基于拓扑优化的冷藏车蓄冷板高效充冷翅片设计

李博然; 童山虎; 王达; 任晓芬; 赵学敏

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2025.0767

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基于拓扑优化的冷藏车蓄冷板高效充冷翅片设计

储能系统与工程 | 更新时间：2026-05-28

- 基于拓扑优化的冷藏车蓄冷板高效充冷翅片设计
- Optimizing finned charging tubes for thermal energy storage in cold storage vehicles
- 储能科学与技术 2026年15卷第2期页码：555-566
- 作者机构：
  
  1.石家庄铁道大学机械工程学院低温储能研究中心，河北石家庄 050043
  2.石家庄铁道大学河北省新型储能国际联合研究中心，河北石家庄 050043
  3.中车石家庄车辆有限公司，河北石家庄 051430
  4.中华全国供销合作总社济南果品研究所，山东济南 250101
  5.河北省轨道交通制冷与空调绿色数智技术重点实验室，河北石家庄 051430
- 作者简介：
  
  李博然（2001—），男，硕士研究生，研究方向为相变蓄冷，E-mail：2304448599@qq.com；
  赵学敏，讲师，研究方向为相变材料、规模化制备与表征，E-mail：1625085843@qq.com。
- 基金信息：
  
  石家庄市驻冀高校重大科技专项(241260497A);河北省青年拔尖人才项目(BJ2025206);河北省燕赵黄金台聚才计划骨干人才项目(50199990661)
- DOI：10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2025.0767
  中图分类号： TB 657.5
- 收稿：2025-08-26，
  
  修回：2025-09-15，
  
  纸质出版：2026-02-28
- 稿件说明：
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李博然, 童山虎, 王达, 等. 基于拓扑优化的冷藏车蓄冷板高效充冷翅片设计[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2026, 15(2): 555-566.

LI Boran, TONG Shanhu, WANG Da, et al. Optimizing finned charging tubes for thermal energy storage in cold storage vehicles[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2026, 15(2): 555-566.
李博然, 童山虎, 王达, 等. 基于拓扑优化的冷藏车蓄冷板高效充冷翅片设计[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2026, 15(2): 555-566. DOI： 10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2025.0767.

LI Boran, TONG Shanhu, WANG Da, et al. Optimizing finned charging tubes for thermal energy storage in cold storage vehicles[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2026, 15(2): 555-566. DOI： 10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2025.0767.

摘要

随着冷链物流规模快速增长，蓄冷式冷藏车因其节能环保特性备受关注，但蓄冷梁中相变材料的充冷速度缓慢、温度分布不均成为研究瓶颈。为此，本研究创新性地提出基于拓扑优化的蓄冷板高效充冷翅片设计方法，首先利用COMSOL多物理场数值模拟，对翅片结构进行拓扑优化，然后通过参数化简化重构，兼顾高效传热与工程可制造性。研究表明，拓扑优化翅片在相同体积比(尤其5.8%)下较传统直肋型翅片传热效率提升了71.4%，简化后结构热性能偏差小于0.2℃，同时成本和加工难度大幅降低。进一步分析不同管径对相变固相率的影响，发现80 mm较65 mm管径的综合性能提升了10%。本研究不仅为蓄冷式冷藏车翅片设计提供了系统化优化思路，还在提高充冷效率与维护蓄冷容量平衡方面取得了突破，为低碳环保冷链运输技术的发展注入新动能。

Abstract

With the rapid growth of cold chain logistics

cold storage refrigeration vehicles have garnered increasing attention for their energy-saving and environmentally friendly characteristics. However

slow charging rates and nonuniform temperature distribution of phase change materials (PCMs) in cold storage plates remain performance bottlenecks. This study proposes an efficient charging-fin design method for cold storage plates based on topology optimization. First

a multiphysics numerical simulation was conducted using COMSOL

and the fin structure was optimized via the density method. Then

parametric simplification and structural reconstruction were applied to achieve a balance between high heat transfer efficiency and engineering manufacturability. The results indicate that

under the same volume ratio

topology-optimized fins achieve a 71.4% higher heat transfer efficiency than conventional straight-rib fins

with only a 5.8% increase in material volume. The thermal performance deviation between the optimized and simplified structures is <0.2℃

and cost and processing difficulty are significantly reduced. Further analysis of pipe diameter effects on the solid fraction of the PCM reveals that an 80 mm diameter yields the best overall performance. This study offers a systematic optimization approach for fin design in cold storage refrigeration vehicles

achieving improved charging efficiency while maintaining balanced cold storage capacity

thereby advancing low-carbon and environmentally friendly cold chain transportation technologies.

关键词

Keywords

references

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