二维介孔材料在微型超级电容器中的应用进展

白天娥; 张鸿涛; 陶向阳; 彭域静; 姜松; 秦洁琼

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2025.0908

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二维介孔材料在微型超级电容器中的应用进展

储能材料与器件 | 更新时间：2026-05-28

- 二维介孔材料在微型超级电容器中的应用进展
- Recent advances of 2D mesoporous materials in micro-supercapacitors
- 储能科学与技术 2026年15卷第2期页码：458-478
- 作者机构：
  
  河南农业大学理学院，河南郑州 450002
- 作者简介：
  
  白天娥（2000—），女，硕士研究生，研究方向为介孔导电聚合物基微型超级电容器，E-mail：19913780711@163.com；
  姜松，副教授，研究方向为超分子化学与传感器，E-mail：jiangsong@henau.edu.cn
  秦洁琼，教授，研究方向为二维介孔材料与微型储能器件，E-mail：qinjieqiong@henau.edu.cn。
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金面上项目(22579047);河南省自然科学基金面上项目(252300423115);河南省本科高校青年骨干教师培养计划项目(2021GGJS029)
- DOI：10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2025.0908
  中图分类号： TM 53
- 收稿：2025-10-13，
  
  修回：2025-11-16，
  
  纸质出版：2026-02-28
- 稿件说明：
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白天娥, 张鸿涛, 陶向阳, 等. 二维介孔材料在微型超级电容器中的应用进展[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2026, 15(2): 458-478.

BAI Tiane, ZHANG Hongtao, TAO Xiangyang, et al. Recent advances of 2D mesoporous materials in micro-supercapacitors[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2026, 15(2): 458-478.
白天娥, 张鸿涛, 陶向阳, 等. 二维介孔材料在微型超级电容器中的应用进展[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2026, 15(2): 458-478. DOI： 10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2025.0908.

BAI Tiane, ZHANG Hongtao, TAO Xiangyang, et al. Recent advances of 2D mesoporous materials in micro-supercapacitors[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2026, 15(2): 458-478. DOI： 10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2025.0908.

摘要

微型超级电容器是一种小尺寸电源，凭借功率密度高、充放电速率快、使用寿命长、机械柔性好和安全性能高等优点，逐渐成为智能化电子领域的研究热点。为了提升微型超级电容器的能量密度，开发高导电、高活性和高稳定的电极材料是主要策略之一。近年来，二维介孔材料由于高的比表面积、丰富的活性位点，以及发达的介孔结构等特点，克服了二维材料易堆叠和块体介孔材料离子输运路径长的缺点，被认为是最具优势的微型超级电容器电极材料之一。基于此，本文回顾了近年来二维介孔材料在微型超级电容器中的应用进展。首先，阐述了微型超级电容器的储能机理，以及二维介孔材料应用于微型超级电容器的结构优势。随后，总结了二维介孔碳、二维介孔金属化合物、二维介孔导电聚合物，以及二维介孔石墨烯基、MXene基和金属硫化物基复合材料等在微型超级电容器中的应用，验证二维介孔结构对其电化学性能的增强机制。最后，展望了二维介孔材料及其微型超级电容器的发展方向和应用前景，以期为新型二维能源材料和高性能微型电源的开发提供思路。

Abstract

Micro-supercapacitors (MSCs) are microscale power supply systems that exhibit high power density

rapid charge-discharge capability

long cycle life

good flexibility

and excellent safety

making them a research hotspot in intelligent electronics. The development of electrode materials with high electrochemical activity

good conductivity

and outstanding stability is the key to enhancing the energy density of MSCs. Recently

two-dimensional (2D) mesoporous materials have been regarded as a promising electrode candidate for MSCs due to their large specific surface area

abundant active sites

and well-developed mesoporous structures

which can effectively overcome the limitations of restacking of 2D materials and the long ion transport pathways in bulk mesoporous materials. This review focuses on the recent advances of 2D mesoporous materials in MSCs. First

the energy storage mechanisms of MSCs and the structural advantages of 2D mesoporous materials are highlighted. Second

various 2D mesoporous materials for MSC applications are comprehensively summarized

including 2D mesoporous carbons

metal compounds

conductive polymers

and 2D mesoporous composite materials based on graphene

MXene

metal sulfides

etc. Notably

the mechanisms of electrochemical performance enhancement enabled by the 2D mesoporous structure are elucidated. Finally

an outlook on the development directions and application prospects of 2D mesoporous materials in MSCs is provided

contributing to the conceptualization of novel 2D energy materials and high-performance miniature power supplies.

关键词

Keywords

references

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