基于高浓度相变微胶囊悬浮液的全气候电池热管理实验研究

文健; 夏志豪; 安英贤; 温涵; 柯钫泷; 胡章茂; 王唯; 吕又付

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2025.1000

您当前的位置：

首页 >

文章列表页 >

基于高浓度相变微胶囊悬浮液的全气候电池热管理实验研究

储热储冷多场景应用专刊 | 更新时间：2026-07-01

- 基于高浓度相变微胶囊悬浮液的全气候电池热管理实验研究
- Experimental study on thermal management of all-weather batteries based on high-concentration phase change microcapsule suspension
- 储能科学与技术 2026年15卷第3期页码：828-837
- 作者机构：
  
  长沙理工大学能源与动力工程学院，湖南长沙 410000
- 作者简介：
  
  文健（2001—），男，硕士研究生，研究方向为电池热管理，E-mail：wenjian_0427@163.com；
  胡章茂，副教授，研究方向为相变储能技术与电池热管理，E-mail：huzhangmao@163.com。
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金资助项目(52306069);湖南省教育厅科学研究项目重点项目(23A0263)
- DOI：10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2025.1000
  中图分类号： TB 61
- 收稿：2025-11-04，
  
  修回：2025-12-02，
  
  纸质出版：2026-03-28
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
文健, 夏志豪, 安英贤, 等. 基于高浓度相变微胶囊悬浮液的全气候电池热管理实验研究[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2026, 15(3): 828-837.

WEN Jian, XIA Zhihao, AN Yingxian, et al. Experimental study on thermal management of all-weather batteries based on high-concentration phase change microcapsule suspension[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2026, 15(3): 828-837.
文健, 夏志豪, 安英贤, 等. 基于高浓度相变微胶囊悬浮液的全气候电池热管理实验研究[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2026, 15(3): 828-837. DOI： 10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2025.1000.

WEN Jian, XIA Zhihao, AN Yingxian, et al. Experimental study on thermal management of all-weather batteries based on high-concentration phase change microcapsule suspension[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2026, 15(3): 828-837. DOI： 10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2025.1000.

摘要

为确保电动汽车锂电池在-30～40℃的宽温域安全稳定运行，需依赖高效的热管理系统进行精准温控，以应对低温导致的容量衰减与高温引发的热失控风险。相变微胶囊悬浮液(MPCMS)是一种新兴的电池热管理工质，近年来的研究主要集中在其低浓度范围。本研究提出了一种基于高质量浓度(5%～30%)MPCMS的全气候电池热管理系统，并通过电加热棒模拟电池热负荷，系统研究了其在低温储热保温、常温储冷吸热及高温散热冷却三种典型工况下的热管理性能。研究表明，在-30℃低温条件下，与无MPCMS的热管理情况下，质量分数为5%、15%和30% MPCMS与保温层协同可使保温时间分别延长12.4%、24.9%和34.1%；当环境温度处于常温(低于微胶囊相变点，23℃)时，MPCMS可以有效地吸收电池放电产生的热量，在1 C、2 C和3 C放电发热工况下较无MPCMS系统最大降温达2.6℃、4.7℃和5.2℃，同时质量分数为15% MPCMS在潜热吸收与对流换热能力中取得了最优平衡；在40℃的高温环境中，即使加热棒在质量分数为30% MPCMS中模拟3 C放电热负荷工况下，通过控制冷却水入口温度与环境温度的温差为10℃，也可将系统温度稳定在40℃以下。

Abstract

Ensuring the safe and stable operation of lithium-ion batteries in electric vehicles across a wide temperature range of -30℃ to 40℃ requires highly efficient battery thermal management systems (BTMS) capable of precise temperature regulation. Such systems mitigate capacity degradation at low temperatures and reduce the risk of thermal runaway at high temperatures. Microencapsulated phase change material slurry (MPCMS) has emerged as a promising working fluid for BTMS applications. While prior studies have primarily focused on low-concentration MPCMS

this study investigates a comprehensive all-climate BTMS employing MPCMS at high mass fractions (5%—30%). The thermal management performance of the system was systematically evaluated under three representative operating scenarios: thermal insulation and storage at low temperatures

cold storage and heat absorption at moderate temperatures

and heat dissipation and cooling at high temperatures. Electrically heated rods were used to simulate battery thermal loads. Experimental results indicate that

under low-temperature conditions (-30℃)

the inclusion of 5%

15%

and 30% MPCMS

in synergy with an insulation layer

extended thermal preservation time by 12.4%

24.9%

and 34.1%

respectively

compared to a system without MPCMS. At moderate ambient temperature (23℃

below the phase-change point of the microcapsules)

MPCMS effectively absorbs heat generated during battery discharge. Under 1 C

2 C

and 3 C discharge rates

the maximum temperature reductions achieved were 2.6℃

4.7℃

and 5.2℃

respectively

relative to the system without MPCMS. Notably

the 15% MPCMS formulation exhibited an optimal balance between latent heat absorption capacity and convective heat transfer performance. Under high-temperature conditions (40℃)

even when the heating rod simulated a 3 C discharge thermal load

the system with 30% MPCMS maintained the battery temperature below 40℃ by sustaining a 10℃ temperature difference between the cooling water inlet and the ambient environment. These findings highlight the significant potential of high-concentration MPCMS as an effective thermal management medium for lithium-ion batteries

enabling reliable thermal regulation across diverse and challenging climatic conditions.

关键词

Keywords

references

GHAREHGHANI A, RABIEI M, MEHRANFAR S, et al. Progress in battery thermal management systems technologies for electric vehicles[J]. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2024, 202: 114654. DOI:10.1016/j.rser.2024.114654.

LI H, XIAO X Y, WANG Y N, et al. Performance investigation of a battery thermal management system with microencapsulated phase change material suspension[J]. Applied Thermal Engineering, 2020, 180: 115795. DOI:10.1016/j.applthermaleng. 2020.115795.

MA J, SUN Y F, ZHANG S A. Experimental investigation on energy consumption of power battery integrated thermal management system[J]. Energy, 2023, 270: 126860. DOI:10. 1016/j.energy.2023.126860.

LI Z C, ZHANG Y A, MENG F T, et al. Flexible phase change materials for low temperature thermal management in lithium-ion batteries[J]. Journal of Energy Storage, 2023, 74: 109413. DOI:10.1016/j.est.2023.109413.

ZHOU X, M ABED A, CHATURVEDI R, et al. A novel thermal management system for a cylindrical battery based on tubular thermoelectric generator[J]. Case Studies in Thermal Engineering, 2024, 59: 104585. DOI:10.1016/j.csite.2024.104585.

LI R, GAN Y H, LIANG J L, et al. Experimental study on the thermal management performance of battery with ultra-thin vapor chamber under liquid cooling condition[J]. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 2025, 240: 126660. DOI:10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2025.126660.

WU H F, ZHANG X J, WANG C, et al. Experimental study on aerogel passive thermal control method for cylindrical lithium-ion batteries at low temperature[J]. Applied Thermal Engineering, 2020, 169: 114946. DOI:10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2020.114946.

刘松燕, 王卫良, 彭世亮, 等. 兼顾高/低温环境性能的动力电池热管理系统设计[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2024, 13(7): 2181-2191. DOI:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2024.0369.

LIU S Y, WANG W L, PENG S L, et al. Thermal management system for power battery in high/low-temperature environments[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2024, 13(7): 2181-2191. DOI:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2024.0369.

LUO M Y, LIN X M, LING Z Y, et al. An electric conductive wide-temperature flexible phase change material for all-climate battery thermal management[J]. Applied Thermal Engineering, 2024, 256: 124051. DOI:10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2024.124051.

ZHANG C Q, MAO Y, LI K W, et al. High power and energy density graphene phase change composite materials for efficient thermal management of Li-ion batteries[J]. Energy Storage Materials, 2025, 75: 104003. DOI:10.1016/j.ensm.2025.104003.

NAZAR M W, IQBAL N, ALI M, et al. Thermal management of Li-ion battery by using active and passive cooling method[J]. Journal of Energy Storage, 2023, 61: 106800. DOI:10.1016/j.est. 2023.106800.

QIN Y D, XU Z C, XIAO S R, et al. Temperature consistency-oriented rapid heating strategy combining pulsed operation and external thermal management for lithium-ion batteries[J]. Applied Energy, 2023, 335: 120659. DOI:10.1016/j.apenergy.2023.120659.

XU B, XIA F, WANG Y L, et al. A battery thermal management scheme suited for cold regions based on PCM and aerogel: Demonstration of performance and availability[J]. Applied Thermal Engineering, 2023, 227: 120378. DOI:10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2023.120378.

LI M H, YI H, JIA F F, et al. Paraffin@Hectorite/water phase change fluid with sustainable suspension stability and efficient heat dissipation[J]. Applied Clay Science, 2024, 250: 107278. DOI:10.1016/j.clay.2024.107278.

卜令帅, 屈治国, 徐洪涛, 等. 相变微胶囊悬浮液储能系统放冷特性实验研究[J]. 化工学报, 2021, 72(8): 4064-4072. DOI:10.11949/0438-1157.20201693.

BU L S, QU Z G, XU H T, et al. Experimental study of cooling discharging characteristics of the energy storage system filled with MPCM slurry[J]. CIESC Journal, 2021, 72(8): 4064-4072. DOI:10.11949/0438-1157.20201693.

CHEN R, GE X, ZHONG Y, et al. Experimental study of phase change microcapsule-based liquid cooling for battery thermal management[J]. International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer, 2023, 146: 106912. DOI:10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer. 2023.106912.

JOHN PETER R, BALASUBRAMANIAN K R, RAVI KUMAR K. Comparative study on the thermal performance of microencapsulated phase change material slurry in tortuous geometry microchannel heat sink[J]. Applied Thermal Engineering, 2023, 218: 119328. DOI:10.1016/j.applthermaleng. 2022.119328.

董彬, 薛永浩, 梁坤峰, 等. 相变微胶囊悬浮液喷淋换热特性实验研究[J]. 化工学报, 2022, 73(7): 2971-2981. DOI:10.11949/0438-1157.20220192.

DONG B, XUE Y H, LIANG K F, et al. Experimental study on spray heat transfer characteristics of microencapsulated phase change material suspension[J]. CIESC Journal, 2022, 73(7): 2971-2981. DOI:10.11949/0438-1157.20220192.

ZHANG J J, ZHU D L, LIU Y, et al. Experimental investigation of spray cooling heat transfer with microcapsule phase change suspension[J]. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 2024, 229: 125720. DOI:10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2024.125720.

YAO C Y, YU X, FENG L, et al. Development of microencapsulated phase change material slurry for diamond wire sawing silicon wafer and its effect on cutting quality[J]. Journal of Manufacturing Processes, 2024, 127: 421-432. DOI:10.1016/j.jmapro.2024.07.132.

DUTKOWSKI K, FIUK J J. Experimental research of viscosity of microencapsulated PCM slurry at the phase change temperature[J]. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 2019, 134: 1209-1217. DOI:10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2019.02.036.

HU Z M, PENG Y Z, LV Y F, et al. Battery thermal management under all-climate conditions based on phase change materials and heat pipes: A numerical simulation study[J]. Applied Thermal Engineering, 2025, 268: 125913. DOI:10.1016/j.applthermaleng. 2025.125913.

BERNARDI D, PAWLIKOWSKI E, NEWMAN J. A general energy balance for battery systems[J]. Journal of the Electrochemical Society, 1985, 132(1): 5-12. DOI:10.1149/1.2113792.

薛超坦. 基于液冷的纯电动汽车锂电池热管理研究[D]. 长春: 吉林大学, 2017.XUE C T. Research on lithium-ion battery thermal management for electric vehicles based on liquid cooling[D]. Changchun: Jilin University, 2017.

JIANG Y, LIN X W, XIAO C F, et al. Advanced battery thermal management: Synergistic integration of heat pipes and two-phase immersion cooling for lithium-ion batteries[J]. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 2025, 252: 127479. DOI:10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2025.127479.

LIN W, ZHU M Y, FAN Y, et al. Low temperature lithium-ion batteries electrolytes: Rational design, advancements, and future perspectives[J]. Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 2022, 905: 164163. DOI:10.1016/j.jallcom.2022.164163.

浏览量

下载量

CSCD

文章被引用时，请邮件提醒。

提交

工具集

关联资源

锂/钠电池热管理系统中液冷技术研究进展

兼顾高/低温环境性能的动力电池热管理系统设计

基于电池老化效应的电池热管理系统性能分析与优化

锡硅负极循环过程中体积变化特性研究

壁面粗糙度对压缩空气储能大功率轴流空气透平性能影响研究