微网群技术综述

doi:10.12028/j.issn.2095-4239.2019.0079

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 随着分布式风电、光伏间歇性电源在中低压配电网中渗透率的提高，多个微电网可能共存于一个区域配电网，包含各微网间能量互济与协调控制的微网群技术开始引起广泛的关注。文中基于微电网技术及多微电网技术在相关领域的研究基础对微网群从典型特征及拓扑结构、数学描述、微网群能量管理及优化调度方法、微网群运行控制结构及对外控制方式、微网群多组态运行模式及对内控制策略等关键问题及研究现状进行了分析阐述。最后结合我国未来智能电网的建设规划，对微网群技术应用前景进行了展望。

关键词: 微网群, 典型特征, 能量管理, 运行控制, 控制结构

Abstract: With an increased permeability of distributed wind power and photovoltaic in low voltage distribution networks, a plurality of microgrid may coexist in a regional distribution network. This is attracting wide attention in microgrid technologies that contain energy mutual and coordinated control. This paper studies the multi-microgrid, including the typical features of the multi-microgrid and topology structures, multi-microgrid energy management and optimal scheduling method, multimicrogrid multi coordinated control strategy, multi-microgrid multi-confguration operation mode.

Key words: multi-microgrid, typical characteristics, energy management, operation control strategy, control structure

中图分类号:

TK82

吴鸣, 熊雄, 季宇, 丁保迪, 张颖. 微网群技术综述[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2019, 8(4): 621-628.

WU Ming, XIONG Xiong, JI Yu, DING Baodi, ZHANG Ying. Overview on multi-microgrid technologies[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2019, 8(4): 621-628.

参考文献

[1] 王成山, 武震, 李鹏.微电网关键技术研究[J]. 电工技术学报, 2014, 29(2):1-12. WANG Chengshan, WU Zheng, LI Peng. Research on key technologies of microgrid[J]. Transctions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2014, 29(2):1-12.
[2] HATZIARGY N, ASAND H, IRAVANI, et al. Microgrids[J]. IEEE Power and Energy Magazine, 2007, 5(4):78-94.
[3] 王成山, 高菲, 李鹏, 等. 低压微网控制策略研究[J].中国电机工程学报, 2012, 32(25):2-8. WANG Chengshan, GAO Fei, LI Peng, et al. Control strategy research on low voltage microgrid[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2012, 32(25):2-8.
[4] PECAS LOPES J A, MOREIRA C L. Defining control strategies for microgrids islanded operation[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, 2006, 21(2):916-924.
[5] 王成山, 李鹏. 分布式发电、微网与智能配电网的发展与挑战[J]. 电力系统自动化, 2010, 34(2):10-14.WANG Chengshan, LI Peng. Development and challenges of distributed generation, the micro-grid and smart distribution system[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2010, 34(2):10-14.
[6] 洪博文, 郭力, 王成山, 等. 微电网多目标动态优化调度模型与方法[J]. 电力自动化设备, 2013, 33(3):100-107. HONG Bowen, GUO Li, WANG Chengshan, et al. Model and method of dynamic multi objective optimal dispatch for microgrid[J]. Electric Power Automation Equipment, 2013, 33(3):100-107.
[7] 王成山, 肖朝霞, 王守相. 微电网综合控制与分析[J].电力系统自动化, 2008, 32(7):98-103. WANG Chengshan, XIAO Zhaoxia, WANG Shouxiang. Synthetical control and analysis of microgrid[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2008, 32(7):98-103.
[8] LOPES J A P, MOREIRA C L, MADUREIRA A G. Defning control strategies for microgrids islanded operation[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, 2006, 21(2):916-924.
[9] SOFLA M A, KING R. Control method for multi-microgrid systems in smart grid environment-stability, optimization and smart demand participation[C]//Proceedings of the 2012 IEEE PES Innovative Smart Grid Technologies. Washington DC, United States:IEEE Computer Society, 2012:1-5.
[10] 支娜, 肖曦, 田培根, 张辉. 微网群控制技术研究现状与展望[J]. 电力自动化设备, 2016, 36(4):107-115. ZHI Na, XIAO Xi, TIAN Peigen, ZHANG Hui. Research and prospect of multi-microgrid control strategies[J]. Electric Power Automation Equipment, 2016, 36(4):107-115.
[11] 裴玮, 杜妍, 李洪涛, 等. 应对微网群大规模接入的互联和互动新方案及关键技术[J]. 高电压技术, 2015, 41(10):3193-3203. PEI Wei, DU Yan, LI Hongtao, et al. Novel solution and key technology of interconnection and interaction for large scale microgrid cluster integration[J]. High Voltage Engineering, 2015, 41(10):3193-3203.
[12] GIL N J, LOPES J A P. Exploiting automated demand response, generation and storage capabilities for hierarchical frequency control in island multi-microgrids[C]//Proceedings of PSCC2008, 16th Power System Computation Conference, Glasgow, Scotland, August 2008.
[13] 杨仁刚, 杨明皓, 牛焕娜, 井天军. 高效微网群能量管理与协调控制技术研究-国家863计划项目"微网群高效可靠运行关键技术及示范"技术成果[J]. 科技成果管理与研究, 2016, 2(2):82-87.
[14] KOYANAGI K, HIDA Y, YOKOYAMA R, et al. Electricity ClusterOriented Network:A grid-independent and autonomous aggregation of micro-grids:Modern Electric Power Systems (MEPS)[C]//2010 Proceedings of the International Symposium, 2010:20-22, Sept. 2010.
[15] GIL N J, PEAS LOPES J A. Hierarchical frequency control scheme for islanded multi-microgrids operation:Power Tech[C]//2007 IEEE Lausanne, Lausanne, 2007:1-5, July, 2007.
[16] 杨伯君, 杨丽华. 群论及其在信息领域中的应用[M]. 北京:化学工业出版社, 2009.
[17] 郑婷婷, 王海霞, 李卫东. 风电预测技术及其性能评价综述[J]. 南方电网技术, 2013, 7(2):104-109. ZHENG Tingting, WANG Haixia, LI Weidong. A review of the wind power forecasting technology and its performance evaluation[J]. Southern Power System Technology, 2013, 7(2):104-109.
[18] FOLEY A M, LEAHY P G, MARVUGLIA A, et al. Current methods and advances in forecasting of wind power generation[J]. Renewable Energy, 2012, 37(1):1-8.
[19] 林卫星, 文劲宇, 艾小猛, 等. 风电功率波动特性的概率分布研究[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2012, 32(1):38-46. LIN Weixin, WEN Jinyu, AI Xiaomeng, et al. Probability density function of wind power variation[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2012, 32(1):38-46.
[20] 范高锋, 王伟胜, 刘纯, 等. 基于人工神经网络的风电功率预测[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2008, 28(34):118-123. FAN Gaofeng, WANG Weisheng, LIU Chun, et al. Wind power prediction based on artificial neural network[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2008, 28(34):118-123.
[21] 章伟, 邓院昌. 基于灰色-马尔可夫链的短期风速及风电功率预测[J]. 中国电力, 2013, 46(2):98-102. ZHANG Wei, DENG Yuanchang. Short-term wind speed and wind power prediction based on the gray-markov chain[J]. Electric Power, 2013, 46(2):98-102.
[22] 杨锡运, 孙宝君, 张新房, 李利霞. 基于相似数据的支持向量机短期风速预测仿真研究[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2012, 32(4):25-41. YANG Xiyun, SUN Baojun, ZHANG Xinfang, LI Lixia. Short-term wind speed forecasting based on support vector machine with similar data[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2012, 32(4):25-41.
[23] KHALID M, SAVKIN A V. A method for short-term wind power prediction with multiple observation points[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, 2012, 27(2):579-582.
[24] ZHANG Y, GATSIS N, GIANNAKIS G B. Robust energy management for microgrids with high-penetration renewable[J]. IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energies, 2013, 99:1-10.
[25] PAN Li, GUAN Xiaohong, WU Jiang, WANG Dai. An integrated energy exchange scheduling and pricing strategy for multi-microgrid system[C]//2013 IEEE Region 10 Conference, 2013:1-5.
[26] HOSSEIN Farzin, MAHMUD Fotuhi-Firuzabad, MOEIN Aghtaie. Developing a hierarchical scheme for outage management in multimicrogrids[C]//2015 IEEE Eindhoven, Power Tech., 2015:1-6.
[27] NIMA Nikmehr, SAJAD Najaf Ravadanegh. Optimal power dispatch of multi-microgrids at future smart distribution grids[J]. IEEE Transactions On Smart Grid, 2015, 4(6):1648-1657.
[28] SCHWAEGERL C, TAO L, MANCARELLA P. et al. A multi-objective optimization approach for assessment of technical. Commercial and environmental performance of microgrids[J]. European Transactions on Electrical Power, 2011, 21:1269-1288.
[29] 尤毅, 刘东, 钟清, 余南华. 主动配电网优化调度策略研究[J]. 电力系统自动化, 2014, 38(9):177-183. YOU Yi, LIU Dong, ZHONG Qing, YU Nansheng. Research on optimal schedule strategy for active distribution network[J]. Automation of Electrical Power Systems, 2014, 38(9):177-183.
[30] 杨新法, 苏剑, 吕志鹏, 等. 微电网技术综述[J]. 中国电机工程学报,2014, 34(1):57-70. YANG Xinfa, SU Jian, LV Zhipeng, et al. Overview on micro-grid technology[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2014, 34(1):57-70.
[31] 张颖媛. 微网系统的运行优化与能量管理研究[D]. 合肥:合肥工业大学, 2011.
[32] 季美红. 基于粒子群算法的微电网多目标经济调度模型研究[D]. 合肥:合肥工业大学, 2011.
[33] 洪博文, 郭力, 王成山, 等. 微电网多目标动态优化调度模型与方法[J]. 电力自动化设备, 2013, 33(3):100-107. HONG Bowen, GUO Li, WANG Chengshan, et al. Model and method of dynamic multi-objective optimal dispatch for microgrid[J]. Electric Power Automation Equipment, 2013, 33(3):100-107.
[34] 陈昌松. 光伏微电网的发电预测与能量管理技术[D]. 武汉:华中科技大学, 2011.
[35] SCHWAEGERL C, TAO L, MANCARELLA P, et al. A multi-objective optimization approach for assessment of technical. Commercial and environmental performance of microgrids[J]. European Transactions on Electrical Power, 2011, 21:1269-1288.
[36] CHUNG I Y, LIU W, CARTES D A, et al. Control parameter optimization for multiple distributed generators in a microgrid using particle swarm optimization[J]. European Transactions on Electrical Power, 2011, 21:1200-1216.
[37] 高春凤. 微网群自主与协调控制关键技术研究[D]. 北京:中国农业大学, 2014.
[38] 李铮. 低压微网群安全稳定控制方法研究[D]. 北京:中国农业大学, 2016.
[39] MAJUMDER R, GHOSH A, LEDWICH G, et al. Load sharing and power quality enhanced operation of a distributed microgrid[J]. IET Renewable Power Generation, 2008:109-119.
[40] VASQUEZ J C, GUERRERO J M, MIRET J, et al. Hierarchical control of intelligent microgrid[J]. IEEE Ind. Electron. Mag., 2010, 4:23-29.
[41] HISHAM Mahmood, DENNIS Michaelson, JIANG Jin. Decentralized power management of a PV/battery hybrid unit in a droop-controlled islanded microgrid[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, 2015, 30(12):7215-7229.
[42] LOH P C, LI D, CHAI Y K, et al. Autonomous operation of hybrid microgrid with AC and DC subgrids[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, 2013, 28(5):2214-2223.
[43] 熊雄, 吴鸣, 季宇, 等. 微网群混合协调控制及功率管理策略研究[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2018, 38(5):1419-1427. XIONG Xiong, WU Ming, JI Yu, et al. Power management and coordinated control strategy research of multi-microgrids[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2018, 38(5):1419-1427.