金属翅片对相变材料熔化储热速率的强化机理研究

钱春枝; 陈渝; 赵锡佳; 曹世豪

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2025.0927

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金属翅片对相变材料熔化储热速率的强化机理研究

储能材料与器件 | 更新时间：2026-04-29

- 金属翅片对相变材料熔化储热速率的强化机理研究
- Enhancement mechanism of three-dimensional-printed metal fins for the melting and heat-storage performance of phase-change materials
- 储能科学与技术 2026年15卷第4期页码：1185-1195
- 作者机构：
  
  1.郑州理工职业学院建筑工程学院，河南郑州 451150
  2.河南工业大学土木工程学院，河南郑州 450001
- 作者简介：
  
  钱春枝（1987—），女，讲师，从事增强相变潜热储能技术研究，E-mail：434939924@qq.com；
  曹世豪，博士，副教授，从事增强相变潜热储能技术研究，E-mail：shcao@haut.edu.cn。
- 基金信息：
  
  河南省科技攻关项目(242102240026);河南省粮油仓储建筑与安全重点实验室项目(2024KF08)
- DOI：10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2025.0927
  中图分类号： TK 114
- 收稿：2025-10-20，
  
  修回：2025-11-10，
  
  纸质出版：2026-04-28
- 稿件说明：
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钱春枝, 陈渝, 赵锡佳, 等. 金属翅片对相变材料熔化储热速率的强化机理研究[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2026, 15(4): 1185-1195.

QIAN Chunzhi, CHEN Yu, ZHAO Xijia, et al. Enhancement mechanism of three-dimensional-printed metal fins for the melting and heat-storage performance of phase-change materials[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2026, 15(4): 1185-1195.
钱春枝, 陈渝, 赵锡佳, 等. 金属翅片对相变材料熔化储热速率的强化机理研究[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2026, 15(4): 1185-1195. DOI： 10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2025.0927.

QIAN Chunzhi, CHEN Yu, ZHAO Xijia, et al. Enhancement mechanism of three-dimensional-printed metal fins for the melting and heat-storage performance of phase-change materials[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2026, 15(4): 1185-1195. DOI： 10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2025.0927.

摘要

为系统研究金属翅片对相变材料熔化储热过程的影响，本研究采用3D打印技术制备了集成加热底板的铝合金翅片结构，并将其嵌入正十八烷构成复合相变材料单元。开展底部恒温条件下的熔化试验，测试熔化边界发展规律。同时，采用COMSOL有限元软件建立了金属翅片/正十八烷熔化储热计算模型，并以试验测试数据验证模型的正确性。在此基础上，模拟分析了翅片高度、翅片梯度、翅片数目、分散模式以及翅片材料等参数对熔化性能的影响。结果表明，金属翅片通过增大传热面积、引导热量定向传递及改变熔化模式等机制，显著提升了储热速率。储热速率随翅片高度增加呈先增后饱和趋势，25 mm为最优高度。翅片梯度对熔化速率的影响可忽略不计。分散翅片可进一步强化传热，其效果随翅片数目增加呈先增强后减弱的现象，在数目为5时达到最优。进一步将均匀分布的5

模式优化为非均匀的0.5

+0.5

模式，可使储热速率再提升8%，较纯相变材料提升260%，为本研究中的最佳分布构型。此外，在常用的SLM金属3D打印材料中，纯铜凭借其高导热系数，对熔化速率的提升最为显著，其熔化速率较铝合金提高了40.57%。

Abstract

To systematically investigate the impact of metal fins on the melting kinetics and heat-storage behavior of phase-change materials (PCMs)

aluminum-alloy fins were integrated with a heated baseplate via selective laser melting (SLM) three-dimensional (3D) printing. Thereafter

these additively ma

nufactured structures were embedded in n-octadecane to construct composite PCM units. Melting experiments were conducted via constant-temperature bottom heating to track the melting-front evolution. Concurrently

a numerical model of the metal fin/n-octadecane melting and heat-storage processes was developed using COMSOL Multiphysics

and its accuracy was validated via a comparative analysis with experimental results. Leveraging the validated model

the effects of the metal-fin height

gradient

number

distribution pattern

and material on the overall melting kinetics were analyzed through simulations.Resultsreveal that the 3D-printed metal fins significantly enhanced the heat-storage rate by expanding the effective heat-transfer area

directing heat flow

and altering the morphological evolution of the melting front. The heat-storage rate increased with the increasing fin height before reaching a saturation point

with the optimal height identified as 25 mm. Fin gradient exerted a negligible effect on the melting rate. Distributed fins further enhanced heat transfer

with the melting rate increasing at first before decreasing as the number of fins increased

reaching an optimum at five fins. Further optimization of the uniform 5

baseline into a non-uniform 0.5

+0.5

configuration improved the heat-storage rate by an additional 8%

representing a 260% thermal enhancement over pure PCM

making it the most effective fin distribution in this study. Among conventionally employed SLM-compatible 3D-printed metallic materials

pure copper exerted the most significant enhancement effect on the melting rate owing to its high thermal conductivity

imparting a 40.57% enhancement compared with the aluminum-alloy variant.

关键词

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