Lithium-ion batteries composed of single cathode materials, such as LiCoO2, LiFePO4, and LiMO2 (M=NixCoyMnz/Alz, x+y+z=1), are widely used in aerospace aviation, electric vehicles, and electronic equipment due to their high specific capacity, large energy density, and long cycle life. However, these single cathode materials have an unstable structure, high irreversible capacity loss, poor cycle stability, low safety, and low conductivity, which restricts their application in large-scale power equipment. In this regard, we conducted a review of the literature on the application of single cathode materials in various fields and described their primary defects. It was found that a mono/binary composite cathode prepared by combining a single cathode material with other materials (cathode or non-cathode) can effectively solve the aforementioned problems, thereby improving the electrochemical performance and cycle stability of lithium-ion batteries. More specifically, this article presents a review on the research progress of 1+0 type and 1+0+0 type mono composite cathode materials, and 1+1 type and 1+1+0 type binary composite cathode materials based on lithium-ion battery cathode materials. In this series, 1 represents a lithium-ion cathode material and 0 represents a non-lithium-ion cathode material. Moreover, we analyzed the electrochemical performance of the four types of composite cathode materials with 14 different structural combinations. Finally, the main problems of composite cathode materials are explained and suggested development directions are proposed.
Keywords:lithium-ion batteries
;
cathode material
;
composite cathode material
LAN Ziwei. Research progress of mono/binary composite cathode materials based on lithium-ion battery cathode materials[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2021, 10(1): 27-39
Fig.1
(a) schematic illustration of preparation process of G/NCA cathode composite material; cathode material was composed of different proportions graphene (such as 0.5%, 1%, 2% and 5%) and NCA (b) initial charge-discharge curves at 0.1 C rate; (c) specific capability at different current rate[10]
Fig.2
Initial charge-discharge curves (a) and cycling performances (b) of NCM cathode material and various differentproportions NCM/PTPAn composite cathode materials, and charge-discharge curves of different cycles for pristine NCM (c) and NCM/PTPAn-5.0% composite cathode material (d) in voltage range of 2.5~4.5 V and at current density of 0.2 C[8]
Fig.3
SEM images of (a) and (b) graphene nanosheets, (c) and (d) NCA cathode material, (e) and (f) Y2O3/NCA composite cathode material, (e) and (f) graphene/Y2O3/NCA composite cathode material[12]
Fig.6
(a) schematic illustration of preparation process of NCM/LFP cathode composite material; (b) typical cross-sectional SEM and EDS mapping of P, Mn, Co and Ni of NCM/LFP cathode composite material [55]
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... [8]Initial charge-discharge curves (a) and cycling performances (b) of NCM cathode material and various differentproportions NCM/PTPAn composite cathode materials, and charge-discharge curves of different cycles for pristine NCM (c) and NCM/PTPAn-5.0% composite cathode material (d) in voltage range of 2.5~4.5 V and at current density of 0.2 C[8]Fig.2
... [10](a) schematic illustration of preparation process of G/NCA cathode composite material; cathode material was composed of different proportions graphene (such as 0.5%, 1%, 2% and 5%) and NCA (b) initial charge-discharge curves at 0.1 C rate; (c) specific capability at different current rate[10]Fig.1