相变材料结合空气射流混合式电池热管理系统性能研究

袁长顺; 赵彦琦; 丁玉龙

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2025.1173

您当前的位置：

首页 >

文章列表页 >

相变材料结合空气射流混合式电池热管理系统性能研究

储热储冷多场景应用专刊 | 更新时间：2026-07-01

- 相变材料结合空气射流混合式电池热管理系统性能研究
- Performance study on a hybrid battery thermal management system combining phase change materials with air jet impingement
- 储能科学与技术 2026年15卷第3期页码：838-847
- 作者机构：
  
  1.江苏大学机械工程学院，江苏镇江 212013
  2.南京工业大学能源科学与工程学院，江苏南京 211816
  3.伯明翰大学化学工程学院，英国伯明翰 B15 2TT
- 作者简介：
  
  袁长顺（2001—），男，硕士研究生，从事热能存储技术研究，E-mail：2222303113@stmail.ujs.edu.cn；
  赵彦琦，博士、教授，从事热能存储技术研究，E-mail：hazhaoyq@126.com。
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金(52206253;52311530083)
- DOI：10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2025.1173
  中图分类号： TM 911;X 932
- 收稿：2025-12-30，
  
  修回：2026-01-12，
  
  纸质出版：2026-03-28
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
袁长顺, 赵彦琦, 丁玉龙. 相变材料结合空气射流混合式电池热管理系统性能研究[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2026, 15(3): 838-847.

YUAN Changshun, ZHAO Yanqi, DING Yulong. Performance study on a hybrid battery thermal management system combining phase change materials with air jet impingement[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2026, 15(3): 838-847.
袁长顺, 赵彦琦, 丁玉龙. 相变材料结合空气射流混合式电池热管理系统性能研究[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2026, 15(3): 838-847. DOI： 10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2025.1173.

YUAN Changshun, ZHAO Yanqi, DING Yulong. Performance study on a hybrid battery thermal management system combining phase change materials with air jet impingement[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2026, 15(3): 838-847. DOI： 10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2025.1173.

摘要

相变材料(phase change material，PCM)冷却是电池热管理中常用的方式，能够在维持电池模组温度场均匀性的同时保障系统安全。然而，由于锂离子电池正负极材料本身在结构和热特性上的差异，其两端往往存在明显的温度不均，仅依靠PCM冷却难以有效消除此类局部热隐患。为此，本研究提出一种结合PCM冷却与空气射流风冷的混合热管理策略。该方案在电池正极一侧施加空气射流强化冷却，同时将整个模组包覆于石蜡中，通过调节射流阵列布置与空气质量流量，系统分析其在车辆能耗与续航里程测试中对电池温度场的影响。研究结果表明，在控制空气质量流量的条件下，在完成一个NEDC(新欧洲行驶循环)测试工况后，4×4阵列射流最低温度达到了290.51 K，2×2阵列射流下的最低温度达到了293.34 K，比前者高了2.83 K，并且通过改变射流冷却系统的结构参数，观察到电池模组的平均温度呈现显著下降趋势。具体而言，当采用2×2射流阵列时，将射流孔的直径从1 mm增加至3 mm，可使电池模组的平均温度降低2.06 K；采用3×3射流阵列，在同样的孔径变化下(即从1 mm增至3 mm)，平均温度的降幅进一步扩大至2.96 K；而当阵列配置达到4×4时，平均温度降低3.01 K，显示出最佳的冷却性能提升。

Abstract

Phase change material (PCM) cooling is a widely used method for managing battery thermal conditions

where the temperature uniformity across battery modules can be maintained while ensuring system safety. However

due to the inherent differences in structural and thermal properties between the positive and negative electrodes of lithium-ion batteries

significant temperature disparities often arise at either end. Solely relying on PCM cooling proves challenging in effectively mitigating these localized thermal risks. This study proposes a hybrid thermal management strategy that combines PCM cooling with air-jet forced cooling. Specifically

enhanced air-jet cooling is applied to the positive electrode side

with the entire module being encapsulated in paraffin. By varying the arrangement of the jet array and the air mass flow rate

this study systematically analyzes their effects on the battery's temperature during vehicle energy consumption and driving range tests. The results show that under controlled air mass flow conditions

after one New European Driving Cycle (NEDC) test cycle is completed

the minimum temperature recorded was 290.51 K with a 4 × 4 jet array

compared to 293.34 K with a 2 × 2 array

which is 2.83 K higher. In addition

modifying the structural parameters of the jet cooling system resulted in a significant decrease in the average temperature of the battery module. For example

when a 2 × 2 jet array was used

increasing the jet orifice diameter from 1 to 3 mm reduced the average temperature by 2.06 K. Similarly

with a 3 × 3 jet array

the same increase in orifice diameter led to a larger reduction of 2.96 K. When the configuration was upgraded to a 4 × 4 array

the average temperature dropped by 3.01 K

indicating the most significant enhancement in cooling performance.

关键词

Keywords

references

冯文琳, 包红媛. 政府补贴对新能源汽车企业创新效率的影响研究[J]. 会计之友, 2025(S2): 83-92.

FENG W L, BAO H Y. Research on the influence of government subsidies on the innovation efficiency of new energy automobile enterprises[J]. Friends of Accounting, 2025(S2): 83-92.

郑雪芹. 2025年10月国产新能源汽车销量增长20%[J]. 汽车纵横, 2025(12): 110-111. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.2095-1892.2025.12.030.

ZHENG X Q. In October 2025, the sales of domestic new energy vehicles increased by 20%[J]. Auto Review, 2025(12): 110-111. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.2095-1892.2025.12.030.

JAGUEMONT J, BARDÉ F. A critical review of lithium-ion battery safety testing and standards[J]. Applied Thermal Engineering, 2023, 231: 121014. DOI:10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2023.121014.

ZHAO L Q, HOU J X, FENG X N, et al. The trade-off characteristic between battery thermal runaway and combustion[J]. Energy Storage Materials, 2024, 69: 103380. DOI:10.1016/j.ensm.2024.103380.

张新宇, 罗声豪, 吴颖欣, 等. 复合相变材料用于锂离子电池热管理和热失控防护研究进展[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2025, 14(3): 1040-1053. DOI:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2025.0137.

ZHANG X Y, LUO S H, WU Y X, et al. Research progress of composite phase change materials for thermal management and thermal runaway protection of lithium-ion batteries[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2025, 14(3): 1040-1053. DOI:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2025.0137.

AL HALLAJ S, SELMAN J R. A novel thermal management system for electric vehicle batteries using phase-change material[J]. Journal of the Electrochemical Society, 2000, 147(9): 3231. DOI:10.1149/1.1393888.

JILTE R D, KUMAR R, AHMADI M H, et al. Battery thermal management system employing phase change material with cell-to-cell air cooling[J]. Applied Thermal Engineering, 2019, 161: 114199. DOI:10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2019.114199.

罗昭顺, 汪铭磊, 吴启超, 等. 双层相变材料结构的圆柱形锂离子电池相变冷却模块仿真分析[J]. 现代机械, 2022(2): 14-19. DOI:10.13667/j.cnki.52-1046/th.2022.02.010.

LUO Z S, WANG M L, WU Q C, et al. Simulation analysis of the phase change cooling module for cylindrical lithium-ion battery with double-layer phase change material structure[J]. Modern Machinery, 2022(2): 14-19. DOI:10.13667/j.cnki.52-1046/th. 2022.02.010.

YANG N X, ZHANG X W, LI G J, et al. Assessment of the forced air-cooling performance for cylindrical lithium-ion battery packs: A comparative analysis between aligned and staggered cell arrangements[J]. Applied Thermal Engineering, 2015, 80: 55-65. DOI:10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2015.01.049.

FAN Y Q, BAO Y, LING C, et al. Experimental study on the thermal management performance of air cooling for high energy density cylindrical lithium-ion batteries[J]. Applied Thermal Engineering, 2019, 155: 96-109. DOI:10.1016/j.applthermaleng. 2019.03.157.

KANG D, LEE P Y, YOO K, et al. Internal thermal network model-based inner temperature distribution of high-power lithium-ion battery packs with different shapes for thermal management[J]. Journal of Energy Storage, 2020, 27: 101017. DOI:10.1016/j.est.2019.101017.

MAHAMUD R, PARK C. Reciprocating air flow for Li-ion battery thermal management to improve temperature uniformity[J]. Journal of Power Sources, 2011, 196(13): 5685-5696. DOI:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2011.02.076.

屠楠, 胡瑞河, 庄昆, 等. CPCM耦合风冷的储能锂电池热管理性能与结构优化研究[J/OL]. 化工学报, 1-19 [2025-12-19]. https://link.cnki.net/urlid/11.1946.TQ.20250917.1419.004.

TU N, HU R H, ZHUANG K, et al. Research on thermal management performance and structural optimization of energy storage lithium batteries coupled with CPCM and air cooling[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering, 1-19 [2025-12-19]. https://link.cnki.net/urlid/11.1946.TQ.20250917.1419.004.

JILTE R, AFZAL A, PANCHAL S. A novel battery thermal management system using nano-enhanced phase change materials[J]. Energy, 2021, 219: 119564. DOI:10.1016/j.energy. 2020.119564.

潘治衡. 风冷耦合水合盐相变材料应用于锂离子电池热管理的研究[D]. 广汉: 中国民用航空飞行学院, 2025.PAN Z H. Study on the application of air-cooled coupled hydrated salt phase change materials to the thermal management of lithium ion batteries[D]. Guanghan: Civil Aviation Flight University of China, 2025.

平丽浩, 钱吉裕, 徐德好. 电子装备热控新技术综述(下)[J]. 电子机械工程, 2008, 24(2): 1-9. DOI:10.19659/j.issn.1008-5300.2008.02.001.

PING L H, QIAN J Y, XU D H. A review of the thermal control technologies for electronic systems: Part Ⅱ[J]. Electro-Mechanical Engineering, 2008, 24(2): 1-9. DOI:10.19659/j.issn.1008-5300. 2008.02.001.

张鹏, 许伟聪, 赵力, 等. 高热流密度射流冷却实验研究[J]. 低温工程, 2025(3): 10-17.

ZHANG P, XU W C, ZHAO L, et al. Experimental study on high heat flux jet cooling[J]. Cryogenics, 2025(3): 10-17.

ZHOU H B, NIU J G, GUO X F, et al. Thermal performance of a hybrid thermal management system based on the half helical coil coupled with air jet cooling for cylindrical Lithium-ion battery[J]. Applied Thermal Engineering, 2023, 225: 120231. DOI:10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2023.120231.

高剑, 范唯, 雷利刚, 等. 驾驶行为特征对纯电动汽车续航能力影响研究[C]//中国汽车工程学会. 第三十二届中国汽车工程学会年会论文集(4). 中汽研汽车检验中心(天津)有限公司, 2025: 284-288.

GAO J, FAN W, LEI L G, et al. Research on the impact of driving behavior characteristics on the range capacity of pure electric vehicles[C]//China Society of Automotive Engineers. 32nd Annual Conference of China Society of Automotive Engineers (Volume 4). China Automotive Research Institute (Tianjin) Co., Ltd., 2025: 284-288.

邱炎峰. 新能源汽车续航里程试验方法分析[J]. 汽车维修与保养, 2025(12): 52. DOI:10.13825/j.cnki.motorchina.2025.12.003.

QIU Y F. Analysis of test methods for driving range of new energy vehicles[J]. Automobile Maintenance and Repair, 2025(12): 52. DOI:10.13825/j.cnki.motorchina.2025.12.003.

钟腾云. 基于相变材料的动力锂离子电池热管理研究[D]. 南宁: 广西大学, 2019.ZHONG T Y. Research on thermal management of power lithium-ion battery based on phase change materials[D]. Nanning: Guangxi University, 2019.

浏览量

下载量

CSCD

文章被引用时，请邮件提醒。

提交

工具集

关联资源

用于户外锂离子电池热管理的低成本柔性双模式相变材料研究

“散-储”一体化的电池热管理系统研究

储能电池组浸没式液冷系统冷却性能模拟研究

石蜡与低熔点合金双级联相变材料强化板翅式散热器换热性能的数值模拟

壁面粗糙度对压缩空气储能大功率轴流空气透平性能影响研究