钠离子电池：从基础研究到工程化探索

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2020.0054

储能科学与技术 ›› 2020, Vol. 9 ›› Issue (2): 515-522.doi: 10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2020.0054

• 庆祝陈立泉院士八十寿辰专刊 • 上一篇下一篇

钠离子电池：从基础研究到工程化探索

容晓晖¹(), 陆雅翔¹, 戚兴国², 周权^1,², 孔维和², 唐堃², 陈立泉¹, 胡勇胜^1,²()

^1. 中国科学院物理研究所，北京 100190
^2. 中科海钠科技有限责任公司，北京 100194

收稿日期:2020-01-22 修回日期:2020-02-19 出版日期:2020-03-05 发布日期:2020-03-15
通讯作者: 胡勇胜 E-mail:rong@iphy.ac.cn;yshu@iphy.ac.cn
作者简介:容晓晖（1990—），男，博士，研究方向为钠离子电池电极材料，E-mail：rong@iphy.ac.cn；
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(51725206);中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(XDA21070500);北京自然科学基金-海淀原创创新联合基金(L182056┫项目。)

Na-ion batteries: From fundamental research to engineering exploration

RONG Xiaohui¹(), LU Yaxiang¹, QI Xingguo², ZHOU Quan^1,², KONG Weihe², TANG Kun², CHEN Liquan¹, HU Yongsheng^1,²()

^1. Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
^2. HiNa Battery Technology Co. , Ltd, Beijing 100194, China

Received:2020-01-22 Revised:2020-02-19 Online:2020-03-05 Published:2020-03-15
Contact: Yongsheng HU E-mail:rong@iphy.ac.cn;yshu@iphy.ac.cn

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

近年来，对低成本储能技术日益增长的需求促使越来越多的科研人员和工程师加入到钠离子电池基础研究和工程化探索的事业中来，钠离子电池以可观的速度在近10年内快速成长。本文首先分析了全球锂资源形势，尤其是我国锂资源存在的潜在风险；随后回顾了钠离子电池的前世今生，并着重介绍了近些年全球钠离子电池的产业化现状。根据本领域最新的研究进展，提炼出了钠离子电池在成本、性能等方面的7大优势，这些优势使钠离子电池具有巨大的发展潜力。最后重点介绍了本研究团队在铜基层状氧化物正极和无定形碳负极等低成本电极材料研发及其工程化放大，以及钠离子电池研制和示范应用方面的工作。钠离子电池的成功示范证明了其实际应用的可行性。通过对电极材料、电解液、制造和成组工艺以及电池管理等方面进行优化，有望进一步提升钠离子电池的综合性能，尽快实现在低速电动车、数据中心后备电源、通讯基站、家庭/工业储能、大规模储能等领域的应用。

关键词: 钠离子电池, 正极材料, 负极材料, 储能

Abstract:

With the increasing demand for low-cost energy storage systems, more and more researchers and engineers have been involved in the fundamental research and engineering exploration of Na-ion batteries (NIBs), which grew rapidly in the past decade. This article firstly analyzes the situation of global lithium resource, especially the potential risks in China. Then we review the history of NIBs and introduce their global industrialization status in recent years. According to the latest research progress in this field, we summarize seven advantages of NIBs in terms of cost, performance, etc., which endows NIBs with huge development potential. Finally, we focus on introducing our work on the development and mass production of low-cost electrode materials such as copper-based layered oxide cathodes and disordered carbon anodes, as well as the application demonstration and engineering scale-up of NIBs. The successful demonstration of Ah-grade cells and battery packs for NIBs has initially proved their feasibility. By optimizing electrode materials, electrolytes, manufacturing and integration, and battery management, it is expected to further improve the comprehensive performance of NIBs, and realize the practical applications in low-speed electric vehicles, data center backup power supplies, communication base stations, household/industrial energy storage systems, and large-scale energy storage.

Key words: Na-ion battery, cathode material, anode material, energy storage

中图分类号:

TM 911

容晓晖, 陆雅翔, 戚兴国, 周权, 孔维和, 唐堃, 陈立泉, 胡勇胜. 钠离子电池：从基础研究到工程化探索[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2020, 9(2): 515-522.

RONG Xiaohui, LU Yaxiang, QI Xingguo, ZHOU Quan, KONG Weihe, TANG Kun, CHEN Liquan, HU Yongsheng. Na-ion batteries: From fundamental research to engineering exploration[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2020, 9(2): 515-522.

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参考文献 24

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指标	铅酸电池	锂离子电池（磷酸铁锂/石墨体系）	钠离子电池（铜基氧化物/煤基碳体系）
质量能量密度^①	30~50 W·h/kg	120~180 W·h /kg	100~150 W·h /kg
体积能量密度^①	60~100 W·h /L	200~350 W·h /L	180~280 W·h /L
单位能量原料成本^②,③	0.40元/ W·h	0.43元/W·h	0.29元/(W·h)
循环寿命^①	300~500次	3000次以上	2000次以上
平均工作电压^①	2.0 V	3.2 V	3.2 V
-20^oC容量保持率	小于60%	小于70%	88%以上
耐过放电	差	差	可放电至0 V
安全性	优	优	优
环保特性	差	优	优

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钠离子电池：从基础研究到工程化探索

Na-ion batteries: From fundamental research to engineering exploration

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