不同PCM封装结构的相变水箱蓄放热性能研究

王瑞敏; 孙彬博; 余庆华; 冷光辉

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2026.0349

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不同PCM封装结构的相变水箱蓄放热性能研究

储能材料与器件 | 更新时间：2026-09-18

- 不同PCM封装结构的相变水箱蓄放热性能研究
- Study on heat storage and release performance of phase change water tanks with different PCM encapsulation structures
- 储能科学与技术 2026年15卷第9期页码：3476-3488
- 作者机构：
  
  1.武汉理工大学高温轻合金及应用技术全国重点实验室，湖北武汉 430070
  2.武汉理工大学现代汽车零部件技术湖北省重点实验室，湖北武汉 430070
  3.国辉（武汉）智慧能源有限公司，湖北武汉 430070
- 作者简介：
  
  王瑞敏（2001—），女，硕士研究生，研究方向为储热技术，E-mail：wangrm@whut.edu.cn；
  余庆华，教授，研究方向为储热技术，E-mail：qhyu@whut.edu.cn。
- 基金信息：
  
  湖北省自然科学基金联合基金(2023AFD187)
- DOI：10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2026.0349
  中图分类号： TK 11
- 收稿：2026-04-22，
  
  修回：2026-06-22，
  
  纸质出版：2026-09-28
- 稿件说明：
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王瑞敏, 孙彬博, 余庆华, 等. 不同PCM封装结构的相变水箱蓄放热性能研究[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2026, 15(9): 3476-3488.

WANG Ruimin, SUN Binbo, YU Qinghua, et al. Study on heat storage and release performance of phase change water tanks with different PCM encapsulation structures[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2026, 15(9): 3476-3488.
王瑞敏, 孙彬博, 余庆华, 等. 不同PCM封装结构的相变水箱蓄放热性能研究[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2026, 15(9): 3476-3488. DOI： 10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2026.0349.

WANG Ruimin, SUN Binbo, YU Qinghua, et al. Study on heat storage and release performance of phase change water tanks with different PCM encapsulation structures[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2026, 15(9): 3476-3488. DOI： 10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2026.0349.

摘要

为解决太阳能储热供暖系统中传统蓄热水箱热分层差、蓄热效率低、放热稳定性不足的问题，提升系统能源利用效率，本工作开展了相变蓄热水箱的结构设计、数值仿真与实验研究。首先，搭建小型相变水箱蓄热实验平台，对比相变水箱与传统水箱的蓄热性能，并利用实验结果验证数值模型。然后，设计平板形与圆环形两种相变材料（PCM）封装结构，基于验证后的数值模型开展仿真研究，对比分析两种结构在蓄热与放热工况下的性能差异，并探讨流速对放热特性的影响。实验结果表明，相变水箱的斜温层厚度较传统水箱减小10.7%，储热效率更优。数值仿真结果显示，圆环结构相变水箱的蓄热完成时间较平板结构缩短19.6%，放热时间延长13.7%；在低流速工况下，其放热持续时间达传统水箱的4.19倍，展现出更优的热分层效果与放热稳定性。本研究为高性能相变蓄热水箱的工程设计与优化提供了理论依据与技术支撑。

Abstract

To mitigate thermal stratification

low heat storage efficiency

and insufficient heat release stability in traditional solar thermal storage water tanks

this study performs a structural design

numerical simulation

and experimental investigation of phase change heat storage water tanks aimed at improving the energy utilization efficiency of the system. First

a small-scale phase change water tank heat storage experimental platform is built to compare the heat storage performance of phase change and traditional water tanks

and the numerical model is verified using the experimental results. Second

two types of phase change material encapsulation structures

namely

flat plate and annular

are designed. Based on the verified numerical model

simulation research is conducted to compare and analyze the performance differences between the two structures under heat storage and release conditions

and the influence of flow rate on the heat release characteristics is discussed. The experimental results demonstrate that the thermocline thickness of the phase change water tank is reduced by 10.7% compared with that of the traditional water tank while yielding higher heat storage efficiency. The numerical simulation results demonstrate that the heat storage completion time of the annular structure phase change water tank is shortened by 19.6% and the heat release time is prolonged by 13.7% compared with the flat plate structure. At low flow rates

the heat release duration of the tank is 4.19 times that of the traditional water tank

demonstrating superior thermal stratification effects and heat release stability. This study provides a theoretical basis and technical support for the engineering design and optimization of high-performance phase change heat storage water tanks.

关键词

Keywords

references

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