Keywords

references

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