锂离子电池用碳纳米管导电剂产业化应用研究进展

李连平; 梁波; 侯明泰; 左昭贵

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2025.0864

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锂离子电池用碳纳米管导电剂产业化应用研究进展

储能材料与器件 | 更新时间：2026-05-28

- 锂离子电池用碳纳米管导电剂产业化应用研究进展
- Research progress on the industrial application of carbon nanotube conductive agents for lithium-ion batteries
- 储能科学与技术 2026年15卷第2期页码：407-418
- 作者机构：
  
  1.青海南玻新能源科技有限公司，青海德令哈 817000
  2.青海大学，青海西宁 810016
- 作者简介：
  
  李连平（1988—），男，硕士，工程师，研究方向为储能材料化工制备工艺及产业化应用，E-mail：lilp001@csgholding.com；
  侯明泰，博士，副教授，研究方向为储能技术，E-mail：mthou@qhu.edu.cn。
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2025.0864
  中图分类号： TM 912
- 收稿：2025-09-26，
  
  修回：2025-11-07，
  
  纸质出版：2026-02-28
- 稿件说明：
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李连平, 梁波, 侯明泰, 等. 锂离子电池用碳纳米管导电剂产业化应用研究进展[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2026, 15(2): 407-418.

LI Lianping, LIANG Bo, HOU Mingtai, et al. Research progress on the industrial application of carbon nanotube conductive agents for lithium-ion batteries[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2026, 15(2): 407-418.
李连平, 梁波, 侯明泰, 等. 锂离子电池用碳纳米管导电剂产业化应用研究进展[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2026, 15(2): 407-418. DOI： 10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2025.0864.

LI Lianping, LIANG Bo, HOU Mingtai, et al. Research progress on the industrial application of carbon nanotube conductive agents for lithium-ion batteries[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2026, 15(2): 407-418. DOI： 10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2025.0864.

摘要

碳纳米管(CNTs)是由sp

杂化碳原子构成的一维纳米材料，具有卓越的本征电导率和力学性能，通过“线接触-线桥接”协同机制在锂离子电池(LIBs)电极中构建高效三维导电网络，可显著提升电池的能量密度、倍率特性及循环稳定性，已成为高能量密度电池体系的核心材料。目前，多壁碳纳米管(MWCNTs)与炭黑复合导电体系已在高端锂电领域实现规模化应用，但单壁碳纳米管(SWCNTs)仍面临宏量制备技术不成熟、分散工艺复杂及综合成本较高等产业化挑战。本文系统综述CNTs导电剂产业化应用的最新进展：阐述CNTs构建长效电子传导路径、稳定电极/电解质界面和缓冲电极体积应变的微观机理；重点剖析流化床CVD技术对CNTs宏量制备的调控策略，以及纯化、表面修饰(如—COOH、N/B掺杂)和干燥工艺对电化学性能的优化机制；评述CNTs在磷酸铁锂(LFP)、高镍三元、硅基负极及全固态电池(ASSBs)等体系中的适配性，并提出基于性能、成本与应用场景的综合选型原则。综合分析表明，未来CNTs导电剂的性能突破需依托跨尺度制备技术整合(如催化剂逆向设计与AI工艺调控)、绿色低成本分散工艺开发(如生物基分散剂与干法电极技术适配)以及SWCNTs工程应用瓶颈突破(如多金属协同催化降本)三大路径，推动CNTs从辅助导电材料向多功能核心材料的战略转型，为下一代高能量密度、高安全性储能系统提供关键材料支撑与理论指导。

Abstract

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are one-dimensional nanomaterials composed of sp²-hybridized carbon atoms and exhibit exceptional intrinsic electrical conductivity and mechanical properties. Within lithium-ion battery (LIB) electrodes

CNTs form highly efficient three-dimensional conductive networks through a synergistic line-contact-to-bridging mechanism

thereby significantly enhancing energy density

rate capability

and cycling stability. As a result

CNTs have emerged as critical materials for high-energy-density battery systems. Although multi-walled CNTs (MWCNTs) combined with carbon black have been widely adopted in high-performance LIBs

the industrialization of single-walled CNTs (SWCNTs) remains challenging because of immature large-scale production technologies

complex dispersion processes

and high overall costs. This review systematically examines recent advances in the industrial application of CNT-based conductive agents. It elucidates the microscopic mechanisms by which CNTs enable long-range electron transport

stabilize electrode–electrolyte interfaces

and mitigate electrode volume strain. In addition

strategies for scalable CNT synthesis using fluidized-bed chemical vapor deposition (CVD) are analyzed

together with performance optimization approaches involving purification

surface functionalization (such as carboxylation and N or B doping)

and drying processes. The compatibility of CNTs with diverse electrode systems

including lithium iron phosphate cathodes

high-nickel ternary cathodes

silicon-based anodes

and all-solid-state batteries

is critically assessed

and practical selection guidelines are proposed based on performance requirements

cost considerations

and application scenarios. Comprehensive analysis indicates that future progress will depend on three key directions: integration of cross-scale manufacturing technologies

such as inverse catalyst design and artificial intelligence-assisted process control; development of environmentally friendly and low-cost dispersion methods

including bio-based dispersants and adaptation for dry electrode processing; and resolution of the engineering bottlenecks associated with SWCNTs

particularly cost reduction through multimetal synergistic catalysis. These advances are expected to drive the transition of CNTs from auxiliary conductive additives to multifunctional core components

providing essential material support and theoretical guidance for next-generation high-energy-density and high-safety energy storage systems.

关键词

Keywords

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