储能锂电池充放电特性和热管理研究

熊杰; 于海波; 李响; 朱建; 王万纯; 李创

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2025.0788

您当前的位置：

首页 >

文章列表页 >

储能锂电池充放电特性和热管理研究

储能测试与评价 | 更新时间：2026-05-28

- 储能锂电池充放电特性和热管理研究
- Research on charge-discharge characteristics and thermal management of lithium battery for energy storage
- 储能科学与技术 2026年15卷第2期页码：616-627
- 作者机构：
  
  1.南京南瑞继保电气有限公司，江苏南京 210094
  2.西安交通大学机械工程学院，陕西西安 710049
- 作者简介：
  
  熊杰（1991—），男，硕士，工程师，研究方向为快速机械开关、储能电池模块等新型电力设备，E-mail：xiongj@nrec.com。
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金项目(12472091)
- DOI：10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2025.0788
  中图分类号： TH 12
- 收稿：2025-09-04，
  
  修回：2025-10-18，
  
  纸质出版：2026-02-28
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
熊杰, 于海波, 李响, 等. 储能锂电池充放电特性和热管理研究[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2026, 15(2): 616-627.

XIONG Jie, YU Haibo, LI Xiang, et al. Research on charge-discharge characteristics and thermal management of lithium battery for energy storage[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2026, 15(2): 616-627.
熊杰, 于海波, 李响, 等. 储能锂电池充放电特性和热管理研究[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2026, 15(2): 616-627. DOI： 10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2025.0788.

XIONG Jie, YU Haibo, LI Xiang, et al. Research on charge-discharge characteristics and thermal management of lithium battery for energy storage[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2026, 15(2): 616-627. DOI： 10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2025.0788.

摘要

锂电池储能在辅助可再生能源并网、电网调频和调峰等方面发挥重要作用，精准的电池模型描述是储能电池系统状态估计和能量管理的基础。本文对储能锂电池在充放电过程中的电特性和热特性进行了研究，采用多物理场耦合建立储能液冷电池模块的有限元仿真计算模型，并求解得到充放电全过程电池模块的电特性、温度场分布和流场分布。搭建充放电测试平台对某液冷电池模块进行了试验测量，得到充放电过程中电压、电流、荷电状态等电特性参数和产热功率、冷却功率、温度等热特性参数随时间的变化，实验测试结果和仿真计算结果匹配良好。最后通过仿真计算模型对比分析了冷却液流量和电池初始温度对电池模块的电特性、热特性和流场特性的影响。该仿真计算方法和所获结果能为储能锂电池的状态估计、热管理参数优化提供依据。

Abstract

Lithium-ion batteries play an important role in supporting grid-connected renewable energy systems and enhancing grid frequency modulation and peak shaving. Accurate battery model descriptions are essential for state estimation and energy management of battery-based energy storage systems. The objective of this study is to investigate the electrical and thermal characteristics of lithium-ion batteries during charging and discharging. A finite-element model of a liquid-cooled battery module is constructed based on multiphysical field coupling

and its electrical characteristics

temperature field distribution

and flow field distribution are calculated. Moreover

experimental measurements are performed to test the liquid-cooled battery module and determine the electrical characteristic parameters

such as voltage

current

and state of charge

as well as the thermal characteristic parameters

such as heat generation

cooling power

and temperature

during the charging-discharging cycle. The numerical and experimental results are in good agreement

confirming the effectiveness of the numerical simulation method. In addition

parametric studies were conducted to analyze the effects of coolant flow rate and initial battery temperature on the electrical

thermal

and flow-field characteristics of the battery module. The numerical and experimental results obtained in this study can provide a basis for state estimation

thermal management

and parameter optimization of lithium-ion batteries.

关键词

Keywords

references

张智刚, 康重庆. 碳中和目标下构建新型电力系统的挑战与展望[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2022, 42(8): 2806-2819. DOI:10.13334/j.0258-8013.pcsee.220467.

ZHANG Z G, KANG C Q. Challenges and prospects for constructing the new-type power system towards a carbon neutrality future[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2022, 42(8): 2806-2819. DOI:10.13334/j.0258-8013.pcsee.220467.

国家发展改革委, 国家能源局. 关于加快推动新型储能发展的指导意见[EB/OL]. (2021-07-15) [2025-09-04]. https://www.gov.cn/zhengce/zhengceku/2021-07/24/content_5627088.htm.

贺鸿杰, 张宁, 杜尔顺, 等. 电网侧大规模电化学储能运行效率及寿命衰减建模方法综述[J]. 电力系统自动化, 2020, 44(12): 193-207. DOI:10.7500/AEPS20190820005.

HE H J, ZHANG N, DU E S, et al. Review on modeling method for operation efficiency and lifespan decay of large-scale electrochemical energy storage on power grid side[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2020, 44(12): 193-207. DOI:10.7500/AEPS20190820005.

徐俊, 郭喆晨, 谢延敏, 等. 储能锂电池系统综合管理研究进展[J]. 西安交通大学学报, 2024, 58(10): 1-23. DOI:10.7652/xjtuxb202410001.

XU J, GUO Z C, XIE Y M, et al. Review of research progress in integrated management for energy storage lithium battery systems[J]. Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 2024, 58(10): 1-23. DOI:10.7652/xjtuxb202410001.

匡柯, 孙跃东, 任东生, 等. 车用锂离子电池电化学-热耦合高效建模方法[J]. 机械工程学报, 2021, 57(14): 10-22. DOI:10.3901/JME.2021.14.010.

KUANG K, SUN Y D, REN D S, et al. Efficient approach for electrochemical-thermal coupled modeling of large-format lithium-ion power battery[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2021, 57(14): 10-22. DOI:10.3901/JME.2021.14.010.

严康为, 龙鑫林, 鲁军勇, 等. 高倍率磷酸铁锂电池简化机理建模与放电特性分析[J]. 电工技术学报, 2022, 37(3): 599-609. DOI:10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.201206.

YAN K W, LONG X L, LU J Y, et al. Simplified mechanism modeling and discharge characteristic analysis of high C-rate LiFePO 4 battery[J ] . Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2022, 37(3): 599-609. DOI:10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.201206.

RAYIT N S, CHOWDHURY J I, BALTA-OZKAN N. Techno-economic optimisation of battery storage for grid-level energy services using curtailed energy from wind[J]. Journal of Energy Storage, 2021, 39: 102641. DOI:10.1016/j.est.2021.102641.

MAYYAS A, CHADLY A, AMER S T, et al. Economics of the Li-ion batteries and reversible fuel cells as energy storage systems when coupled with dynamic electricity pricing schemes[J]. Energy, 2022, 239: 121941. DOI:10.1016/j.energy.2021.121941.

MALLARAPU A, KIM J, CARNEY K, et al. Modeling extreme deformations in lithium ion batteries[J]. eTransportation, 2020, 4: 100065. DOI:10.1016/j.etran.2020.100065.

AL-ZAREER M, DA SILVA C, AMON C H. Predicting anisotropic thermophysical properties and spatially distributed heat generation rates in pouch lithium-ion batteries[J]. Journal of Power Sources, 2021, 510: 230362. DOI:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2021.230362.

LIN X F, PEREZ H E, SIEGEL J B, et al. Online parameterization of lumped thermal dynamics in cylindrical lithium ion batteries for core temperature estimation and health monitoring[J]. IEEE Transactions on Control Systems Technology, 2013, 21(5): 1745-1755. DOI:10.1109/tcst.2012.2217143.

WILKE S, SCHWEITZER B, KHATEEB S, et al. Preventing thermal runaway propagation in lithium ion battery packs using a phase change composite material: An experimental study[J]. Journal of Power Sources, 2017, 340: 51-59. DOI:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2016.11.018.

龙潘, 耿光超, 江全元, 等. 储能系统锂电池电热耦合建模及参数辨识方法研究[J]. 太阳能学报, 2024, 45(4): 318-327. DOI:10.19912/j.0254-0096.tynxb.2022-1860.

LONG P, GENG G C, JIANG Q Y, et al. Study on electrothermal coupling modeling and parameter identification of lithium battery energy storage system[J]. Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica, 2024, 45(4): 318-327. DOI:10.19912/j.0254-0096.tynxb.2022-1860.

李航洋, 阳同光. 计及动态非均匀热特性的储能软包锂电池充放电热路模型[J]. 电力系统保护与控制, 2023, 51(19): 104-113. DOI:10.19783/j.cnki.pspc.230547.

LI H Y, YANG T G. A charging/discharging thermal circuit model for energy storage pouch lithium batteries considering dynamic and non-uniform characteristics[J]. Power System Protection and Control, 2023, 51(19): 104-113. DOI:10.19783/j.cnki.pspc.230547.

刘莹, 孙丙香, 赵鑫泽, 等. 基于电热耦合模型的宽温域锂离子电池SOC/SOP联合估计[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2024, 13(9): 3030-3041. DOI:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2024.0659.

LIU Y, SUN B X, ZHAO X Z, et al. Joint estimation of SOC/SOP for lithium-ion batteries across a wide temperature range using an electro-thermal coupling model[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2024, 13(9): 3030-3041. DOI:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2024.0659.

宋梦琼, 彭宇, 廖自强. 基于电化学热耦合模型的电池热管理研究[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2024, 13(2): 578-585. DOI:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2023.0620.

SONG M Q, PENG Y, LIAO Z Q. Research on battery thermal management based on electrochemical model[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2024, 13(2): 578-585. DOI:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2023.0620.

杜江龙, 杨雯棋, 黄凯, 等. 复合相变材料/空冷复合式锂离子电池模块散热性能[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(2): 674-689. DOI:10.11949/0438-1157.20221068.

DU J L, YANG W Q, HUANG K, et al. Heat dissipation performance of the module combined CPCM with air cooling for lithium-ion batteries[J]. CIESC Journal, 2023, 74(2): 674-689. DOI:10.11949/0438-1157.20221068.

郭喆晨, 徐俊, 王行早, 等. 基于一维/三维热模型的平板热管/液冷电池热管理系统优化设计[J]. 机械工程学报, 2023, 59(22): 79-88. DOI:10.3901/JME.2023.22.079.

GUO Z C, XU J, WANG X Z, et al. Optimal design of flat heat pipe-liquid cooling battery thermal management system based on 1D/3D thermal model[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2023, 59(22): 79-88. DOI:10.3901/JME.2023.22.079.

汪朝晖, 熊肖, 高全杰, 等. 基于仿蜘蛛网流道结构设计的圆柱形锂电池热管理系统性能研究[J]. 机械工程学报, 2023, 59(22): 150-162. DOI:10.3901/JME.2023.22.150.

WANG C H, XIONG X, GAO Q J, et al. Performance study of cylindrical lithium battery thermal management system based on the design of spider web-like flow channel structure[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2023, 59(22): 150-162. DOI:10.3901/JME.2023.22.150.

马菁, 段志勇, 孙勇飞, 等. 基于热管的储能锂电池散热特性数值模拟研究[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2023, 43(17): 6737-6746. DOI:10.13334/j.0258-8013.pcsee.222840.

MA J, DUAN Z Y, SUN Y F, et al. Numerical simulation on the heat dissipation characteristics of lithium battery for energy storage based on heat pipe[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2023, 43(17): 6737-6746. DOI:10.13334/j.0258-8013.pcsee.222840.

李长龙, 崔纳新, 常龙, 等. 风冷并联电池模组的建模方法与不一致性研究[J]. 机械工程学报, 2022, 58(12): 168-179. DOI:10.3901/JME.2022.12.168.

LI C L, CUI N X, CHANG L, et al. Modeling and inconsistency analysis of parallel-connected battery module with forced-air cooling[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2022, 58(12): 168-179. DOI:10.3901/JME.2022.12.168.

颜宁, 李吉洋, 李相俊, 等. 考虑电热耦合特性的电池模组多状态协同估计方法研究[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2025, 45(16): 6340-6354. DOI:10.13334/j.0258-8013.pcsee.241242.

YAN N, LI J Y, LI X J, et al. Research on multi-state cooperative estimation method of battery modules considering electro-thermal coupling characteristics[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2025, 45(16): 6340-6354. DOI:10.13334/j.0258-8013.pcsee.241242.

张洪欣, 沈远茂, 韩宇南. 电磁场与电磁波[M]. 2版. 北京: 清华大学出版社, 2016.ZHANG H X, SHEN Y M, HAN Y N. Field and wave electromagnetics[M]. 2nd ed. Beijing: Tsinghua University Press, 2016.

EKSTRÖM H, FRIDHOLM B, LINDBERGH G. Comparison of lumped diffusion models for voltage prediction of a lithium-ion battery cell during dynamic loads[J]. Journal of Power Sources, 2018, 402: 296-300. DOI:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2018.09.020.

陶文铨. 传热学[M]. 5版. 北京: 高等教育出版社, 2019.TAO W Q. Heat transfer[M]. 5th ed. Beijing: Higher Education Press, 2019.

张鸣远. 高等工程流体力学——少学时[M]. 西安: 西安交通大学出版社, 2008.

浏览量

下载量

CSCD

文章被引用时，请邮件提醒。

提交

工具集

关联资源

蜂窝状CPCM/水冷复合式圆柱型锂电池散热性能

考虑储能接入的电网风险评估模型与算法研究

超级电容储能技术参与源网荷储系统优化控制研究

预氧化调控无烟煤衍生硬碳结构及其储钠性能

垂直式重力储能系统能效研究