羟乙基-β-环糊精调控溴物种行为及其在高容量锌溴液流电池中的应用

陈俊卫; 胡全; 王明伟; 彭思然; 丁超; 邵天晶; 杨瑞景; 李伟平; 赵子铭; 王文丰; 李文津; 王超

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2026.0342

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羟乙基-β-环糊精调控溴物种行为及其在高容量锌溴液流电池中的应用

储能材料与器件 | 更新时间：2026-09-18

- 羟乙基-β-环糊精调控溴物种行为及其在高容量锌溴液流电池中的应用
- (2-Hydroxyethyl)-β-cyclodextrin as bromine capturing agent enables for high-capacity zinc-bromine flow batteries
- 储能科学与技术 2026年15卷第9期页码：3535-3546
- 作者机构：
  
  1.贵州电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院，贵州贵阳 550002
  2.贵州电网有限责任公司兴义供电局，贵州遵义 563000
  3.广东新型储能国家研究院有限公司，广东广州 510080
- 作者简介：
  
  陈俊卫（1976—），男，高级工程师，主要从事电力设备腐蚀防护及新型电力系统技术工作，E-mail：junwei.chen@163.com；
  李伟平，工程师，主要从事新型储能系统基础研究工作，E-mail：499450668@qq.com。
- 基金信息：
  
  南方电网重大科技专项(GZKJXM20232283)
- DOI：10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2026.0342
  中图分类号： O 69
- 收稿：2026-04-21，
  
  修回：2026-06-03，
  
  纸质出版：2026-09-28
- 稿件说明：
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陈俊卫, 胡全, 王明伟, 等. 羟乙基-β-环糊精调控溴物种行为及其在高容量锌溴液流电池中的应用[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2026, 15(9): 3535-3546.

CHEN Junwei, HU Quan, WANG Mingwei, et al. (2-Hydroxyethyl)-β-cyclodextrin as bromine capturing agent enables for high-capacity zinc-bromine flow batteries[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2026, 15(9): 3535-3546.
陈俊卫, 胡全, 王明伟, 等. 羟乙基-β-环糊精调控溴物种行为及其在高容量锌溴液流电池中的应用[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2026, 15(9): 3535-3546. DOI： 10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2026.0342.

CHEN Junwei, HU Quan, WANG Mingwei, et al. (2-Hydroxyethyl)-β-cyclodextrin as bromine capturing agent enables for high-capacity zinc-bromine flow batteries[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2026, 15(9): 3535-3546. DOI： 10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2026.0342.

摘要

锌溴液流电池（ZBFBs）因能量密度高（430 Wh/kg）、电解液活性物质来源丰富、成本低等优势，成为中长时储能领域的重要候选技术。但是，锌溴液流电池中聚溴阴离子（Br

+1-

）的跨膜穿梭会引发电解液分相产生反应死区，导致电池的实际容量持续衰减、寿命缩短。本研究采用羟乙基-β-环糊精作为溴捕获剂，利用其疏水空腔包合聚溴阴离子、亲水外壁使其在电解液中保持均相，以抑制聚溴阴离子的穿梭，开展均相溴电解液管理研究，并将其应用于锌溴液流电池中。通过DFT计算、NMR、跨膜穿梭测试以及电化学分析，系统研究了羟乙基-β-环糊精与聚溴阴离子的包合作用机制。研究发现：“疏水空腔包合”策略使得环糊精空腔与聚溴阴离子形成大体积包合物，从而有效抑制了聚溴阴离子的跨膜穿梭。将羟乙基-β-环糊精作为溴捕获剂应用于锌溴液流电池中，仅添加0.05 mol/L即可实现聚溴阴离子的高效捕获（库仑效率达94.5%），其液流电池在20% SOC时放电容量达到30.4 Ah/L，且具有优异的循环稳定性（300圈容量保持率为96.3%）。该工作为开发高容量稳定锌溴液流电池提供了有效的溴管理策略。

Abstract

Zinc-bromine flow batteries (ZBFBs) have been considered a promising long-duration energy storage technology owing to their high energy density (430 Wh/kg)

abundant sources of electrolyte-active materials

and cost-effectiveness. However

electrolyte phase separation and the formation of reaction dead zones caused by the crossover of polybromide anions (Br

+1-

) in ZBFBs decrease battery capacity and lifespan. Herein

hydroxyethyl-β-cyclodextrin (HE-β-CD) is employed as a bromine-capturing agent. Its hydrophobic cavity can encapsulate polybromide anions

while its hydrophilic exterior maintains electrolyte homogeneity

thereby suppressing polybromide anion crossover. This strategy enables effective bromine electrolyte management and improves the performance of ZBFBs. The inclusion mechanism between HE-β-CD and polybromide anions is systematically investigated using density functional theory calculations

nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy

crossover tests

and electrochemical analyses. It is found that the "hydrophobic cavity capture" strategy enables the formation of large-volume inclusion complexes

which effectively suppresses polybromide anion crossover. When applied as a bromine-capturing agent in ZBFBs

only 0.05 mol/L HE-β-CD is required to achi

eve efficient capture of polybromide anions

delivering a Coulombic efficiency of 94.5%. The resulting flow battery achieves a discharge capacity of 30.4 Ah/L at 20% state of charge and exhibits excellent cycling stability

retaining 96.3% of its capacity after 300 cycles. This study provides an effective bromine management strategy for the development of high-capacity and stable ZBFBs.

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